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Biomedical subjects

K Mochizuki

Publications and source records attributed to K Mochizuki.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Incidence of delayed onset infection after trabeculectomy with adjunctive mitomycin C or 5-fluorouracil treatment.

AIMS/BACKGROUND: The introduction of the adjunctive use of antiproliferatives to trabeculectomy has greatly improved the success rate of this operation. Trabeculectomy with antiproliferative treatment, however, is usually associated with a cystic and thin walled filtering bleb, which may be more susceptible to infection. The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence, clinical findings, and risk factors of delayed onset, bleb related infection after trabeculectomy with adjunctive mitomycin C (MMC) or 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment. METHODS: The records of 632 glaucoma patients who underwent 966 trabeculectomies, with and without the use of adjunctive MMC or 5-FU treatment, between January 1985 and February 1995 were analysed. The mean follow up period was 3.5 (2.4) years (range 0.1 to 11.2 years). The mean patient age was 54.8 (18.8) years (range 0 to 88 years). RESULTS: Bleb related infection occurred in one of 76 trabeculectomies that did not receive antiproliferatives (1.3%), three of 228 treated with 5-FU (1.3%) trabeculectomies, and seven of 662 treated with MMC (1.1%). Five eyes developed blebitis; six eyes developed endophthalmitis. Bleb related infection developed an average of 3.1 (1.6) (range 0.4 to 6.0) years after trabeculectomy. All eyes had avascular or hypovascular blebs that were cystic in shape before infection and all eyes had reduced intraocular pressure. Early wound leaks and chronic, intermittent bleb leaks were identified to be risk factors for the bleb related infection. CONCLUSION: The incidence of delayed onset, bleb related infection after trabeculectomy with antiproliferative treatment is similar to that after trabeculectomy without antiproliferatives.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Improvement of inter-assay for the standardization of PT and TT--clinical significance of local standardization method].

We performed a nationwide Inter-assay including 112 laboratories for the standardization of prothrombin time (PT) and thrombotest (TT). The data were expressed as seconds, percentile and INR. INR was expressed by 2 methods; Method I (conventional method): INR was expressed using each ISI assigned for reagent or reagent-instrument at the respective laboratories and Method II (local standardization method): INR was expressed using each reference curve created with INR assigned standard plasmas at the respective laboratories. (1) Sample distribution of PT as well as TT was the smallest with the data expressed by Method II followed by Method I and then by percentile. The data expressed by seconds was widely distributed and not useful for the standardization of PT and TT. (2) Even the sample distribution obtained by Method II was dependent on the different ISI of the reagents, as it was found that the larger the ISI of the reagents, the wider the distribution of data. (3) The difference between PT and TT of each test plasma was analysed by t-test. It was found that the difference was insignificant when both data were expressed by Method II, but significant when expressed by Method I, suggesting that PT and TT were interchangeable with the use of Method II. (4) Sample distribution of percentile expression and INR with the use of method II was compared. It was revealed that the sample distribution of INR was smaller than that of percentile. It was concluded that INR expressed by the local standardization method was most useful for the standardization of PT and TT.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

Class-switching of the IgM type anti-adenocarcinoma human antibody HB4C5 into an IgG1 type resulted in the loss of the antigen binding ability.

The heavy and light chain genes (mu and lambda) of the human anti-adenocarcinoma monoclonal antibody HB4C5 (MAb-C5) were cloned from the human-human hybridoma cell line HB4C5 and co-expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and COS-7 cells. ELISA assay and the RI imaging of the cancer tissue xenografted into nude mice showed that the recombinant MAb-C5 retained the original antigen binding activity. We then replaced the IgM constant region of the MAb-C5 heavy chain gene with the human IgG1 constant region gene and co-expressed it with the light chain gene. This recombination was confirmed by a complete DNA sequencing and Western-blot analysis. Despite the fact that the DNA sequence, the expressed protein size, and the assembly of heavy and light chains were indicated to be normal, the IgG1 type MAb-C5 could not bind to the original antigen. This result suggest that this antibody alters its antigen binding property upon class-switching.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

Self-control and the Type A behavior pattern.

A laboratory experiment was conducted to investigate self-control features of the Type A behavior pattern. The results indicated that the Type A subjects, high on the speed/impatient factor, had more difficulty in waiting for the larger delayed reward than non-Type As and chose the small reward available immediately. The results are discussed in terms of a conceptualization of Type As' poor self-control skills.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Fas antigen expression in liver tissues of patients with chronic hepatitis B.

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus-infected cells can be eliminated by the cytotoxic T cell-mediated immune reaction. Fas ligand, recently detected on the surface of cytotoxic T cell, is thought to induce cells to apoptosis by adhering to Fas antigen. AIMS/METHODS: To evaluate the role of Fas antigen and apoptosis in chronic hepatitis B, we immunohistochemically studied Fas antigen and HBsAg expression in liver samples from patients with hepatitis B virus infection. RESULTS: In samples from 56 HBV patients, Fas antigen was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm (partly at the membrane) of hepatocytes, and these positive cells were detected especially at the periportal region near "piecemeal necrosis". According to Knodell's HAI scoring system, the scores of periportal inflammation and necrosis (category I) and the scores of intralobular inflammation and necrosis (category II) were similarly higher in Fas antigen-positive cases than in Fas antigen-negative cases (p < 0.01), and there was a positive correlation between these scores and the degree of Fas antigen expression. In normal cases, Fas antigen was not detected. In patients with HBV infection, Fas antigen expression was closely correlated with the activity of the viral hepatitis. HBsAg was expressed by the majority of hepatocytes. However, Fas antigen was expressed by fewer hepatocytes than the number of HBsAg-positive cells. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the expression of Fas antigen may not be triggered only by HBV infection, and immunological interaction may be needed for the expression and for apoptosis to occur.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

The heterogeneous interaction of substoichiometric TNP-ATP and F1-ATPase from Escherichia coli.

The interactions of substoichiometric TNP-ATP and F1-ATPase from Escherichia coli (EF1) were examined and compared with those in the case of mitochondrial F1-ATPase (MF1) and F1-ATPase from thermophilic Bacillus PS3 (TF1). EF1 hydrolyzed substoichiometric TNP-ATP faster than TF1 or MF1, although some 20% of the TNP-ATP remained unhydrolyzed even in the presence of excess chase ATP. The affinity of the catalytic site of EF1 for the product, TNP-ADP, was weaker than that of TF1 or MF1, and the TNP-ADP was readily released upon addition of excess ATP. The amplitude of the difference absorption spectrum induced by binding of TNP-AT(D)P to EF1 was smaller than that of MF1 or TF1 under similar experimental conditions. When an excess amount of TNP-ATP was added to EF1 and the change of the difference spectrum was measured, the shape of the difference spectrum of the ATP-replaceable fraction was very similar to that in the case of binding of TNP-ATP to the isolated beta subunit of TF1, indicating that the rapidly replaceable fraction of bound TNP-ATP was actually at the catalytic site and most of the non-replaceable portion was bound at noncatalytic sites. Weaker affinity of the catalytic site for TNP-ATP may account for the heterogeneous binding and hydrolysis under the conditions described in this paper.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1996

Effect of in vitro aging on Campylobacter rectus lipopolysaccharide-stimulated PGE2 release from human gingival fibroblasts.

OBJECTIVE: We examined the influence of in vitro aging on Campylobacter rectus (C. rectus) lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated prostaglandin (PG), E2 release frOm human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: LPS was prepared from C. rectus ATCC33238. HGFs were established from healing gingival tissue removed from three patients (donors A, B and C), aged 10-12 years. Aging of the cells in culture was determined with increasing population doubling. The cells were cultured until confluence, then stimulated with LPS (1.0 micrograms ml-1), and the levels of PGE2 in the medium were measured after 24 h by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: The LPS-stimulated PGE2 production in each old cell (passage 17-20) was significantly increased to about 1.6-2.6 times than that in the corresponding young cells (passage 5-6). The gene expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA in the old cells was higher than that in the young cells in response to LPS. In the absence of LPS, PGE2 production levels in both the young and old cells were very low, and also at the same level. However, there was a higher level of LPS-stimulated PGE2 production in the young cells from donor C compared to that in the old cells from donor B. The LPS-stimulated PGE2 production in each young cell from donors A and C was almost equal to that in each old cell from donors B and A, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that aging in HGFs may be one of the factors that take part in the stimulation of C. rectus LPS-stimulated PGE2 production in old cells.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1996

Epithelial barrier function of the filtering bleb conjunctiva and the cornea after trabeculectomy with mitomycin C.

PURPOSE: To evaluate epithelial barrier function of the filtering bleb conjunctiva and the cornea after trabeculectomy with adjunct, intraoperative mitomycin C, by using a newly developed slit-lamp fluorophotometer. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Thirteen patients with normal-tension glaucoma with a cystic filtering bleb who had undergone unilateral trabeculectomy with mitomycin C only once at least 1 year previously were subjected to the study. Epithelial barrier function of the bleb conjunctiva and the cornea in the operated eye was evaluated using an Anterior Fluorometer FL-500 to measure the uptake of topically applied fluorescein. RESULTS: Fluorescein uptake (nanograms per milliliter, mean +/- standard error) by the bleb conjunctiva (1,857 +/- 380) was not significantly different from either the uptake by the superior bulbar conjunctiva in the operated eyes, located approximately 90 degrees C away from the filtering bleb (1,974 +/- 258), or the uptake by the conjunctiva in the intact eyes, located symmetrically against the bleb (1,913 +/- 248). The corneal uptake in the operated eye (56.1 +/- 10.2) was not significantly different from that in the intact eye (53.5 +/- 8.3). CONCLUSIONS: Epithelial barrier function of the cystic filtering bleb conjunctiva and the cornea long after trabeculectomy with mitomycin C was demonstrated to be almost identical to that of the control.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Effects of intravitreal levofloxacin on the rabbit retina].

Effects of intravitreal injection of levofloxacin (LVFX) on the electroretinogram (ERG), visual evoked potential (VEP), and retinal histology were studied in 23 albino and 23 pigmented rabbits to establish the non-toxic intravitreal dosage of LVFX. Doses of 200, 500, 1,000 or 2,000 micrograms of LVFX were injected intravitreally. The ERG and VEP were recorded before injection, and 3 hours, 2 days, 1 week, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after injection. The oscillatory potential transiently deteriorated with 1,000 and 2,000 micrograms doses of LVFX in albino and pigmented rabbits. No ERG changes were observed with 200 and 500 micrograms doses. No abnormal changes were observed in the VEP or retinal histology with any doses of LVFX. These results indicate that intravitreal injections of 200 and 500 micrograms of LVFX are nontoxic to the rabbit retina.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Lung cancer-reacting human recombinant antibody AE6F4: potential usefulness in the sputum cytodiagnosis.

Human monoclonal antibody (hMAb) AE6F4 has been shown to be potentially useful for immunocytological detection of lung cancer cells in sputum. By recombinant DNA technology, IgM type hMAb AE6F4 was switched to lgG. The IgG mimic recombinant AE6F4 antibody expression plasmid was assembled using the antibody heavy chain gene, which ligated the gene encoding VH and CH1(mu) domains of hMAb AE6F4 heavy chain to the gene encoding CH2(gamma 1) and CH3(gamma 1) domains of human IgG heavy chain, and the antibody light chain gene of hMAb AE6F4. The recombinant antibody expressed by baby hamster kidney (BHK)-21 cells showed molecular size equivalence to IgG, and consisted of human mu-gamma hybrid heavy and kappa light chains. The immunological specificity of the recombinant antibody was the same as that of hMAb AE6F4 by immunoblotting analysis to the 14-3-3 protein, the putative antigen of hMAb AE6F4, and by immunohistochemical and immunocytological analyses using tissue sections and sputa of lung cancer patients. The transfected BHK-21 cells produced the recombinant antibody persistently and the productivity was greater than 20 times that by human-human hybridoma producing hMAb AE6F4.

14-3-3 Proteins↗
PubMed1996

Clinical and histological observations of continuously formed bilateral mandibular deciduous central incisor roots after traumatic coronal destruction.

We encountered a rare case of continuously forming bilateral mandibular deciduous central incisor roots after traumatic coronal destruction. The patient, 3 year 3 month old boy, had sustained an external injury which had caused the crowns of hist bilateral deciduous central incisors to fall out when he was 12 months old. Oral examination revealed two small, hard tissues resembling tooth structures on the alveolar ridge in the area of the lost mandibular central incisors. X-ray examination revealed them to be deciduous central incisor roots. We observed the extracted roots histologically and found that the lesion of the crown fracture and pulpal exposure on these roots was completely covered by newly formed irregular dentin and cementoid tissues. In this case, the causes of the continuous root formation were considered to be that the pulp tissues of traumatized teeth were able survive, so the injured lesion was quickly healed and covered with gingival tissue. The vital pulp produced the reparative hard tissue, sealing the site of pulpal exposure and continuing root formation after the trauma.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1995

Effects of norfloxacin on the retina in rabbits.

BACKGROUND: Fluoroquinolones have a strong affinity with melanin, and their ocular effects have been reevaluated. Norfloxacin, one of the fluoroquinolones, has broad-spectrum activity against aerobic gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. We examined the retinal toxicity and intraocular pharmacokinetics of intravitreal norfloxacin in rabbits. METHODS: Twenty-three albino and 23 pigmented rabbits were divided into three groups to evaluate retinal toxicity and two groups to investigate the intraocular pharmacokinetics. Each of these five groups was further divided into two subgroups (albino rabbits and pigmented rabbits). RESULTS: With 500 micrograms norfloxacin, the oscillatory potential of the electroretinogram was transiently and selectively deteriorated in albino and pigmented rabbits, whereas the electroretinogram remained unchanged with 50 micrograms in pigmented rabbits. No changes were observed in the visual evoked potential or on histology of the retina 7 days after an intravitreal injection of 50 or 500 micrograms norfloxacin. The electroretinogram and the retinal histology became abnormal 7 days after four intravitreal injections of 500 micrograms norfloxacin at 7-day intervals. As regards the intraocular pharmacokinetics after an intravitreal injection, the norfloxacin concentration in the chorioretina was as high as that in the vitreous 3 h after injection and was much higher than that in the vitreous 7 days after injection. Similar results were obtained after multiple injections. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate a high concentration of norfloxacin in the melanin-containing ocular tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Changes in the concentration and distribution of lipoprotein (a) in plasma after fat intake.

To clarify the association between apo(a) and TG-rich lipoproteins, we studied changes in plasma Lp(a) concentration and apo(a) distribution in lipoprotein fractions after fat intake. The subjects were 15 hyperlipidemic patients and 3 healthy volunteers with fasting Lp(a) concentrations ranging from 2.5-52 mg/dl. They were given a fatty meal (50 g fat/m2 and 60 mg retinyl palmitate) after a 12-hour overnight fast and venous blood samples were taken at 0, 3, 4.5, 6, 7.5, 9, 12 and 24 hours. Fractions of sf > 400, sf 20-400 and d > 1.006 g/ml were isolated from plasma samples by ultracentrifugation. Plasma Lp(a) levels increased transiently at 4.5 hours, decreased between 4.5 and 12 hours, and recovered almost to initial levels by the next morning. Plasma Lp(a) peaked before the plasma RP peak appeared. Apo(a) associated with TG-rich lipoprotein fractions increased and apo(a) in the d > 1.006 fraction decreased after fat intake in most of the subjects, suggesting the transfer of apo(a) from the d > 1.006 fraction to the TG-rich lipoproteins. The increase in TG-rich lipoprotein apo(a) correlated with the RP area under the curve (r=0.79, p<0.05) and the decrease in d > 1.006 apo(a) (r = 0.80, p < 0.05). This distributional change of apo(a) after fat intake was confirmed by gel filtration and density gradient ultracentrifugation. Transfer of apo(a) from the main Lp(a) fraction of the plasma obtained from a subject with a high Lp(a)level to the TG-rich lipoprotein fraction of the plasma obtained 4.5 hours after fat intake from a subject with a low plasma Lp(a) level was also shown in vitro by density gradient ultracentrifugation. Our studies revealed a significant association between apo(a) and TG-rich lipoproteins in the postprandial. Further studies are necessary to clarify the pathophysiological role of Lp(a) in TG-rich lipoproteins.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

A human monoclonal antibody to carbohydrate moiety of carcinoembryonic antigen.

Hybridoma BSRF-S-97, secreting a human monoclonal antibody of IgG1 subclass reactive to the carcinoembryonic antigen, was generated by fusing the regional lymph node lymphocytes from a cervical cancer patient with RF-S1 human-mouse heteromyeloma fusion line. This monoclonal antibody was found specifically reactive to carinoembryonic antigen-producing cell lines, including those of cervical cancer (SKG-II), mucinous type ovarian cancer (RMUG-L), stomach cancer (MKN-45), and lung cancer (PC-10). The monoclonal antibody reactivity with pepsin- and periodate-treated carcinoembryonic antigen demonstrated that this monoclonal antibody recognizes the carbohydrate moiety of carcinoembryonic antigen specifically. Possibilities of the monoclonal antibody reaction with mucin and blood-group antigens were excluded by the comparative studies with a placental mucin-containing protein which reacted with carcinoembryonic antigen-specific rabbit polyclonal antibody. The monoclonal antibody conjugated with Pseudomonas exotoxin showed potent regression effects on the growth of the MKN-45 cell line in both the dish culture and xenografted nude mice, indicating potential usefulness of this human monoclonal antibody as a promising tumor targeting vehicle.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Purification and some properties of a novel racemase, which racemizes 2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid and 5-oxoproline, from Flectobacillus sp. strain B-1.

A novel racemase active toward 2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid was purified 310-fold with 5% recovery to near homogeneity from a crude extract of Flectobacillus sp. B-1, which had been isolated as a bacterium being able to assimilate (S)-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid. The molecular weight was estimated to be 92,000 by gel filtration. The purified preparation migrated as a single band of molecular weight 49,000 upon SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzyme exhibited maximum activity at pH 8.0 and 45 degrees C. The enzyme also racemized 5-oxoproline but did not act on proline and 4-hydroxyproline. The enzyme apparently had no coenzyme requirement. The enzyme activity was inhibited to 62-100% by SH-blocking reagents such as HgCl2, AgNO3, PCMB, iodoacetamide, N-ethylmaleimide and N-bromosuccinimide.

Bacillus↗