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Biomedical subjects

K Morisawa

Publications and source records attributed to K Morisawa.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Comparative studies on absorption patterns of the drug after intrarectal administration of 5-FU emulsion and 5-FU solution.

Intrarectal administration of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) emulsion was compared experimentally with that of 5-FU solution as to the degree of absorption and tissue distribution. For the 5-FU levels in the rectal wall, the levels in the emulsion group remained at high levels during the 6 hour period after administration while the levels in the solution group decreased rapidly. For the 5-FU levels in the lymph nodes, those in the emulsion group were significantly higher (more than four times) and remained at relatively high levels for a longer period than those in the solution group. In the thoracic lymph, 5-FU levels in the emulsion group remained more than two times higher throughout the experimental period. The results suggest tha preoperative intrarectal administration of 5-FU emulsion may be effective as an adjunct to surgery for rectal cancer with lymph node metastasis, because of the long duration of high concentration resulting in the rectal lymphatics and rectal wall.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Clinical studies of intrarectal administration of 5-FU emulsion as an adjunct to surgical treatment of rectal cancer.

Preoperative intrarectal administration of 5-FU emulsion was attempted as an adjuvant chemotherapy to surgery for rectal cancer. The drug concentrations of resected specimens were determined and histological examinations of them were carried out in order to evaluate the effect of anticancer drugs on the metastatic lymph nodes as well as on the primary tumors. 5-FU levels both in the regional lymph nodes and primary tumors of 18 patients with rectal cancer, who were given with the 5-FU emulsion (emulsion group) or 5-FU suppository (suppository group) intrarectally two hours before surgery, was found to be much higher in emulsion group than in suppository group. 46 patients with rectal cancer were treated preoperatively with intrarectal administration of 5-FU emulsion (25 cases) or 5-FU suppositories (21 cases) for a period of 10 days before surgery, and the histological effect of this regimen on the metastatic lesion in the lymph nodes, as well as in the primary tumor was examined. No detectable difference was found in the primary lesions between the emulsion group and the suppository group. In the metastatic lesions, however, the rate of effectiveness was higher in the emulsion group than in the suppository (68 percent versus 33 percent).

Emulsions↗
PubMed1978

Histological evaluation of the effect of 5-FU emulsion on lymph node metastasis of stomach cancer.

In order to evaluate the effect of anticancer drugs on the metastatic lesions of the regional lymph nodes from stomach cancers removed after oral administration of 5-FU emulsion, histological examinations of the specimens obtained from 107 surgical cases were carried out. In additional 13 cases with gastric cancer, the active 5-FU concentrations in the regional lymph nodes were determined. The effect of 5-FU emulsion in metastatic lesions as determined was histologically classified into Grades 0 to III according to the severity and extent of damaged cells and cell nests Grades II and III were judged to demonstrate the beneficial effect of the 5-FU emulsion. Such changes were identified in 62.0 per cent of the 242 metastatic lymph nodes, and the effectiveness increased as the total dose of the 5-FU emulsion administered increased (50.9 per cent for 5,000 mg or less, 70.9 per cent for 5,000 to 6,000 mg, and 72.7 per cent for 6,000 mg or more). The rate of effectiveness also varied with the histological type of the primary carcinoma, i.e. the differentiated type being more sensitive. The mean active 5-FU level in the regional lymph nodes was higher after the administration of 5-FU emulsion than of 5-FU solution supporting the earlier animal experiments.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Brachial plexus stretching injuries: microcirculation of the brachial plexus.

This study was undertaken to investigate the pathogenesis of brachial plexus stretching injuries at an intensity level not severe enough to cause avulsion injury. While we performed traction on 64 forelegs of 32 rats, we evaluated changes in the blood flow in the extrinsic and intrinsic microvascular systems of the brachial plexus. While we laterally stretched the brachial plexus during 80 degree shoulder abduction, we measured the blood flow at the bifurcation of the brachial plexus and at the median nerve with the hydrogen washout technique. During weak traction the blood flow decreased markedly in the extrinsic system, causing an imbalance in the two systems. In the median nerve, however, no such imbalance occurred. On histologic examination the axon and myelin in the brachial plexus and the median nerve showed no morphologic change. However, in parts of the brachial plexus we noted hypertrophic connective tissue or granulomatous inflammation in tissue surrounding the extrinsic system. The extrinsic system's apparent susceptibility to injury by acute traction may be a factor in the pathogenesis of the brachial plexus stretching injuries.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Apophysitis of the acromion.

We treated three patients with apophysitis of the acromion. These patients were two male athletes 12 and 14 years of age, respectively, and one female athlete 13 years of age. They reported pain at the top of the shoulder during and after shoulder movement while playing sports but had no rest pain or disturbance of daily activities. Physical examination demonstrated marked local tenderness at the acromion and slight warmth. X-ray films showed sclerosis and irregularity of the secondary ossification center of the acromion. Bone scintigraphy carried out on one patient demonstrated increased uptake in that region. Conservative treatment was used for these patients. Recovery was gradual but satisfactory.

Acromion↗