Biomedical subjects
K Nakamoto
Publications and source records attributed to K Nakamoto.
Solution properties of synthetic polypeptides. XIX. Heat capacity measurements on the system of poly(epsilon-carbobenzyloxy-L-lysine) and m-cresol in the helix-coil transition region.
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Loss of the tumor suppressor p53 gene at the liver cirrhosis stage in Japanese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
The incidence of p53 gene aberrations is reported to be about 20-50% in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). In most cases, HCC is clinically preceded by liver cirrhosis, but the genetic changes in cirrhosis are not known well. Therefore, we studied the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of the p53 gene in cirrhotic and neoplastic foci in the livers of patients with HCC. To assess the relationship between the LOH status of the p53 gene in the liver cirrhosis stage and that in HCC, we analyzed the samples microdissected from paraffin-embedded tissues using the polymerase-chain-reaction-based assay. We studied 18 patients with HCC. Fourteen of the 18 cases showed constitutional heterozygosity for the microsatellite markers. In 8 (57%) of the 14 informative cases, LOH was detected in primary HCCs. Among these 8 doubly informative (informative and LOH positive in primary HCC) cases, 5 cases (63%) showed LOH in liver cirrhosis lesions. The pattern of p53 allelic loss in the cirrhotic foci was identical with that in the corresponding tumor. The remaining 6 cases without LOH of the p53 gene in HCC showed on p53 loss in any cirrhotic foci. LOH of the p53 gene may occur before the development of HCC.
Tracheobronchoplasty for lung cancer.
Forty-seven patients were pathologically studied in order to identify the kind of local tumoral spread occurring in lung cancer with particular reference to direct infiltration, intra and peribronchial metastasis and multicentricity. The potential absolute and relative criteria for bronchoplasty for lung cancer are discussed. Eighty-three patients were treated over a five-year period with bronchoplasty for malignancy. Survival data show that bronchoplasty can cure some patients with an absolute indication and save lobar function or improve surgical radicality in patients with relative indications.
In vitro effectiveness of mouthrinses against Candida albicans.
This study assessed the antifungal activity of seven commercial mouthrinses against Candida albicans, the organism often found in denture wearers with denture stomatitis. Screening for efficacy of growth inhibition found that five mouthrinses inhibited the growth of fungi, and their maximum inhibitory dilution values and the fungicidal activity were then determined. Two mouthrinses containing cetylpyridinium chloride were shown to be most effective after determination of the maximum inhibitory dilution and the test of fungicidal activity.
Advanced maternal age: perinatal outcome when controlling for physician selection.
OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine whether differences in maternal outcome because of maternal age could be controlled by the elimination of bias in physician selection. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a case-control study that compared pregnancy outcomes of 164 patients delivered at our institution at > or = 40 years old with outcomes in a control group consisting of the next two deliveries by the same attending physician of women with ages 20 to 29 years. Retrospective analysis of the antepartum and intrapartum records was done to compare clinical outcome. RESULTS: We observed a significant increased incidence of nulliparous cesarean delivery (p = 0.046), elevated results of glucose screens with a 50 gm load (p = 0.00002), and hypertension throughout pregnancy in the older patients in spite of controlling for physician selection. The older patient group was more likely to have used assisted reproductive techniques (p = 0.000005) and had higher baseline weights (p = 0.001) and maximum pregnancy weights (p = 0.042). However, the neonatal outcome was similar in both groups. Despite controlling for physician selection, we demonstrated increased rates of abdominal delivery, glucose intolerance, and hypertension in older patients. Fetal and neonatal outcomes were similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: Women > or = 40 years old tend to have an increased incidence of a few pregnancy-related complications, even when controlling for physician selection.