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Biomedical subjects

K Nemoto

Publications and source records attributed to K Nemoto.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Combined treatment of esophageal cancer with radiation and bleomycin. Part VI. Long-term results and 3-year survivors].

Combined treatment of esophageal cancer with radiation and bleomycin was given to 136 patients receiving curative treatment, in whom distant metastasis was not noticed before the start of this treatment and more than 50 Gy was irradiated. Actuarial survival rates of the patients were 62% at one-year, 33% at two-year, 23% at three-year and 14% at five-year. The local recurrence was noted in 53% and the remote metastasis was observed in 27% of them. These survival rates and three-year survivors were analyzed and discussed. They were closely related to advancement, radiological type and radiation response of tumor. It is concluded that this combined radiotherapy is useful to improve one to three-year survival rate but is not sufficient to increase the permanent cure rate. Curable indications for this therapy are T1-2, N0-1, M0 cases with the radioresponsive type of tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Results of combined therapy of irradiation and bleomycin suppository for advanced uterine cervical cancer].

Efficacy, survival rats and adverse effects of the combined therapy of irradiation with intravaginal bleomycin suppositories were analyzed and discussed in 49 patients with uterine cervical cancer. The results were as follows: Histological examination of biopsy specimens from the uterine cervix taken just after the completion of this treatment showed favorable control over the primary lesions. However, the efficacy of the bleomycin suppositories was too mild to form a basis for treatment without intracavitary irradiation. Because of the low concentration of bleomycin in serum after suppository administration, it is thought that bleomycin would have little effect on distant metastases. Survival rates in stage III patients were 83% at 12 months, 77% at 24 months and 70% at 36 months. These were superior to those for irradiation alone. The major adverse effect of bleomycin suppositories was fever, reduction of the bleomycin dose in each suppository but controlled this to some extent Lung fibrosis or severe damage to the liver, kidney and bone marrow were not found.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Colony assay using collagen gel: a better technique for studying the cell morphology of colonies.

Collagen gel was used as a substance for the assay of human granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units (CFUc). The number of colonies formed in collagen gel was consistently higher than that in a conventional soft-agar system. In six out of eight experiments, the difference was statistically significant. Whole permanent preparations of the plates were made easily and were stained by Giemsa solution with minimum background staining. Preservation of cellular morphology in the preparations was excellent, and neutrophil, macrophage, and eosinophil colonies could be differentiated by their nuclear shape, cytoplasmic color, and specific granules.

Agar↗
PubMed1984

[Treatment of operable breast cancer by tumorectomy and irradiation].

Six patients with operable breast cancer were treated by tumorectomy followed by radiotherapy at Miyagi Seijinbyo Center between 1972 and 1982. All patients are alive but local recurrence at the irradiated breast and lung metastasis occurred in one patient each. Acute skin reaction was evident in two patients and slight fibrosis of the irradiated breast was observed in another patient. However, we encountered no severe complications in any of our patients. Cosmetic results were satisfactory with the exception of one patient who underwent mastectomy after local recurrence of the carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Studies on aminopeptidase activity in acute non-lymphocytic leukemia. The relation to peroxidase reaction.

Aminopeptidase (AMP) activity of leukemic cells in acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (36 cases) was examined by comparing peroxidase (PO) activity. The examination of AMP activity was useful for the diagnosis of non-lymphocytic leukemia in 19 of 36 cases rather than PO activity. Especially in acute monocytic leukemia its tendency was conspicuous. Furthermore, in 5 cases AMP was positive whereas there was no evidence of PO activity. On the contrary, PO was evident in 11 cases. The cases which revealed the same degree of both activities were only 4 and in 2 cases they were completely negative. Although the total number of PO negative cases was 7, ultrastructural endogenous myeloperoxidase reaction was clearly observed in granules of leukemic cells in all cases examined (6 cases). The diagnosis and classification of leukemia must be made using several techniques, and especially in non-lymphocytic leukemia cases, not only PO activity but also the examination of AMP activity is important. Therefore, one must be prudent in applying the FAB classification in acute leukemia.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1983

Chronic myelocytic leukemia with marked myelofibrosis and osteosclerosis.

An autopsy case of a 50 years old woman who manifested chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) with secondary myelofibrosis (SMF) is reported. The interesting point of this case was a marked diffuse myelofibrosis (MF) with osteosclerosis, so that it was difficult to make a diagnosis of either CML or idiopathic myelofibrosis (IMF), but both clinical and histological findings supported the diagnosis of CML with SMF. Her long term busulfan therapy was suspected as being the cause of this severe MF. The relationship of CML and IMF was also discussed.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1983

[A case of perforation of the small intestine in Crohn's disease].

Perforation of the small intestine occurs rarely in the course of Crohn's disease. A case of perforation of the ileum affected by Crohn's disease was presented. A 92-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital complaining of sudden onset of abdominal pain. Laparotomy revealed peritonitis and two perforations in the diseased ileum. She underwent resection of 60 cm of terminal ileum, ileocecum and adjacent 5 cm of ascending colon with an end-to-end ileocolic anastomosis. The intestinal wall of 40 cm of terminal ileum was thickened and edematous. The bowel lumen was narrow. Several longitudinal ulcers were seen. Histological examination of the resected specimen revealed the perforation in Crohn's disease. The intestinal wall was thickened. The mucosal surface was ulcerated and focally perforated. Ulcerated base was covered by abundant necrotizing mass. The submucosa was replaced by non-caseous inflammatory granuloma comprising with fibroblasts, lymphocytes and plasma cells. Perforated area showed abscess formation with plentiful granulocytes. She died of pneumonia 10 days after operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Experimental study on the vulnerability of the peripheral nerve].

UNLABELLED: Compression neuropathy can occur simultaneously at dual points on a nerve, but the details of such lesions are still unknown. An experimental study was performed in order to investigate the vulnerability of the peripheral nerve in the "double crush" situation. Materials and Methods The sciatic nerves of 46 adult dogs were used. Compression was applied by special devices, and the compression force was 15 g (27.6 mmHg). The animals were divided into three groups. Group 1: One device was applied to the sciatic nerve 3 cm distal to the sciatic tuberculum. Group 2: Two devices were applied simultaneously with a 2 cm interval. Group 3: Two devices were applied at the same sites as in Group 2, but the second was applied three weeks after the first. These three groups were followed electrophysiologically up to eight or ten weeks postoperatively, at which time histological studies were undertaken. Results Electrophysiological studies: In Group I, complete conduction block was never induced. Mean motor nerve conduction velocity (M.N.C.V.) was 39% of the preoperative value at three weeks and increased slightly at six weeks. In Group 2, complete conduction block was induced in 50% at six weeks. Mean M.N.C.V. was 34% of the preoperative value at three weeks, and there was no significant change after this time. In Group 3, complete conduction block was induced in 50% at five weeks after the second operation. Mean M.N.C.V. was reduced to 14% of the preoperative value at three weeks after the second operation. HISTOLOGY: In Group 1, the number of large myelinated fibers was reduced at the site of compression and in the distal segment. Mean values for the diameter of the fibers distal to the compression site were shifted to the left when compared with the controls. In Groups 2 and 3, severer changes were noticed, especially in the segment distal to the site of the second compression. Conclusion Subclinical neuropathy was induced by a compression force of 15 g, and it was considered to be axonostenosis . The nerve had been compressed in the proximal region, became vulnerable to an additional compression trauma in the distal region. Even complete conduction block could be induced under such circumstances, and it was considered to be as axonocachexia . Impairment of axonal flow should be considered as a causes of the vulnerability.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Clinical investigation of cefotiam against infections complicated by acute leukemia].

Clinical investigation of cefotiam and aminoglycosides combination use against infections complicated by acute leukemia was performed, and the results obtained were as follows. 1) Sixteen patients were treated with cefotiam in doses 4--6 grams per day parenterally. The clinical effectiveness were excellent 47.6%, good 14.3%, fair 9.5% and poor 28.6%. No significant differences in therapeutic efficacy was observed between the patients given CTM 4 g/day and CTM 6 g/day. 2) It was considered that the clinical effectiveness of CTM has not been influenced by the difference of a number of maturation granulocyte. CTM has showed a certain, though not distinctive, efficacy compared with CFX. 3) As side effects with CTM, eruption appeared in 1 case, and no remarkable laboratory findings was observed. Cefotiam is thus considered to be a useful drug for the treatment of infections complicated by acute leukemia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Atypical leukemia--relation to chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.

An autopsy case of a 71-year-old man with atypical leukemia was reported. The interesting points in this case were the followings: (1) three clonal proliferations; granulocytic, monocytic, megakaryocytic; (2) abnormality of several kinds of blood cells; (3) phagocytosis of granular leucocytes within megakaryocytes; (4) elevation of anti-EB virus antibody, and (5) detection of herpes-type virus-like particle in the nucleus of monocytoid cell in peripheral blood. Relationship between atypical leukemia and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia was also discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Partial characterization of monoamine oxidase in the salivary gland of rats.

Changes in the substrate specificity of monoamine oxidase in the rat submaxillary gland were examined after ligation of the excretory duct and after denervation by postganglionic sympathectomy. Atrophy of the parenchymal cells after ligation of the excretory duct was observed, but such was not so clear after the denervation. The rate of decreases in the enzyme activity after the duct ligation was highest with serotonin, intermediate with dopamine and tyramine and lowest with beta-phenylethylamine, used as substrates. The proportion of form A monoamine oxidase was examined using clorgyline as an inhibitor specific for form A enzyme; approximately 95%, 90% and 85% of the total enzyme activities were attributed to form A enzyme in the intact glands, in the denervated glands and in the duct ligated glands, respectively. These results indicate that 90% of the enzyme activity in the parenchymal cells and almost of all the enzyme activity in the sympathetic nerves of the gland may be attributed to form A enzyme and the atrophy of parenchymal cells after the duct ligation results in a decrease in form A enzyme more markedly than form B.

Animals↗