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Biomedical subjects

K Nakata

Publications and source records attributed to K Nakata.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Neuropathological findings of an autopsy case of adult beta-galactosidase and neuraminidase deficiency.

An autopsy case of a Japanese male with familial beta-galactosidase and neuraminidase deficiency is reported. The clinical picture was characterized by adult onset, a gargoyle-like face, cerebellar ataxia, myoclonus, convulsions, retinal degeneration and cortical blindness. Histopathologically, most neurons seemed to have become degenerated in the whole cerebral cortex. Moreover, the calcarine cortex appeared spongy with depopulation of nerve cells. Stuffed neurons or neuronal storage changes were found throughout the brain, especially in the motor nuclei of the spinal cord and brain stem. The inclusions in the stuffed neurons revealed various profiles on the electron microscope. They were composed of membranous lamellar and/or multilamellar structures, often accompanying vacuoles and reminiscent of lipofuscin-like profiles.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Radioimmunodetection of cancer using antibodies to alpha-fetoprotein and carcinoembryonic antigen.

This study reports the use of radiolabeled antibody to AFP and CEA for the detection and localization of AFP- or CEA-producing tumors. Thirty-one patients received 131I-labeled anti-AFP or anti-CEA antibodies. Photoscans were taken at 24 and 48 hours after injection of radioantibodies. In three of six patients with CEA-producing tumors, radioimmunodetection with anti-CEA antibody showed positive scans. In AFP-producing tumors, 7 of 15 patients had positive findings on immunoscintigraphy using polyclonal anti-AFP antibody, and two of nine patients had positive findings when monoclonal antibodies were used. Analysis of radioantibody in the blood after injection showed both complex and free antibody with immunoreactivity in the circulation, and smaller complexes were seen to form after administration of monoclonal antibodies.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1983

Activity of AT-2266 compared with those of norfloxacin, pipemidic acid, nalidixic acid, and gentamicin against various experimental infections in mice.

AT-2266 (1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-1, 8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid) showed marked activity in vivo when administered orally to mice bearing systemic, pulmonary, dermal, or urinary tract infections due to variety of organisms. The activity of AT-2266 was uniformly higher than those of norfloxacin, pipemidic acid, and nalidixic acid against all of the infections. The activity of AT-2266 administered orally was almost comparable to that of gentamicin administered subcutaneously against urinary tract infections due to gram-negative organisms but was generally lower against other infections. AT-2266 exhibited significant activity against infections due to gentamicin-resistant and nalidixic acid-resistant organisms.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Hypokalemia and sodium retention in patients with diabetes and chronic hepatitis receiving insulin and glycyrrhizin.

Of 9 patients with chronic hepatitis treated with intravenous administration of 40 to 200 mg/day of glycyrrhizin, 3 diabetic patients receiving concomitant insulin developed hypokalemia, sodium retention and suppression of both plasma aldosterone concentration and plasma renin activity after the administration for 3 to 6 days. In the remaining 6 patients (5 nondiabetic and 1 diabetic) receiving no insulin, the administration over the long term (18 to 266 days) never caused these abnormalities. The development of hypokalemia and sodium retention in the patients was not associated with increased urinary excretion of potassium, indicating a different condition from pseudoaldosteronism caused by the desoxycorticosterone-like action of glycyrrhizin. These findings suggest that insulin which is known to have hypokalemic, antinatriuretic and antikaliuretic activity, as well as glycyrrhizin plays an important pathogenetic role in the observed electrolyte disturbance, and suppression of both renin and aldosterone.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Presence of immunoglobulin G in human sera binding to alphafetoprotein.

Sera from patients with collagen diseases, chronic liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma were analysed for alphafetoprotein (AFP)-binding protein. The method used was a 125I-labeled AFP-binding assay with goat anti-human immunoglobulin G (IgG) as the precipitating antibody. AFP-binding IgG was found in the sera from one of 34 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and one of nine patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. This protein may interfere with the conventional radioimmunoassay of human AFP, and may be of interest because of its usefulness as a carrier of radioactivity or therapeutic agents to AFP-producing tumors.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1983

Localizing properties of antibody to alphafetoprotein (AFP) to AFP-producing tumor cells.

Studies have been undertaken to clarify the localizing properties of radioactively labeled antibody to AFP using ascitic hepatoma cells which produce AFP. In the in vitro studies, radioantibodies to AFP were incorporated into the AFP-producing cells, even though excess antigen existed in the medium and the antibodies remained on the cell surface for a long time. In the in vivo studies, the radioantibodies to AFP bound to the AFP-producing cells, especially those producing high levels of AFP (AH66). Tumor localization by scintigraphy was clearer with the AH66 hepatoma than with the AH41C hepatoma, which produces less AFP. The presence of large amounts of AFP in the circulation did not prevent the tumor radioimmunodetection. It is suggested that radioantibodies to AFP bind to the AFP-producing cells despite the presence of large amounts of AFP in the circulation or in ascitic fluid.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Serotherapy of AFP-producing tumors with the purified antibody to AFP.

14 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and one with a hepatoblastoma were given AFP antibodies and changes in serum AFP levels and clinical courses were observed. Anti-human AFP horse IgG was purified by immunoadsorbent column chromatography. 1 mg of the purified antibody was able to bind 100-150 micrograms of AFP. 200-800 mg were given to each patient, according to their AFP levels. Also, conventional anti-cancer agents were administered consecutively. In all cases, the serum AFP levels measured by RIA decreased rapidly to undetectable levels within 24-48 h after the infusion. Then, in seven of 15 cases, the relatively low level was maintained for periods of 10-96 weeks. In the remaining eight cases, the serum AFP level increased again after 1-2 weeks and rose further with clinical deterioration. Since the antibody administered was undetectable in the serum within 2 weeks after its infusion, it is suggested that the AFP antibody had an inhibitory effect on the production or the release of AFP in some patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Evaluation of chemotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma with liver cirrhosis].

The present paper discusses the efficacy of cancer chemotherapy in 46 patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. In most of patients, Adriamycin (20-40 mg) or Mitomycin C (20 mg) was given by one shot injection via the hepatic artery and followed by serial administration of anticancer agents such as 5-fluorouracil (300-750 mg/day), Adriamycin and Toyomycin. Results were as follows: 1) The complete response was not seen. 2) The partial response (more than 50% decrease of the tumor size) was observed in 6 of 46 patients (13%) for 34 to 457 days. 3) Absence of tumor thrombi in the portal vein which was observed by hepatic angiography, CT and ultrasonography, was closely correlated in the partial response and the prolongation of survival time. 4) There were no significant differences with the therapeutic response or survival time among 3 groups (E2: tumor occupation rate (TOR) 20-40%, E3: TOR 40-60%, E4: TOR above 60%). 5) Obstinate abdominal pain and abnormal liver function remarkably were improved during the chemotherapy in 11 of 18 cases (61%), and 6 of 46 cases (13 %), respectively. 6) Major causes of death were hepatic failure (45.7%), gastrointestinal bleeding (30.4%) and intra-abdominal rupture of the tumor (14.7%). 7) As side effect, some extent of hematopoietic suppression was observed in 25% of the patients treated.

Adult↗