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Biomedical subjects

K Murakami

Publications and source records attributed to K Murakami.

At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[A selective inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase isolated from an alkalophilic strain of Bacillus species].

Many alkalophilic bacteria were found to produce inhibitors of protein kinases. We isolated a novel inhibitor of protein kinase from an alkalophilic strain of Bacillus species. This substance was A heat-stable peptide with a molecular weight of 13,000 daltons. It was found to be a selective inhibitor of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (A kinase). The inhibition of a kinase by this substance was non-competitive with histone or ATP. It behaved distinctly; other known inhibitors such as H-7, H-8, Staurosporine, K-252 and Erbstatine inhibit protein kinase less selectively and their functions are competitive with either substrate or ATP. This inhibitor was found to bind to the regulatory subunits of A kinase and markedly inhibited the separation of the catalytic subunits from A kinase induced by the binding of cAMP despite of no effect on the binding of cAMP. Thus, the activation step of A kinase was influenced by this inhibitor. This molecule had no effect on the inhibition by cAMP of CHO cell proliferation. This may have been due to the inability of this molecule to reach the target in the cell. Modification of the molecule itself or the administration method is needed for cellular or animal application.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Cancer treatment in terminal stage].

The decision of treatment for cancer patient in terminal stage differs from that of patients in early stage or in stage of good P.S. (performance status). The small part of patients desire to make every effort for life-prolongation if it follows severe complications, but major part of patients desire to relief from several pains and distresses, or to maintain high quality of life and living. True and enough informations are necessary for patient to choose or decide the course of treatment. The self-decision for treatment by informed consent is desirable. The three points of terminal care are follows: 1) Life-prolonging treatment Life-prolonging treatments with less distress and complication, if that is based on informed consent, are usefull and necessary. 2) Relief for pains and distresses Pain control and aids for psycho-social-religious distresses. 3) Support for the death of desirable choice How to die is how to live. The treatment based on patient's view of life must be chosen. (A) Pre-terminal stage To keep balance the wills for social life and/or life-work and complications of treatment. (B) Final stage The decision of choice of resuscitation and/or intensive care must be decided by patient and/or family.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[Hyperamylasemia in endometrial adenocarcinoma].

Two patients suffering from endometrial adenocarcinoma (endometrial type) showed hyperamylasemia. The elevated level of amylase in the serum dropped to the normal range after operation in case 1. Case 2 had a recurrent tumor and continued to have a high amylase concentration in the blood. Isozyme analysis of serum-amylase showed predominant patterns of the salivary type. Tumor homogenates contained only salivary type amylase. Immunohistochemical staining revealed localizations of amylase in these tumor tissues. So it was clear that the production and secretion of salivary type amylase caused hyperamylasemia. Further study was done immunohistochemically to find the incidence of amylase-productive endometrial adenocarcinoma (endometrial type). It was shown that 56% of these tumors had amylase in neoplastic cells. Well differentiated adenocarcinoma showed a high frequency of amylase-positive findings. It was suggested that amylase measurement would provide useful information in checking the recurrence and in monitoring the therapeutic effects of endometrial adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Arthrographic investigation for the disk configuration with closed lock of the temporomandibular joint].

The authors examined arthrotomographies of 89 patients (96 joints) with closed lock of the temporomandibular joint to clarify the frequency of disk deformity correlated with disk perforation, bone change and patients' age. The disk configurations were divided into 3 types, those were type-1-elongated and preserved shape of the disk, 39 joints, type 2-folded disk, 11 joints, and type 3-massed disk, 46 joints. The frequency of disk deformity was 66.7% (64 joints). The numbers of disk perforation, (and bone change) in each type were type 1-2 (5) joints, type 2-1 (1) joint, and type 3-11 (13) joints. The average ages of each type were type 1-28.1 years, type-2-27.2 years, and type 3-40.1 years. These results indicate that high percentage of disk deformations exist in the closed lock patients with degenerative changes of the soft and hard parts of the temporomandibular joint.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Correlation of the disk configuration with duration of illness and opening distance in patients with closed lock of the temporomandibular joint].

Classification of disk configuration for 96 joints (89 patients) of internal derangement with closed lock of the temporomandibular joint was performed by means of double-spacing contrast arthrotomography. The results of the classification were presented in the first report of this series. The disk shape was divided into 3 types; the first type-prolonged shape maintaining the main parts of the disk, the second type-folded disk, and the third type-massed disk. In this article, the authors tried to clarify the correlation of disk configuration with the duration of illness and with the interincisal opening distance at the first presentation. In the results, the average duration of clicking and locking was statistically longer in the joints of the third type. The interincisal opening distance was statistically smaller in the joints of the first type. These results indicate that the severity of the disk deformation is closely related to the duration of illness and to the joint function.

Cartilage, Articular↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical study on mandibular condylar fracture. 1. Retrospective study in 100 patients with 130 temporomandibular joint fractures with special consideration in the treatment for the various locations and forms of the fractures].

Clinical retrospective investigation was conducted on mandibular condylar fractures of 100 hospitalized cases at the Department of Oral Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital during the period from 1973 to 1983. The following results were obtained, 1. There were 74 males and 26 females. The age of the patients at the time of injury ranged from 4 to 78 years old. The average age was 28.1 years old. 2. Twenty-six patients were treated within a week of injury, 22 cases within 2-weeks and 33 cases were treated after more tham 3 weeks. 3. Of the 100 cases, 70 were unilateral fractures and 30 were bilateral. The incidence of the concomitant fractures of the mandible were higher in bilateral than in unilateral condylar fractures. 4. On fracture level and form 130-site in 100 patients were divided according to the classification of Maclennan and Kubo. Dislocated and high condylar fractures were most frequently observed. 5. Surgical reduction was mainly achieved in low neck fracture, and the contrary conservative treatment was observed in the higher level fracture. On the other hand condylectomy was infrequently indicated in the dislocated head fracture.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical study on mandibular condylar fracture. 2. Long-term follow-up study in 48 patients with 66 joints].

Sixty-six joints in 49 patients with mandibular condylar fracture were investigated by means of long-term follow-up observation. The group of patients consisted of 39 males and 10 females with ages from 15 to 75 years. The classification of the fractures was follows: MacLennan type 1; four, type 2; four, type 3; 39, and type 4; 39 joints respectively. Treatment was as follows: 25 joints were by conservative therapy, 31 joints were by surgical fixation, and 10 joints condylectomy. The follow-up period of observation ranged from 18 months to 10 years and one month an average of five years and seven months. Clinical assessment was based upon Nakatomi's dysfunction index on mandibular condylar fracture, of which the criteria are as follows; Excellent (No clinical dysfunction sign on the TMJ), Fair (Slight pain, noise, and limited range of motion of the mandible, but clinically no affected mastication), Poor (Moderate dysfunctioned jaw), and Failure (Severe dysfunctioned jaw). 23 joints in 18 patients were ranked as having excellent results. 31 joints in 22 patients were assessed as fair. Ten joints in seven patients were defined as poor, and the remaining two joints in two patients were failures. The overall success rate was 81.7%. There are no statistical differences between patient's groups based on age, sex, uni/bilateral modality, with/without other concomitant fracture, surgical/conservative procedure, location and form of fractures, and duration of period from injury. These results indicated that the conservative procedure would be the first choice as a reasonable and less invasive procedure for functional repair of mandibular condylar fracture. On the other hand, as most patients had some dysfunction sign on the TMJ after mandibular condylar fracture, a more appropriate treatment, surgical or otherwise, should be found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Chronic recurrent-progressive polyradiculoneuritis--Characteristics of autonomic dysfunction].

We examined autonomic dysfunctions in 12 patients with chronic-recurrent-progressive polyradiculoneuritis (C-R-P-PRN), consisting of 6 males and 6 females with the clinical duration of 8 months to 16 years, and with the age ranged 13 and 71 years. Sixteen healthy volunteers, aged 20 to 70 years, were also examined. Thermal sweat rate was recorded on the palm, forearm, upper arm, anterior chest, lateral thigh and lateral aspect of lower leg using a ventilated capsular method in a climatic chamber at 40 degrees C and 40% of relative humidity. After steady state was attained, thermal sweat rate was measured. Local sweating induced by intradermal injection of pilocarpine and nicotine (a concentration of 10(-4), 0.1 ml) was also measured on the forearm and lower lateral leg at 23 degrees C of room temperature and 40% of relative humidity. Other autonomic functions including skin temperature at rest and after cold loading (15 degrees C, 6 minutes), variation in the R-R interval (CV%), pupillary function (response to 1.25% epinephrine, 2(-5) pilocarpine, 5% tyramine), orthostatic hypotension and bladder dysfunction were also monitored. A decrease in sweat rate and recovery rate of skin temperature was seen more frequently in patients with C-R-P-PRN than normal volunteers. Abnormality in the thermal sweat rate and local sweat response against nicotine and pilocarpine was present more frequently in the forearm and distal leg as compared with the chest and thigh.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Hip abduction force measured by a new method and its relation to EMG activity].

I measured hip abduction force using a new device of my own design and evaluated the correlation between hip abduction force and electromyographic (EMG) activity of the gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, rectus femoris and adductor longus in 20 normal adults. Hip abduction force showed a maximum value on starting and decreased during abduction of the hip joint. Durability, on the other hand, showed an increase. The attenuation curve was approximated to the exponential function A.e-Kt; A and l/k indicating maximum hip abduction force and durability, respectively. Maximum hip abduction force was about 20 kg and durability was about 160 seconds on starting hip abduction. The regression coefficient between hip abduction force and EMG activity of the gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, rectus femoris and adductor longus was 1.5, 06, 0.6 and 0.2 respectively. From these results, I concluded that although the gluteus medius plays the major role in hip abduction, the rectus femoris and gluteus maximus may act as stabilizers for maintaining the position of hip abduction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Sex as a factor in levels of serum ascorbic acid in a healthy elderly population.

To investigate gender difference in serum ascorbic acid levels in healthy elderly, its status was studied in 175 free-living and healthy elderly people aged 63-81, who were not using ascorbic acid supplement. Both mean dietary ascorbic acid intake (3.2 +/- 1.3 mg/kg of body weight/day) and its serum concentration (1.11 +/- 0.23 mg/100 ml) for females (n = 96) were significantly higher than for males (2.7 +/- 1.1 mg/kg/day and 0.91 +/- 0.30 mg/100 ml; n = 79). It was estimated that intakes needed to maintain a serum ascorbic acid concentration of 1.0 mg/100 ml would be about 2 mg/kg of body weight/day for females and about 3 mg/kg/day for males. In this population, dietary ascorbic acid intake was the most important predictor of its serum concentration, but sex was also significantly related to it, accounting about 7% of its total variation.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[CT findings of primary and secondary malignant lymphoma of the brain].

Eleven patients with primary brain lymphoma and three patients with secondary brain lymphoma were analysed in detail on the results from the CT studies. Almost all the lesions were found in the basal ganglia and periventricular regions. Leptomeningeal lesion was noted only in one case in the three cases with secondary lesions while no such lesions were revealed in the cases with primary lesions. On the contrast studies while almost all the lesions showed homogenous contrast enhancement, the central low density areas in the lesions were seen in the two lesions in the 28 primary lesions (7.1%) and in the one lesion in the 5 secondary lesions (20%). The leptomeningeal spread of the lesion and the more frequent central low density area in the lesion are considered to be the differential points of the secondary brain lymphoma from the primary brain lymphoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Effects of dobutamine and acetylcholine on perfused hearts isolated from streptozocin-induced diabetic rats.

In order to study the responsiveness of the diabetic heart to autonomic agents, effects of dobutamine (DOB) and acetylcholine (ACh) on perfused hearts isolated from streptozocin (streptozotocin, STZ)-induced diabetic rats and insulin-treated diabetic rats were evaluated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 180-210 g, were divided into control (C) group, diabetes mellitus (DM) group, and diabetes mellitus treated with insulin (DMI) group. C group was injected with buffered vehicle. DM and DMI groups were injected intravenously with 60 mg/kg STZ at the first day. Three days after STZ injection, DMI group was subsequently treated with 4 U of insulin zinc suspension (lente insulin) subcutaneously every day. At 45 days after injection of STZ, experiments were performed using a Langendorff perfused heart preparation. In the evaluation of effect of ACh, heart rate and myocardial developed tension (T) were measured. In the evaluation of effect of DOB, heart was paced at 300 beats/min and T was measured isometrically. Plasma glucose values (mg/dl) were 116.0 +/- 4.9 in C, 482.3 +/- 30.3 in DM, and 204.6 +/- 34.8 in DMI group, respectively. The order of percent increases in T induced by DOB (10(-8)-3 x 10(-6) g) was C greater than DMI greater than DM. The order of percent decreases in T and heart rate by ACh (10(-7)-3 x 10(-6) g) was C greater than DMI greater than DM. These results suggest that both adrenergic receptor-mediated and cholinergic receptor-mediated cardiac responsiveness are significantly depressed in the diabetic heart.

Acetylcholine↗