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Biomedical subjects

K Nagata

Publications and source records attributed to K Nagata.

At least 1,027 records · Page 57Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Experimental and clinical studies on ceftizoxime in the field of oral surgery (author's transl)].

Experimental and clinical studies on ceftizoxime (CZX), a new cephalosporin derivative, were carried out and the following results were obtained. 1. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of CZX, cefazolin (CEZ), cephalothin (CET), cefotiam (CTM) and cefmetazole (CMZ) against Gram-positive cocci (31 strains) and Gram-negative rods (169 strains) isolated from the patients with oral infections were determined. CZX, though somewhat less active against Gram-positive cocci than the other cephalosporins, was the most active of the antibiotics tested against Gram-negative rods. 2. The mean serum levels in 19 patients who received 1 g of CZX by intravenous drip infusion for 1 hour were as follows. 19.6 micrograms/ml 30 minutes after the start of intravenous drip infusion, 52.2 micrograms/ml after 1 hour, 25.0 micrograms/ml after 1.5 hours, 20.3 micrograms/ml after 2 hours, 7.9 micrograms/ml after 4 hours, 3.5 micrograms/ml after 6 hours. The mean peak tissue levels of CZX after 1 g dose by intravenous drip infusion for 1 hour were 14.3 micrograms/g (n = 5) in gingiva and 8.5 micrograms/g (n = 2) in bone marrow at the end of intravenous drip infusion. 3. CZX was administered to 17 patients with various infections in the oral surgical field at daily dose of 1 approximately 2 g for 3 approximately 6 days. The therapeutic effect was as follows: 'excellent' in 6 cases, 'good' in 9, 'fair' in 1 and 'poor' in 1. The final rate of effectiveness was 88.2%. No adverse reaction was observed except for 2 cases of slight elevation of S-GPT.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Fundamental and clinical studies of cefotiam in the field of oral surgery].

Cefotiam (CTM) is a new synthetic cephem antibiotic developed in Japan. The results of the fundamental and clinical studies are as follows. 1. CTM showed antibacterial activity, in terms of MIC, as strong as those of cephalothin (CET) and cefazolin (CEZ) for Gram-positive cocci, and several times superior to for Gram-negative bacilli. 2. CTM serum levels approximately reached the peaks on completion of 60 minutes intravenous drip infusion of 1 g of this preparation dissolved in 5% glucose solution of 250 ml; the mean value was 65.00 micrograms/ml. Then the levels dropped rather quickly up to 180 minutes after the start of drip infusion. After that, the levels dropped gradually up to 360 minutes. 3. As for the passage of CTM in the oral tissues, satisfactory passage was observed in both maxillomandibular marrow and gingiva, which adequately exceeded MICs of the clinically isolated strains of oral infections. 4. This preparation was administered 1 g of 2 g daily by intravenous drip infusion in 18 cases of moderate or more serious infections in the field of oral surgery; the clinical efficacy rate obtained was 94.4%. 5. No manifestations of side effect were observed clinically. As for laboratory findings, 1 case of large increases in GOT and GTP (a hepatitis B antigen positive patient) and 2 cases of slight increase in GTP were observed. On the basis of these results of the fundamental and clinical studies, it was concluded that CTM is an excellent antibiotic for the treatment of oral infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Basic and clinical studies on cefmenoxime in pediatric field].

Cefmenoxime (CMX) is a newly developed cephalosporin. Basic and clinical studies on this drug was carried out and the results were as follows. 1. Serum level and urinary recovery A 7 years old male was administered 10 mg per kilogram of CMX by one shot intravenous injection. Serum levels were 23.3 micrograms/ml at the time of 15 minutes after injection, 12.0 micrograms/ml at 30 minutes, 3.9 micrograms/ml at 1 hour, 2.0 micrograms/ml at 2 hours, and 0.3 micrograms/ml at 4 hours. In this same patient, 6-hour urinary recovery was 54.7%. 2. Clinical evaluation and adverse reaction Thirty-seven patients (upper respiratory infection 4, pneumonia 20, pyothorax 1, purulent lymphadenitis 1, cellulitis 2, sepsis 1 and urinary tract infection 8) were treated with CMX in doses of 30 approximately 212 mg/kg divided 3 approximately 4 times per day for 1.5 approximately 21 days intravenously. The overall efficacy rate was 94.6%. As to adverse reaction, exanthema and drug fever were observed in 1 patient respectively. Abnormal laboratory data noted were eosinophilia in 2.3%, and elevation of serum transaminase in 9.8%.

Cefmenoxime↗
PubMed1982

Differentiation of myeloid leukemia cells and changes in their contractile proteins.

In this report we tried to draw a sketch of our recent work on the changes in actomyosin system during the differentiation of a myeloid leukemia cell line (M1). Before the differentiation, the M1 cells do not have a locomotive and phagocytic activity but do after the differentiation. The rather peculiar properties of actin shown by the leukemic M1 cells, low polymerizability and low affinity to myosin ATPase as well as the presence of polymerization inhibitor may explain their inability of motility and phagocytosis. Enhanced binding of actin and myosin on the plasma membrane looks necessary to carry out those differentiated functions which must need vigorous movement of the membrane. The cell movement also anticipates cell deformability which accompanies gelation in a part of cytoplasm and solation in another part. We have already isolated several gelation-factors as well as inhibitors. Not only chemical modifications of actin and myosin molecules but also quantitative variations in those regulatory proteins must be taken into consideration. Thus, studies on the cellular contractile proteins are casting a new light on the process of differentiation of the M1 cell line.

Actin Depolymerizing Factors↗
PubMed1982

[A case report of macroglobulinemia responded to AAAP-therapy].

A 60-year-old woman was referred to us because of tumors on the occipital and the bilateral submaxillary areas. Biopsy proved them to be well-differentiated lymphosarcoma. On admission, systemic lymphadenopathy was noted and there was 26% of plasmacytoid cells in the bone marrow of the sternum. Monoclonal gammopathy of IgM,K type was found; her disease was diagnosed as a macroglobulinemia (IgM: 8,460 mg/dl). VENP-therapy consisted of vincristine 1 mg/w, cyclophosphamide 50 mg/d procarbazine 50 mg/d and prednisolone 30 mg/d was applied for about four weeks, but in vain. Transaminase levels were elevated (GOT 575 U, GPT 480 U) and the superficial lymphnodes did hardly diminish. Therefore, after improvement of the liver dysfunctions, 5 courses of AAAP-therapy, which was consisted of ACNU 50 mg/d (IV drip over 4 hrs), adriamycin 20 mg/d (IV push), methotrexate 25 mg/d (IV push) and prednisolone 60 mg/d (IV push) once a week or three were employed with excellent clinical effects. The superficial lymphnodes disappeared, M-protein and plasmacytoid cells in the bone marrow markedly decreased. An interval of the initial remission reached to 17 months. As previously reported, AAAP-therapy was also effective to multiple myeloma and acute lymphocytic leukemia of B-cell type. Therefore, AAAP-therapy would be one of the best chemotherapies for B-cell malignancy including macroglobulinemia.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1982

[Experimental and clinical studies of cefmetazole in the field of oral surgery].

Experimental and clinical studies were carried out on cefmetazole (CMZ), a synthetic antibiotic of cephamycin group, and the following results were obtained. 1) The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of CMZ against Gram positive cocci (30 strains) isolated from the patients with oral infections showed slightly inferior to those of ABPC, CEZ, while MICs against Gram negative bacilli (166 strains) of CMZ exhibited stronger activity than ABPC, CEZ. 2) The mean serum concentration of CMZ at 60 minutes after drip infusion showed 65.6 micrograms/ml. The concentration of CMZ in oral tissues varied in 4--60% of serum level at 60 minutes after drip infusion. The concentration in pus showed 15.2 micrograms/g at 60 minutes after drip infusion. 3) CMZ was administered by the drip infusion to 22 patients with various infections in the oral surgical field. The efficacy rate was 90.9%. 4) No side effect was observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Clinical studies on 9,3"-diacetylmidecamycin in respiratory tract infections in pediatric field (author's transl)].

Clinical studies on 9,3"-diacetylmidecamycin (MOM) was carried out in 31 patients with respiratory tract infections (acute pharyngitis 6, acute purulent tonsillitis 5, scarlet fever 1, acute bronchitis 6, pneumonia 13 cases), in dose of 12 approximately 34 mg/kg divided 3 per day for 3 approximately 19 days. The overally efficacy rate was 74.2%. As to adverse reaction, exanthema and diarrhea with abdominal pain were observed in each 1 patient. Eosinophilia and elevation of serum GPT were noted in each 1 patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Dynamic pathophysiology of cerebral infarction and revascularization. I. Ischemic cerebral edema].

A natural history of ischemic cerebral edema was analyzed in 100 patients with occlusive cerebrovascular diseases admitted within one week of onset, with serial computed tomography (CT) and angiograms. Cerebral edema was defined as a low-density area with mass sign on CT. A total of 446 studies of CT were performed. In 40 patients with major completed stroke admitted 24 hours of onset, a total of 73 studies of CT were taken within 48 hours of onset, and a timing of appearance of cerebral edema was analyzed. Patients were allocated to two groups according to the findings on angiograms; 68 patients who showed occlusive lesions on sequential angiograms (the group of no-recanalization), and 32 patients who showed reopening of occluded vessels on the first or sequential angiograms (the group of no-recanalization). In the group of no-recanalization a low-density area gradually appeared between 6 and 24 hours of onset A. mass sign reached its peak on the 3rd day with a peak incidence of 56%, and midline shift was present in 30% of the cases. It was resolved within 2 weeks in most cases. In the group of recanalization, a low density area appeared after 4 hours and rapidly increase after 6 hours. All patients had a low-density area at 12 hours of onset. A mass sign progressed until the 6th day with a peak incidence of 82%, and midline shift was present in 50% of the cases. The duration of mass sign was longer than that in the group of no-recanalization. These results suggest that the permissible duration of ischemia is considered to be within 6 hours of onset in profound ischemia. After 6 hours, ischemic tissue damage may not be reversible by the revascularization, even if CT shows no change during ischemia. An abrupt revascularization may not contribute to the recovery of brain damage, but accelerate the ischemic cerebral edema.

Aged↗