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Biomedical subjects

K Momose

Publications and source records attributed to K Momose.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Combined spinal and epidural analgesia for caesarean section].

We compared the combined spinal and thoracic epidural analgesia with 2% lidocaine for caesarean section, with spinal analgesia using 2% lidocaine, tetracaine or dibucaine, and also with lumbar epidural analgesia. The analgesia at high thoracic level could be achieved with combined spinal and epidural analgesia more easily than with others. The frequency of side effects with the combined spinal and epidural analgesia, such as hypotension, decrease of fetal heart rate and so on, was less than that with others. In conclusion, the combined spinal and thoracic epidural analgesia with 2% lidocaine is more useful for caesarean section, than the spinal analgesia or the lumbar epidural analgesia alone.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1993

[Postoperative apnea in preterm infants after inguinal herniorrhaphy].

Preterm infants may become apneic during immediate postoperative period. We studied prospectively postoperative apneic attack in 167 preterm infants after inguinal herniorrhaphy with nitrous oxide-halothane anesthesia. Their mean gestational age was 30 +/- 3 weeks. The mean postnatal age at operation was 14 weeks. The post-conceptual age varied between 36 and 56 weeks. The mean birth weight was 1351 +/- 395 kg. Although many of them had a risk factor of postoperative apneic attack, i.e.a young post-conceptual age (less than 41 weeks), a light weight at operation (below 3000g), only one infant who had received emergency operation had an episode of apneic attack up to 2 postoperative days. For preventing postoperative apneic attack in preterm infants after inguinal hernia, we recommend the use of halothane anesthesia and the attention until a complete awakening.

Apnea↗
PubMed1992

[Synthesis of 1-trans-cinnamoyl- and 1-[trans-3-(pyridyl)acryloyl]-2-pyrrolidinone derivatives and their effect on hemicholinium-induced impairment of water maze learning in mice].

Various 1-trans-cinnamoyl-2-pyrrolidinones (6a-k) and 1-[trans-3-(pyridyl)acryloyl]-2-pyrrolidinones (9a-c) were prepared as analogues of the notropic agent, aniracetam (2), and their effects on hemicholinium-induced impairment of water maze learning in mice were examined. 1-(trans-3-Methoxycinnamoyl)-, 1-(trans-4-methoxycinnamoyl)- and 1-(trans-4-chlorocinnamoyl)-2-pyrrolidinones (6c, d, h) and 1-[trans-3-(3-pyridyl)acryloyl]-2-pyrrolidinone (9c) were found to be more active than aniracetam in these tests. In addition, these 2-pyrrolidinones (6a-k, 9a-c) were apparently observed to lengthen mouse survival time following hemicholinium injection into the brain.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[The effect of preoperative oral administration of ranitidine on pH and volume of gastric juice].

The effect of ranitidine, administrated 2 or 4 hours prior to induction of anesthesia, on volume and pH of gastric juice was investigated in patients undergoing elective surgery. Three-hundred mg of ranitidine was administrated orally in 54 patients 2 hours prior to anesthesia and in 50 patients 4 hours prior to anesthesia. The volume and pH of gastric juice were measured immediately after induction of anesthesia. In more than 90% of patients of both groups, volume of gastric juice was smaller than 25 ml and its pH was more than 2.5. Ranitidine 450 mg was administrated orally in 7 patients, and its plasma concentration was measured 2, 4 and 6 hours after administration. In one patient, volume of gastric juice was larger than 25 ml and its pH was less than 2.5. Ranitidine concentration in this patient was below the effective level 2 hours after administration and it was above the level after 4 hours. We concluded that oral administration of ranitidine 300 mg, 4 hours preoperatively, could be more effective to prevent aspiration pneumonitis than when it is given 2 hours preoperatively.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

[Anesthetic induction of children with high concentrations of sevoflurane].

The induction and intubation with high concentrations of sevoflurane (4% or 6.4%) were investigated in 180 children with ages ranging from 1 to 6yr 12m. Average induction time (duration between the start of induction and loss of consciousness) with 4% sevoflurane was 56 sec and that with 6.4% was 47 sec. Eight patients out of 90, to whom 4% sevoflurane was applied, could not be intubated due to closure of vocal cord, cough or closure of mouth. The most serious side effect was convulsion during induction, of which incidence was 6% of all patients, and occurred more frequently with 6.4% sevoflurane. The convulsion spread from hand on one side to all over the body, and disappeared spontaneously within 30 sec. There was no significant side effect in cardiovascular system, such as hypotension, arrhythmia or bradycardia. In conclusion, smooth intubation was possible without use of muscle relaxants with high concentrations of sevoflurane. This can be one of the choices for induction of children, though there is a possibility of occurrence of convulsion.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1992

[Intraperitoneal chemotherapy of metastatic ovarian cancer].

Intraperitoneal chemotherapy with CDDP and other agents was instituted to treat 2 cases of metastatic ovarian cancer (developing in one case of gastric cancer and one of colon cancer). At first laparotomy, cytological examination of ascites revealed malignant cells in the 2 cases, and metastatic foci were noted in non-ovarian regions as well. Macroscopic peritoneal dissemination was apparent in the case of colon cancer. Following surgery, 5 courses of chemotherapy were given. The gastric cancer patient was treated with intraperitoneal CDDP and etoposide, while the colon cancer patient was placed on intraperitoneal CDDP therapy and continuous 5-FU iv. Clinical CR was 7 months in the former case and 10 in the latter. Although small metastatic foci were present in the posterior peritoneum in both cases at second laparotomy, distinct peritoneal dissemination had disappeared in the case of colon cancer. Cytologic examination of intraperitoneal washings proved to be negative for malignant cells in the gastric cancer case but positive in the colon cancer case. These findings indicated that although the effect was limited to clinical CR, intraperitoneal CDDP administration for metastatic ovarian cancer is effective for improving short-term prognosis.

Cisplatin↗
PubMed1992

[Apolipoprotein AI levels in cord blood].

Lipid is known to increase during pregnancy but the factors responsible for the change have not been established. In addition, the lipid concentration in preeclamptic pregnancy is significantly higher than in normal pregnancy. The apolipoproteins are an important determinant of metabolism and the structure of plasma lipoproteins. The 26 healthy pregnant women, the levels of cord apolipoprotein AI were determined by TIA methods. The cord and plasma apolipoprotein AI were 76.12 +/- 20.04 mg/dl (n = 26, mean +/- S.D.) and 190.50 +/- 18.84 mg/dl, respectively. Cord apolipoprotein levels correlated to maternal age (r = -0.12, p less than 0.05), maternal weight (r = -0.11, p less than 0.01), the gestational week (r = +0.42, p less than 0.01), infant weight (r = -0.01, p less than 0.05), placental weight (r = -0.03, p less than 0.05), and diastotlic blood pressure (r = +0.06, p less than 0.05). These data suggest that the measurement of cord apolipoprotein AI may be a useful factor in evaluating preeclamptic pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Apolipoprotein levels in preeclamptic pregnancies].

Lipoprotein is known to increase during pregnancy but the factors responsible for the change have not been established. In addition, the lipoprotein concentration in preeclamptic pregnancy is significantly higher than in normal pregnancy. The apolipoproteins are an important determinant of metabolism and the structure of plasma lipoproteins. In normal pregnancies, non pregnancies and preeclamptic pregnancies the levels of blood apolipoproteins AI, AII, B and E were determined by TIA methods. (1) In normal pregnancies, the concentrations of apolipoproteins AI, AII, B and E were 182.6 +/- 20.9 mg/dl (n = 12, mean +/- S.D.), 33.3 +/- 5.7 mg/dl, 128.6 +/- 20.8 mg/dl, and 6.8 +/- 1.9 mg/dl, respectively. (2) In the pregnancies, the concentrations of apolipoproteins AI, AII, B and E were 135.6 +/- 9.3 mg/dl (n = 5), 30.8 +/- 1.9 mg/dl, 76.0 +/- 19.7 mg/dl, and 4.4 +/- 0.7 mg/dl, respectively. (3) In the preeclamptic pregnancy, the concentrations of apolipoproteins AI, AII, B and E were 181.0 +/- 27.6 mg/dl (n = 22), 33.2 +/- 4.8 mg/dl, 145.7 +/- 41.6 mg/dl and 5.8 +/- 1.4 mg/dl, respectively. The concentration of apolipoprotein B in preeclamptic pregnancy was significantly higher (p less than 0.001) and apolipoprotein E was significantly lower (p less than 0.01) than in normal pregnancies. These data suggest that the measurement of apolipoprotein is useful for the evaluation of preeclamptic pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Possible involvement of 3-hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase in determining the side-chain length of ubiquinone in rat heart.

The biosynthetic mechanism for determining the side-chain length of ubiquinone in rat heart mitochondria was investigated. The biosynthesis of nonaprenyl ubiquinone (UQ-9) and decaprenyl ubiquinone (UQ-10) in the mitochondria from rat hearts previously perfused with mevalonolactone was accelerated depending on the concentration of mevalonolactone. Furthermore the synthesis ratio between UQ-10 and UQ-9 (UQ-10/UQ-9) increased in accordance with the increasing concentration of mevalonolactone used. In addition, an enhancement of the synthesis ratio (UQ-10/UQ-9) was observed when the rats were treated with isoproterenol to increase the activity of 3-hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase, a rate-limiting enzyme which forms mevalonate. Moreover, the addition of isopentenyl pyrophosphate, which is a metabolite of mevalonate, elevated the synthetic ratios UQ-10/UQ-9 in intact mitochondria and decaprenyl pyrophosphate/solanesyl pyrophosphate in the partially purified polyprenyl pyrophosphate synthetase from rat heart. These results suggest that the HMG-CoA reductase could be involved as a determining factor of the side-chain length of ubiquinone in rat heart.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Prenatal diagnosis of Duchenne muscular dystrophy by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis with pERT 87 intragenomic deoxyribonucleic acid probes.

Prenatal diagnosis of DMD was performed with three intragenic genomic probes and chorionic villus sampling. A total of 8 unrelated families with at least one DMD were analysed. DNA was extracted from peripheral white blood cells for carrier testings (50 individuals). For prenatal detection, it was extracted from chorionic villi obtained by chorionic villus sampling at 9 menstrual weeks. DNA was digested with an appropriate restriction enzyme followed by overnight electrophoresis in 1% agarose gels. DNA was transferred from the gel to nylon membrane according to the protocol of an alkaline transfer method. The pERT 87 probes were labeled by nick translation. The membranes were hybridized overnight after prehybridization. After washing, the membranes were exposed to X-ray films to make autoradiograms for restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Fetal sex was determined by a rapid screening test with a Y chromosome-specific repeat sequence. Out of 8 fetuses, 4 were males and 4 were females. All of 4 male fetuses were determined to be unaffected. Out of 4 female fetuses, 3 were diagnosed as non-carriers, and the carrier status of the remaining one was not able to be determined because her mother was not informative for all testings.

Chorionic Villi Sampling↗
PubMed1991

9-methyl-7-bromoeudistomin D, a powerful radio-labelable Ca++ releaser having caffeine-like properties, acts on Ca(++)-induced Ca++ release channels of sarcoplasmic reticulum.

9-Methyl-7-bromoeudistomin D (MBED), a derivative of eudistomin D isolated from a marine tunicate, induced Ca++ release from the heavy fraction of fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum (HSR) in the same way as that of caffeine, followed by spontaneous Ca++ reuptake in the Ca++ electrode experiment. The rate of 45Ca++ efflux from HSR vesicles was accelerated markedly by MBED or caffeine in a concentration-dependent manner. The 50% effective concentrations of MBED and caffeine were approximately 1 microM and 1 mM, respectively, indicating that MBED is 1000 times more potent than caffeine in HSR. Procaine, ruthenium red or Mg++ caused concentration-dependent inhibition of MBED-triggered Ca++ release from HSR. The bell-shaped profile of Ca++ dependence for MBED is very similar to that of caffeine. The caffeine-produced maximum response of 45Ca++ efflux was increased further by adenosine-5'-(beta, gamma-methyl-ene)triphosphate, whereas that was not changed by MBED. MBED also caused Ca++ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of chemically skinned fibers. These stimulatory effects of MBED on the Ca++ release from skeletal muscle SR were almost indistinguishable from those of caffeine except the difference in potencies. The [3H]ryanodine binding to junctional terminal cisternae membranes was not inhibited by MBED or caffeine. MBED did not cause Ca++ release from the light fraction of fragmented SR and turbidity change of mitochondrial suspension. These observations suggest a most likely idea that MBED binds to the caffeine-binding site in the Ca channel protein and thus produces the potentiation of Ca(++)-induced Ca++ release from SR.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Role of phosphatidic acid in carbachol-induced contraction in guinea pig Taenia coli.

Carbachol (CCh, 10(-8)-10(-4) M) increased in concentration-dependent manner the mass of phosphatidic acid (PA), but not the mass of diacylglycerol (DG) in the Taenia coli from guinea pig. The increase in the amount of PA caused by CCh was maintained for 20 min. Release of choline from choline phospholipids labeled with [methyl-3H]choline was not changed by CCh. A DG kinase inhibitor, R59022, inhibited the CCh-induced increase in the mass of PA. These results indicate that the increase in the mass of PA by CCh is due to immediate phosphorylation by DG kinase to PA, of the DG produced by phospholipase C (PLC). It is not due to formation of PA by the direct action of phospholipase D. CCh increased 45Ca2+ uptake into the tissue. R59022 inhibited the sustained phase of CCh-induced contraction and 45Ca2+ uptake into the tissue, but only slightly inhibited the initial phase of the CCh-induced contraction. This inhibition by R59022 may result from the inhibitory effect on the CCh-induced increase in PA. These results suggest that CCh activates both PLC and DG kinase and the resultant increase in the mass of PA contributes to the regulation of the sustained phase of CCh-induced contraction which is related to Ca2+ influx.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Assessment of tissue platinum concentration, X-ray computed tomogram, and microangiography after CDDP intraperitoneal administration in VX2 ovarian tumor].

After intraperitoneal administration of cis-diamine-dichloroplatinum, tissue Pt concentration, dynamic CT, and microangiography were estimated in white rabbit model having been transplanted with VX2 ovarian tumor. The high Pt concentration resulting from CDDP intraperitoneal administration was recognized in kidney, liver, and VX2 ovarian tumor. CT scans demonstrated that CDDP administration inhibited the development of VX2 tumor, revealing the appearance of small areas with no enhancement corresponding to necrotic regions in the tumor external rim. A tumor time-density curve showed a significantly delayed washout of the excretory phase following CDDP administration. Regarding microangiography models, tumor vessels of less than 30 microns decreased. It was suggested that the tumor microcirculation diminished because of the increased tissue pressure concomitant with tumor necrosis.

Angiography↗
PubMed1990

Possible existence of an intermediate pool of ubiquinone in rat heart mitochondria.

1. The existence of an intermediate pool of ubiquinone in intact mitochondria of rat heart was investigated. 2. The incorporation of [3H-methyl]S-adenosylmethionine into ubiquinone-9 was not influenced by the co-synthesis of the intermediate, 3-nonaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate. 3. In the intermediate-depleted mitochondria, the synthetic rate of the intermediate, 3-nonaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate was similar to that of ubiquinone. 4. The possible existence of 3-nonaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate as a metabolic pool under physiological condition is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Inhibition of ubiquinone synthesis in isolated rat heart under an ischemic condition.

1. The biosynthesis of ubiquinone (UQ) in isolated rat heart under ischemic and hypoxic conditions was investigated. 2. Under ischemic perfusion, a greater amount of biosynthetic intermediates, 3-nonaprenyl and 3-decaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate (PPHBs) was accumulated and a smaller amount of UQ-9 and -10 was synthesized when compared with normal conditions. 3. The accumulation of PPHBs was observed without forming UQs during anaerobic perfusion. 4. Hydroxylation which is the following reaction of PPHBs for the biosynthesis of UQ in rat heart, was proceeded by the monooxygenase(s) depending upon the oxygen concentrations.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

The treatment of unruptured tubal pregnancy with intratubal methotrexate injection under laparoscopic control.

Nine patients with unruptured tubal pregnancies of 6-9 weeks' duration were treated with methotrexate intratubal injection under laparoscopic control. Urinary hCG levels decreased immediately after completion of the procedure, with a median time of 11 days (range 1-29) to resolution. Tubal patency on the side of the ectopic gestation was confirmed by hysterosalpingography 1-3 months after the procedure in all cases. This method requires a reduced methotrexate dosage compared with intramural or intravenous therapy. The indications are unruptured tubal pregnancy of 4 cm or less in diameter and urinary hCG levels of 8000 mIU/mL or lower.

Adult↗