Biomedical subjects

K Namiki

Publications and source records attributed to K Namiki.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2002

Laparoscopic relief of reduction en masse of incarcerated inguinal hernia.

Reduction en masse of a hernia is defined as the displacement of a hernia mass without relief of incarceration or strangulation. This entity is an extremely rare occurrence. This diagnosis should be considered in all cases of intestinal obstruction after apparent reduction of an incarcerated hernia. Because of the extremely rare occurrence of this condition, however, the definitive diagnosis of reduction en masse may be difficult. We report the first case of laparoscopic relief of reduction en masse of incarcerated inguinal hernia. Laparoscopic surgery can be considered a better approach than open surgery because, while it is just as effective as the latter in making a definitive diagnosis and relieving incarceration, it is much less invasive and allows the patient to make a more rapid recovery.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Effect of calpain on hereditary cataractous rat, ICR/f.

The crystallins in the lenses of ICR/f mutation rat, a known hereditary cataract model, were analyzed during cataractogenesis. Opacification of the mutant lenses was found to be accompanied by changes in crystallin structure and composition, including several deletions of the N-terminals of beta-crystallins and low molecular weight alpha- crystallins. Because similar deletions were observed when the soluble fraction of normal lens protein was incubated with calpain, we considered that calpain could be related to the deletions in mutant lenses. Although measurement of the content of calpain protein by the ELISA method revealed no significant difference between mutant and normal lenses, it was found that the concentrations of Ca2+ and K+ were different between the two lenses and that calpain activity was dependent on both ion concentrations. Endogenous m-calpain in the soluble fraction from normal lenses was activated by addition of 1 mm calcium chloride in the presence of 50 mm KCl (the same concentration as in mutant lenses), and insoluble protein was found in the fraction 1 d after calpain activation. On the other hand, the presence of 120 mm KCl (the concentration in normal lenses) inhibited calpain activity and prevented this insolubilization. These results suggest that calpain in mutant lenses is involved in the proteolysis of crystallins and the progression of cataract formation.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Structure of green pigment formed by the reaction of caffeic acid esters (or chlorogenic acid) with a primary amino compound.

A marked greening observed in some foods such as sweet potato, burdock, and others during food processing was shown to be due to green pigment formation by the condensation reaction of two molecules of chlorogenic acid or caffeic acid ester with one molecule of a primary amino compound under aeration in alkaline solution. Reduction of the green pigment by ascorbic acid or NaBH4 gave a yellow product, which readily turn green and then blue in air. The reduced and acetylated product of the green pigment was identified to be a novel trihydroxy benzacridine derivative, and the yellowish ethanol solution of this product immediately turned green upon addition of butyl amine or diluted alkali. Therefore, the green pigment was assumed to be an oxidized quinone type product of trihydroxy benzacridine. This identification of the structure was supported by the correspondence of the measured absorption spectra with those calculated by the molecular orbital method. A possible charge transfer complex between products of different oxidation steps in green solution was proposed.

Acetylation↗

PubMed2001

A case of influenza subtype A virus-induced fulminant myocarditis: an experience of percutaneous cardio-pulmonary support (PCPS) treatment and immunohistochemical analysis.

A 64-year-old man was admitted to the emergency center of Furukawa City Hospital because of common cold-like symptoms and hypotension. He was diagnosed as fulminant myocarditis with cardiogenic shock and arrhythmia elicited by influenza virus subtype A. Cardiac angiography, echocardiography and biopsy also showed myocarditis, and serum antibody titer to influenza virus subtype A was increased to 4-fold in paired serums. Treatments of both percutaneous cardio-pulmonary support (PCPS) and intra-aortic balloon pumping (IABP) were carried out to sustain the general circulation. PCPS treatment was discontinued on the 25th day of the admission, but IABP was continued. Finally, he died of multiple organ failure. The autopsy revealed myocardial necrosis with a slight fibrosis and a small amount of lymphocytic infiltration into the ventricular wall, which were compatible with restrictive myocarditis. Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis also showed the presence of viral antigens in cardiac myocytes. This case clearly showed that PCPS and IABP can be beneficial to sustain the general circulation in fulminant myocarditis, but cardiac pumping function failed completely to recover from myocardial damage.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation↗

PubMed2000

Laparoscopic partial splenectomies for true splenic cysts. A report of two cases.

The goals of treatment for nonparasitic splenic cyst include elimination of the cyst and prevention of recurrence. We treated two cases of true splenic cysts by successfully performing partial splenectomies via a laparoscopic approach. Herein we describe the surgical technique used and tactical aspects. Laparoscopic partial splenectomies can be a definitive treatment for true splenic cysts in that they preserve splenic function and prevent recurrence.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

How should patients 80 years of age or older with colorectal carcinoma be treated? Long-term and short-term outcome and postoperative cytokine levels.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine how extensive resection affects operative morbidity, mortality, and long-term survival in elderly patients with colorectal cancer. METHODS: A total of 119 patients 80 years of age or older were given a diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma at our hospital between 1985 and 1997. Eleven patients who did not undergo surgery were excluded. The remaining 108 patients underwent laparotomy and were reviewed. Serum levels of interleukin-6 were measured perioperatively in 22 patients to assess the degree of operative stress. RESULTS: Potentially curative resection was performed in 64 (88.9 percent) of the 72 patients in the active performance status group and 13 (36.1 percent) of the 36 patients in the sedentary performance status group (P < 0.001). The in-hospital mortality rate was 8.3 percent in group the active performance status group and 38 percent in the sedentary performance status group (P = 0.007). Patients in the sedentary performance status group and those who underwent emergency operations had higher levels of IL-6 than patients in the active performance status group or those who underwent elective operations. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative performance status, operative curability, and tumor stage have a significant impact on outcome in patients with colorectal cancer who are 80 years of age or older. Knowledge of early postoperative response of IL-6 is useful in predicting postoperative mortality and morbidity in this subgroup of patients.

Aged↗

PubMed2000

[Analysis of the contractions evoked by sympathetic nerve stimulation, and thermal effect on the guinea-pig vas deferens--study as a model for the thermotherapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia].

BACKGROUND: The present study was designed to investigate the mechanism of thermotherapy on benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), using the guinea-pig vas deferens as a model for BPH. The components of contractions elicited by electrical field stimulation and nicotine were analyzed, and the thermal effect on the vas deferens was examined. METHODS: The vas deferens was dissected, suspended vertically through two silver ring electrodes, and attached to an isometric transducer. The electrical stimulation of 10 constant current pulses (10 mA) with 0.3 msec in duration of 5, 10, and 40 Hz was achieved under air-gap condition. Drugs were added directly to a 5 ml Magnus tube containing Tyrode solution (36 degrees C) gassed with a 95% O2-5% CO2 mixture. The components of contractions evoked by electrical stimulation and nicotine were investigated by tetrodotoxin (TTX), and blocking agents of alpha 1-adrenoceptors and/or purinoceptors. Thermal effect on electrically evoked contractions was examined at incubation temperature of 25 degrees C (control), 43 degrees C, 45 degrees C, 46 degrees C and 47 degrees C for 1 hour. RESULTS: Nicotine (200 microM) elicited biphasic contractions, which were triggered by corelease of noradrenaline (NA) and ATP (N-ATP) from sympathetic nerve terminals by activation of prejunctional nicotine receptors. NA and N-ATP caused the corresponding contractions, alpha 1 and N-ATP components, respectively. Combined application of prazosin (1 microM) and suramin (50 microM) abolished these contractions. Activation of post-junctional alpha 1-adrenoceptors by NA caused release of ATP from muscle cells to produce the contraction (alpha 1-ATP component), which was sensitive to both suramin and prazosin. N-ATP and alpha 1 components attributed to fast and slow part of the contraction, respectively. Electrical field stimulation caused biphasic contractions which consisted of both neurogenic (TTX-sensitive) and non-neurogenic (TTX-insensitive) components. An increase in stimulation frequency (5 to 40 Hz) increased the neurogenic components, which contained alpha 1 and N-ATP components, as well as the case of nicotine. The non-neurogenic components consisted of alpha 1-ATP, muscle-derived ATP (m-ATP) and unknown substance 'X' components. Nifedipine (10 microM). L-type Ca2+ channel blocker, markedly reduced the contractions induced by bath applied phenylephrine (alpha 1-agonist, 100 microM) but only partially blocked the contractions produced by bath applied ATP (500 microM). The contractile force in amplitude and neurogenic components induced by electrical field stimulation did not change at 43 degrees C, but both declined significantly above 45 degrees C. The neurogenic components at 45 degrees C and 46 degrees C were suppressed to 22 +/- 6% and 14 +/- 3% (mean +/- SD) of control, respectively. All the contractile responses were abolished at 47 degrees C. CONCLUSION: The contractions of the guinea-pig vas deferens evoked by electrical field stimulation consisted of alpha 1, N-ATP, alpha 1-ATP, m-ATP and X components. Sympathetic nerve fibers in the muscles were completely inactivated by thermal exposure at 47 degrees C for 1 hour. The results suggest that the minimal temperature for thermotherapy of BPH should be 47 degrees C.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗

PubMed2000

[A case of epithelial membrane antigen-positive leiomyosarcoma of the urinary bladder].

A 41-year-old woman was admitted with gross hematuria and pain on urination. Cystoscopy showed a huge and lobulated submucosal non-papillary bladder tumor. Pelvic computed tomography demonstrated a heterogeneous and enhanced lobulated mass, 8 cm in diameter, with extravesical invasion but there appeared to be no metastatic lesions. Transurethral biopsy revealed leiomyosarcoma pathologically. Total cystectomy and construction of an ileal conduit were performed. The tumor was histologically diagnosed as leiomyosarcoma. Immunohistochemical studies revealed the tumor to be positive for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and muscle actin but negative for desmin, and S-100. We reviewed 102 cases of vesical leiomyosarcoma reported in Japan. Among these 102 cases, there were no EMA-positive cases. Immunohistochemical and electromicroscopic evaluation should be performed to evaluate this disease.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Efficacy of transurethral needle ablation of the prostate for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of transurethral needle ablation (TUNA) of the prostate for treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) as one institute participating in a Japanese clinical trial. METHODS: Thirty-three patients with symptomatic BPH were treated with the TUNA procedure in our institute. The international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life (QOL) score, residual urine volume (RV), prostate volume (PV) and peak urinary flow rates (Qmax) were measured and complications were assessed. RESULTS: We followed and evaluated 30 of the 33 cases. At 12 months there were significant improvements in the IPSS (20.7 to 11.2, P < 0.0001), QOL score (4.9 to 2.1, P < 0.0001), RV (46.6 to 22.6 mL, P < 0.01), PV (37.8 to 30.0 mL3, P < 0.002) and Qmax (8.00 to 11.0 mL/s, P < 0.002). There were no serious complications. CONCLUSION: This trial shows that the TUNA procedure is a safe and efficacious treatment for symptomatic BPH.

Aged↗

PubMed1999

Extragonadal germ cell tumor of the prostate associated with Klinefelter's syndrome.

PURPOSE: We report on a case of extragonadal germ cell tumor of the prostate associated with Klinefelter's syndrome. METHODS/RESULTS: The patient was a 33-year-old man. A transrectal prostate biopsy suggested combined germ cell tumor (yolk sac tumor + teratoma). Because there was no tumor except from the prostate, we considered this case to be a primary extragonadal germ cell tumor of the prostate. The prostate tumor responded to systemic chemotherapy with cisplatin, vinblastine and bleomycin and elevated lactate dehydrogenase and alpha-fetoprotein levels normalized. In addition to chemotherapy, the patient also underwent radiation therapy. CONCLUSION: The patient has survived for approximately 4 years since the diagnosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Small spot sign of rectal carcinoma by endorectal ultrasonography: histologic relation and clinical impact on postoperative recurrence.

PURPOSE: We observed small spots at the margin of rectal carcinomas on endorectal ultrasonography. Our aim was to study the relationship between ultrasonographic evidence of these spots and histologic characteristics of disease and postoperative recurrence. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study group comprised 55 patients, 36 men and 19 women, with rectal carcinoma as confirmed by biopsy. The patients were followed up at three-month intervals for six months to three years and six months after the operation. Endorectal ultrasonography was performed in the usual manner. Surgically resected specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and histologically examined. Vessel invasion was graded from 0 (not invasive) to 3 (most invasive). RESULTS: Among the 55 patients studied, 3 had Stage T2,N0,M0 rectal carcinomas and 35 had Stage T3,N0,M0 carcinomas, 5 (14.3 percent) of whom had echographic evidence of small spots. Thirteen patients had Stage T3,N1/2,M0 carcinomas, comprising 12 (92.3 percent) with small spots, and four patients had T3,N1/2,M1 carcinomas, all with small spots. Vessel invasion of Grade 2 or higher was observed around the carcinomas in 20 of 21 patients who had small spots. Ten of 13 patients with many spots at the margin of the carcinoma (a spot grade of ++) histologically had marked venous or lymphatic invasion (an invasion Grade 3). The presence of small spots was closely associated with massive venous or lymphatic invasion (a vessel invasion grade of 2 or more). Four patients had synchronous liver metastases, and small spots were found in all four. Distant metastases and local recurrence were found in 11 of 21 patients with small spots. We found no recurrence in any patient without small spots on endorectal ultrasonography. CONCLUSIONS: Small spots indicate the presence of massive venous or lymphatic invasion and a high risk of postoperative recurrence.

Aged↗

PubMed1998

Limitation of endorectal ultrasonography: what does a low lesion more than 5 mm in size correspond to histologically?

PURPOSE: The accuracy of diagnosis of metastatic lymph nodes for rectal carcinoma has not improved. A low echoic lesion more than 5 mm in size detected by endorectal ultrasonography is preoperatively assessed as a metastatic lymph node. What does a low echoic lesion more than 5 mm in size correspond to histologically? METHODS: Forty-seven patients with lower rectal carcinoma (Term I, 1986-1990) and 48 patients with lower rectal carcinoma (Term II, 1991-1995) undergoing endorectal ultrasonography were reviewed. Surgically resected rectal specimens from 40 patients with rectal carcinoma underwent ultrasonography. Low echoic lesions more than 5 mm in size were taken from resected specimens and were stained with hematoxylin, followed by histologic examination. RESULTS: The accuracy of diagnosis of metastatic lymph nodes of Term II was not higher than that of Term I. Twenty-five low echoic lesions were detected by ultrasonography using 40 resected specimens. Seventeen of these 25 lesions (68 percent) were histologically confirmed to be metastatic lymph nodes. One of 25 (4 percent) was found to be lymphadenitis with no metastasis. Among the 25 lesions, 5 (20 percent) were histologically confirmed to be tumor deposits, 2 (8 percent) fatty tissue, and 22 (88 percent) carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Low echoic lesions were histologically confirmed to be tumor deposits (20 percent) and metastatic lymph nodes (68 percent). Although these data show deficiencies and limitations of the accuracy of endorectal ultrasonography, they compare favorably with other series, and no other current technology can show similar accuracy.

Endosonography↗

PubMed1998

Metabolic profiles of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage treated by early surgery.

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to evaluate the metabolic response of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and to determine whether the severity of hemorrhage influenced the response. METHODS: Resting energy expenditure, nitrogen balance, and serum rapid-turnover proteins were studied for 3-day periods at Day 4, Day 10, and before discharge in patients with SAH who underwent surgical clipping within 2 days after the onset. The patients were divided into two groups according to the Hunt and Hess classification system; there were 17 patients with Grade I or II (mild group) and 19 patients with Grade III, IV, or V (severe group). RESULTS: The mean resting energy expenditures (mean+/-standard deviation) were highest on Day 10, which were 146+/-24% and 198+/-78% of basal energy expenditure in the mild and severe groups, respectively. The nitrogen balance levels of the mild group on Days 4 and 10 were -3.0+/-3.5 g per day and -4.5+/-2.9 g per day, and those of the severe group were -7.5+/-3.2 g per day and -9.2+/-4.1 g per day, respectively. There was a significant difference in the nitrogen balance over time between the two groups (P=0.0037). Serum transferrin, prealbumin, and retinol-binding protein levels were lowest on Day 4 and gradually increased. There were no significant differences in these parameters between the two groups. CONCLUSION: SAH treated by surgery induces a profound stress response. A significant difference of increased catabolism but not decreased anabolism between the mild and severe groups was noted.

Aged↗

PubMed1998

[Thermal effect on alpha 1-adrenoceptors in the guinea-pig vas deferens: histological and binding studies].

OBJECTIVE: To study the mechanism of thermotherapy on benign prostatic hyperplasia, we examined thermal effects on alpha 1-adrenoceptors in the guinea-pig vas deferens. The histological changes in the muscle cells after thermal exposure were also examined by electron microscopy. METHODS: The guinea-pig vasa deferentia were pretreated at 4 degrees C (control group), 43 degrees C, 50 degrees C, and 55 degrees C (heated group) for 1 hour and returned to 37 degrees C for 1 hour or 2 hours. Radioligand binding assay for alpha 1-adrenoceptors was performed by an incubation of [3H]prazosin with the crude membrane fraction from vasa deferentia. The dissociation constant (Kd) and the number of binding sites (NBS) of alpha 1-adrenoceptors were calculated from Scatchard analysis. The histological changes in the muscle cells were also examined at 4 degrees C, 40 degrees C, 50 degrees C, and 55 degrees C for 1 hour by electron microscopy. RESULTS: Kd and NBS did not change at 43 degrees C, but declined significantly above 50 degrees C for 1 hour. The changes in Kd and NBS above 50 degrees C for 1 hour did not recover after returning to 37 degrees C for 1 hour or 2 hours. Electron microscopic observations revealed a loss of myofilaments and dark staining of nuclear chromatin of the smooth muscle cells after thermal exposure above 50 degrees C. CONCLUSION: The binding ability of [3H]prazosin to alpha 1-adrenoceptors declined after thermal exposure above 50 degrees C. Also, the muscular damages were observed histologically after thermal exposure above 50 degrees C. These results indicated that the irreversible decrease in NBS and the disruption of smooth muscle fibers were associated with the thermotherapy.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Cystic adventitial disease of the popliteal artery--a case of young boy.

Cystic adventitial disease (CAD) of the popliteal artery (PA) is rare but one of the well-recognized causes of intermittent claudication. Now more than 200 case reports are available in the world, but there are only 6 cases younger than 15 years old. In this paper, we report a case of 14-year-old boy with CAD of the PA found by intermittent claudication. On examination, the pulses were not palpable below the right popliteal artery, and the angiography demonstrated about 1.5 cm-long obstruction of the right PA. We operated a resection of a cyst with artery, and replaced the autovein graft (V. saphena magna). Cyst contained mucoid degeneration-like ganglion. Two weeks after operation, the angiography showed no stenotic lesion, and follow-up at 4 years showed no symptoms.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

[Flare response on bone scintigraphy in metastatic prostate cancer].

Seventy-seven cases of prostate cancer were treated for 5 years at our department and all cases were followed by bone scintigraphy and tumor markers. Of these cases on case of flare response on bone scintigraphy was recognized. A 51-year-old man was hospitalized with chief complaint of lumbago. Serum PAP and gamma-Sm levels were 320 ng/ml and 15 ng/ml, respectively. Prostate biopsy revealed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Bone scintigraphy and CT scan demonstrated multiple bone metastases and lymph nodes involvements. Treatment was started with diethylstilbestrol diphosphate (DES). At one month after the initiation of treatment tumor markers fell down to the normal level and lumbago was diminished, but only serum alkaline phosphatase was elevated and bone scintigraphy showed apparent progression of individual lesions (flare response). The treatment was not altered. At the times after 2, 8, 12 and 36 months successful treatment the bone imaging improved with reduced tracer uptake and no new lesions. The flare response is a healing reaction and is followed apparent improvement. In general, serial bone scintigrams accurately depict the activity of bone metastases in the patients of prostate cancer, but between 1 and 3 months after starting treatment the paradoxical "flare phenomenon" should be taken care.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1994

[A case of endocrinologically active retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma].

A 27-year-old female complained of right upper abdominal pain. Computed tomography revealed a retroperitoneal tumor located between the right kidney and the vena cava. The preoperative value of noradrenaline in urine was high, 221.1 micrograms/day. She underwent surgery and the resected tumor was 330 g in weight and 8 x 6 x 4 cm in size. Histopathological diagnosis was ganglioneuroma. Retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma is rare and only 82 cases including our case have been reported in Japan, in recent years, adult cases are increasing in number. Endocrinological abnormalities were observed in 9 cases. Although six of the 9 patients were younger than 5 years old, the others were adults. These adult patients had no endocrinological symptoms.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[A case of spontaneous rupture of renal cell carcinoma].

A case of renal cell carcinoma causing spontaneous rupture is reported. A 45-year-old male patient complaining of right flank pain without any trauma was referred to our hospital. Computerized tomography (CT) and angiography demonstrated extracapsular hemorrhage with renal cell carcinoma and right radical nephrectomy was performed. Hemorrhage was recognized in the peritoneal and retroperitoneal space. Pathological diagnosis was renal cell carcinoma. Thirteen cases of spontaneous rupture of renal cell carcinoma in the Japanese literature are reviewed. CT proved to be the most valuable imaging for differentiation. There was intraperitoneal bleeding in 3 of the 13 cases.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗