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Biomedical subjects

K Nielsen

Publications and source records attributed to K Nielsen.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Factor VIII-related antigen and lymphatic collecting vessels.

In order to investigate endothelial cells of lymphatic vessels for factor VIII-related antigen (FVIIIR:Ag), lymphatics from lo patients with malignant lymphoma or testicular carcinoma undergoing lymph-angiography were examined. After the lymphangiography was terminated, a part of the cannulated lymphatic vessel was removed and prepared for immunohistochemical examination for FVIIIR:Ag. All the lymphatic vessels showed positive cytoplasmatic staining for FVIIIR:Ag in the endothelial cells, the reaction being weak and patchy when compared with blood vessels. Electron microscopy was done on five lymphatic vessels and showed these to be lined with endothelial cells without a basal lamina.

Antigens↗
PubMed1984

Effects of various treatments of bovine complement on its lytic efficacy measured by two different tests.

Bovine complement was treated with various agents known to activate or inactivate one or more of the cascade components. The treated complement was then assessed for remaining hemolytic activity by a tube titration test and a radial hemolysis method. Divalent cation chelators (EDTA and EGTA); immune complexes prepared with serum and IgM, IgG1, IgG2, and IgA isotypes; smooth and rough lipopolysaccharides and lipid A; hydrazine; zymosan; cobra venom factor and brown recluse spider venom caused depletion of complement as determined in the tube titration test. Immune complexes (prepared with serum); hydrazine; cobra venom factor; EDTA and smooth lipopolysaccharide caused loss of hemolytic activity in the radial hemolysis test. This evidence suggests that the radial hemolysis test assessed complement consumed by the alternate pathway, while the tube titration method measured classical pathway consumption.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Coeliac disease: alpha-1-antitrypsin contents in jejunal mucosa before and after gluten-free diet.

Biopsies of the jejunum from 10 patients suffering from coeliac disease were investigated by an immunohistochemical technique for alpha-I-antitrypsin. The biopsies obtained before treatment did not contain alpha-I-antitrypsin, but after a gluten-free diet alpha-I-antitrypsin was present in Paneth cells in the mucosal crypts. This finding suggests that the absence of alpha-I-antitrypsin in the jejunal mucosa might be a pathogenetic factor in coeliac disease.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1984

Pathogenetic factors in vesico-ureteral reflux. A longitudinal cystometrographic study in pigs.

In a cystometrographic study in 36 young pigs the importance of ageing, of the submucosal part of ureter, and of infravesical obstruction in the vesico-ureteral reflux pathogenesis was investigated. Spontaneous vesico-ureteral reflux was found in 13 of the pigs (23 ureters). As the pigs grew older, the reflux disappeared, but if an infravesical obstruction was superimposed the reflux was maintained in half of the pigs. When the intravesical submucosal ureter was unroofed, vesico-ureteral reflux was present 10 weeks later in half of the cases. If an infravesical obstruction was superimposed all the pigs had sustained reflux 10 weeks later. The reflux producing bladder pressures decreased after induction of an infravesical obstruction. This suggests irreversible damage to the valve function due to the obstruction. In conclusion, the present study confirms ageing and the valve function as important factors preventing reflux. Additionally, it stresses the importance of normal bladder urethral function in preventing reflux.

Aging↗
PubMed1984

Herald lesion of the urinary bladder.

The herald lesion of the urinary bladder is defined as an unspecific localized cystitis, eventually polypoid, in patients with symptoms from the lower urinary tract. The herald lesion is visualized by cystoscopy. Biopsies from the lesion show unspecific acute and/or chronic inflammation often accompanied by hyperplasia of the transitional cell epithelium. The herald lesion portends a neoplastic or inflammatory process in neighbouring organs. At our Institute of Pathology fourteen cases of the herald lesion were diagnosed during one and a half years. In 113 consecutive patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease no case of the herald lesion was found.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Immunoglobulin G1 Fc in colostral whey.

Two IgG1 fragments were isolated from bovine colostral whey. Based on gel diffusion analysis, both fragments originated from the Fc portion of the molecule but were not identical to IgG1 Fc prepared by papain cleavage. The molecular weights were determined to be 66,000 and 14,000 daltons and it was hypothesized that the larger fragment could be a polymer of the smaller. No IgG1 Fab or IgG2 fragments could be demonstrated.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

On the occurrence of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in different types of intestinal metaplasia of the human stomach.

The occurrence and localization of CEA in mucosa of 15 gastric specimens removed because of adenocarcinoma and 12 gastric specimens removed because of benign ulcer were investigated. CEA occurred in nearly all foci of intestinal metaplasia of the "colonic type" characterized by the secretion of O-acetylated sialo-mucins. In intestinal metaplasia characterized by secretion of sulphomucin a few foci contained CEA. "Small intestinal type" metaplasia, characterized by secretion of non-sulphated acid mucins, and normal gastric epithelium did not contain CEA. These findings may explain some of the discrepancies of earlier published work on the CEA content of intestinal metaplasia. The correlation between CEA and intestinal metaplasia of the "colonic type", known to be associated with gastric adenocarcinoma, may identify a special type of intestinal metaplasia which could be important in the histogenesis of certain types of gastric carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Carcinoembryonic antigen like antigen in granular cell myoblastomas. An immunohistochemical study.

A series of granular cell myoblastomas (GCM) and other benign and malignant tumours of soft tissue were examined for cytoplasmic content of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) by the two-layer conjugated immunoperoxidase technique. Using a commercial rabbit anti-CEA serum only granular cell myoblastomas showed positive cytoplasmic reaction. Pretreatment with periodic acid made this reaction less intense, but when the commercial rabbit anti-CEA serum was absorbed with tissue powder from normal human spleen the positive reaction was totally abolished. It is concluded that the positivity of GCM for CEA using commercial rabbit anti-CEA serum is due to the content of non-specific cross-reacting antigen (NCA) and maybe other cross-reacting glycoproteins in this tumour, and not to CEA as claimed in a previous study.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1983

Adenocarcinoma in exstrophy of the bladder--the last case in Scandinavia? A case report and review of literature.

There have been 80 cases of carcinoma in exstrophied bladders described previously. We describe another such case in which the specimen was investigated by mucin histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques. The epithelial lining of the bladder was colonic with colon-specific mucin histochemistry and contents of carcinoembryonic antigen. In many foci there were dysplasia of the colonic epithelium and multiple colonic exophytic adenocarcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Drug metabolizing enzymes in the rat after inhalation of halothane and enflurane. Different pattern of response in liver, kidney and lung and possible implications for toxicity.

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed in inhalation chambers to halothane and enflurane in concentrations from 50 to 1000 p.p.m. (0.0025 MAC-0.05 MAC) 6 h a day for 3-11 days. No signs of general toxicity were found. There was a normal increase in weight, and normal food consumption, organ to body weight ratios and normal histological findings in liver, kidney and lung. Exposure to 500 p.p.m. (0.05 MAC) of halothane induced the activity of NADPH-cytochrome-c-reductase in the liver, decreased the concentration of cytochrome P-450 in the kidney and decreased all the enzyme concentrations measured in lung microsomes. Exposure to halothane 50 p.p.m. (0.005 MAC) and enflurane produced only minor changes. It is concluded that the inhalation of halothane, in contrast to enflurane, may affect drug metabolism and thereby drug kinetics and toxicity. Halothane may increase its own toxicity by increasing the activity of NADPH-cytochrome-c-reductase in liver. An organ differentiation in enzymatic response was observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Binding of Brucella abortus whole cell and lipopolysaccharide antigens to plastics.

Various buffers (0.2 M acetate, pH 4.2; 0.01 M phosphate with 0.15 M sodium chloride, pH 7.2; 0.15 M borate, pH 8.2 and 0.025 M carbonate, pH 9.6) were used as coating buffers with Brucella abortus alkali treated lipopolysaccharide on two types of plastic matrices. Maximum binding occurred using the phosphate buffer. However, as was the case with the other buffers 50 per cent or more of the antigen was removed by five washing procedures. B abortus S19 or S2308, suspended in ammonium acetate-carbonate buffer, pH 8.2, was shown to bind maximally when 10(9) cells were dried onto the plastics. Less than 20 per cent of the cells were removed by five washings.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1983

Failure of bovine complement levels measured by radial hemolysis to correlate with tube titration.

Hemolytic complement levels in 30 duplicate samples of normal bovine sera were determined by a tube titration method (CH50) and by a radial hemolysis in gel assay. Significant correlation was not observed between the values obtained by the 2 tests. This lack of correlation could be a result of considerable error observed in values obtained for duplicate samples in the CH50 method or to the relative insensitivity of the hemolysis in gel test. The hemolytic reaction in gel was found to depend on Mg2+, thus raising questions (i) about its validity in determining total hemolytic complement or (ii) about bovine C1q depending on Mg2+ rather than Ca2+ for binding to immune complexes.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The intake of vitamins and minerals by the elderly at home.

In 403 elderly people residing in their own homes a dietary interview was undertaken with special reference to the intakes of vitamins and minerals. The group was randomly selected. The data were compared with the Recommended Dietary Allowances, Joint Nordic Recommendations and the absolute minimal necessary amounts. Intakes of folacin was low in 100% of the interviewed, intakes of cholecalciferol was low in 62% and in 83% intakes of pyridoxine was low as compared to the recommendations. The majority had sufficient amounts of ascorbic acid, thiamine, riboflavin, retinol and cobalamin from the diet. The intake of zinc was low in 87% of the interviewed, but risk of zinc deficiency might only be present in 0.5%. The intakes of iron and calcium was judged to be sufficient. The physiological needs of the elderly may, however, vary from the standards used here and recommendations with special reference to the elderly are in request. The conclusion is that the diet of the elderly, possibly with exception of folacin, is well above their absolute minimal requirements, but the margin towards malnutrition is small. This means that elderly people should be considered a vulnerable group with respect to the intakes of vitamins and minerals.

Aged↗