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Biomedical subjects

K Miyoshi

Publications and source records attributed to K Miyoshi.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

An ultrastructural study of Pick bodies.

We report the results of an ultrastructural study of Pick bodies (PB). A histogram constructed with the maximal width of each filamentous component in PB revealed a wide range of sizes among the filaments, in contrast to the unique composition of the paired helical filaments (PHF) seen in the neurofibrillary tangle of Alzheimer type (NFT-AT). Morphologically, three groups of filaments could be distinguished. The first group consisted of straight smooth-surfaced filaments of 10-14 nm diameter, which were presumably altered neurofilaments. The second one was of straight smooth-surfaced "tubules" of 15-22 nm diameter, smaller than normal microtubules. The third one was of PHF thought to be formed by a pair of filaments of the first group. The PHF found in PB differed from PHF of NFT-AT in the distance between crossovers, and rather resembled the loosely interwinding PHF reported in NFT of progressive supranuclear palsy.

Cerebral Cortex↗
PubMed1984

Ultrastructural observations on the vincristine-induced neuronal crystalloid inclusion in young rats.

Vincristine-induced crystalloid inclusions were examined in the neurons and neuronal processes of young rats by the electron microscope (EM) equipped with a tilting stage. Using a computer system that reproduces three-dimensional organization, an optical transformation method was applied to the microtubules and neurofilaments in an attempt to clarify the morphological appearance and internal pattern of crystalloid inclusions. The dimensional models obtained were compared with actual EM photographs, and the characteristic ultrastructural component and morphology were drawn out. Basically, a crystalloid inclusion is composed of four strands of intermediate 10 nm neurofilaments connected to one another by four side-arms producing a circular profile on a transverse section. These four side-arms seemed to arise from nodules within the filaments at regular intervals simulating a bead-like appearance. These data did not significantly differ from those obtained from EM images. Characteristically, these crystalloid inclusions began to appear 6 h after the administration of 10(-3) M vincristine sulfate and persisted up to a period of 6 days. Beyond that, however, these inclusions were no longer demonstrable suggesting a transient state. This was in contrast to neurofibrillary tangles which appeared to be permanent changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Unusual paired helical filaments in progressive supranuclear palsy.

Unusual paired helical filaments (PHF) coexisting with single filaments were observed in neurofibrillary degeneration (NFD) in the globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, substantia nigra, and pontine tegmentum of a typical case of progressive supra-nuclear palsy (PSP). Each filament had a diameter of 10-12 nm and showed central low density and a smooth contour. The thickest portion of a pair was 22-24 nm in diameter. The periodicity of twist varied from 150 nm to 300 nm, but each PHF had regular periodicity. The present ultrastructural finding is unusual in the neurofibrillary pathology of PSP, and is also different from the PHF found in Alzheimer type NFD.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1983

Development of responses by facial expressions and eye movements in neonates and young infants.

Eye movements and facial expressions were assessed in 177 normal neonates and infants under 150 days of age after the examiner gazed into their eyes for 20 seconds. Blinking to a threatening stimulus and turning of the eyes towards a red object near the examiner's face were tested. The eye movements abruptly changed from fine nystagmoid movements to distinct rolling movements suggesting observation of the examiner's face after 70-80 days of age. Rapid turning of the eyes towards the red object also appeared from the same age, while blinking developed gradually after 40 days of age. Most infants under 80-90 days of age knitted their brows and showed esophoria in response to the examiner's face or facial movements, but such responses gradually disappeared after 90 days of age when social smiles developed. Eye movements and facial expressions during early infancy are very informative in developmental evaluations.

Blinking↗
PubMed1983

The presence of myoglobin in human thyroid tissue.

In the present study we sought to determine the presence of myoglobin in human thyroid tissue. When reacted with antihuman myoglobin antibody on the Ouchterlony plate, homogenates of human thyroid tissue formed a precipitation line. When the human thyroid extract was included in human myoglobin RIA, the dilution curve of thyroid extract was parallel to the standard curve of myoglobin. When the myoglobin immunoreactivity in thyroid extract was fractionated with Sephadex G 75 column, the immunoreactivity was eluted in a peak identical with authentic myoglobin. The position of the peak was different from that of thyroglobulin. Myoglobin concentration in thyroid tissue was estimated to be 0.7-110 mg/g wet wt, being about 1/6000 to 1/40 of that in skeletal muscle. Histochemical studies demonstrated the presence of myoglobin immunoreactivity in thyroid tissue, especially in the apical border of thyroid epithelial cells, implying a functional role in iodinating process or exocytotic-endocytotic process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Double-blind comparison of cefadroxil and cephalexin granules in the treatment of impetigo].

A double-blind clinical comparison of cefadroxil granules (CDX) and a long-acting preparation of cephalexin granules (L-CEX) was conducted in the treatment of impetigo in children. The long-acting cephalexin preparation was composed of 3 parts of granules soluble in the stomach and 7 parts of those soluble in the intestine. Drugs were administered at 3 different doses depending on the body weight of patients (Group I: less than 10 kg, Group II: between 10 kg and 20 kg, Group III: over 20 kg). Overall clinical evaluation by attending doctors: CDX group scored slightly better but not statistically significant results. Evaluation of usefulness: CDX group scored slightly better but not statistically significant results. Partially standardized evaluation: CDX scored statistically significantly higher points in the evaluation of total cases and Group II on Day 5, and Group II on Day 7. Cumulative points through Day 5 and Day 7 were not statistically significant. Follow-up evaluation by attending doctors: CDX group got a better result in total cases and Group II on day 3, and in total cases on days 5 and 7. Otherwise there was no statistically significant difference. Incidence of side effects was not significantly different between the 2 drug groups. As shown in Fig. 1, CDX was administered on rising in the morning, after lunch, and at bed time whereas L-CEX was given on rising and at bed time when the patients were relatively in fasting condition. This may have reduced the expected merit of L-CEX and some reserve is required in the interpretations of the results shown herein.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Gastroscopic biopsy of the stomach for the diagnosis of amyloidosis.

1. Amyloid deposition was investigated in the biopsied specimens obtained from the stomachs of suspected cases of amyloidosis. The subjects were seven cases of suggestive amyloidosis with clinical symptoms of muscle rigidity, masked face, macroglossia and B-J proteinuria. The stomach of an autopsied amyloidosis patient was also investigated. 2. Mucosal tissue was obtained from fundus, corpus and antrum of the stomach using gastrofiberscope, Olympus GFB2. And amyloid in the tissue was detected by H & E Congo red staining and polarization microscopy. Rectal biopsy was also done in the majority of the cases to compare with stomach biopsy. 3. Positive results were obtained with gastric biopsy in all seven cases and five of the 5 cases by rectal biopsy. Thus, gastric and rectal biopsy yielded the same results so far as detection of amyloid deposition was concerned. 4. Biopsy specimens from several sites of the stomach gave similar results in regard to the amyloid deposition. Tissue deposition of amyloid in the stomach wall showed a somewhat high incidence in the walls of intramucosal capillaries and in the walls of blood vessels of lamina muscularies mucosa. Gastroscopic biopsy of the stomach proved to be useful as a routine technique for the definite diagnosis of the disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Production in Escherichia coli of biologically active secretin, a gastrointestinal hormone.

A synthetic gene for porcine secretin was ligated with Pst I-cleaved pBR322 by its flanking synthetic Pst I linkers to produce a fused protein consisting of an amino-terminal portion of beta-lactamase and an entire secretin molecule. The hybrid plasmid was transferred into competent Escherichia coli cells. The plasmids, which were proved in our investigation to contain the secretin gene in the desired orientation, were then screened for the production of secretin. This was shown by radioimmunoassay and gel electrophoretic analysis of the polypeptides that were synthesized in E. coli minicells transformed with the hybrid plasmids. Secretin so produced, whose carboxy terminal residue may not be amidated in contrast with natural porcine secretin, showed the same activity in stimulating pancreatic secretion in a bioassay with anesthetized rats as does natural secretin.

DNA Restriction Enzymes↗
PubMed1982

Effect of benzodiazepine derivatives on amygdaloid-kindled convulsion.

An evaluation of the anticonvulsant effect of five kinds of benzodiazepine derivatives using amygdaloid-kindled rats yielded the following pharmacological properties of benzodiazepine derivatives: (1) Bromazepam, lorazepam and nitrazepam block the behavioral seizure response and also shorten the after-discharge duration simultaneously in both primary and secondary epileptogenic foci. (2) Diazepam has little effect on shortening the after-discharge duration at least in the primary epileptogenic focus though it blocks the behavioral seizure response. (3) Although clonazepam can block the behavioral seizure response and shorten the after-discharge duration, further investigations are necessary to define its efficacy.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1982

Diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma with deafness.

Two brothers with diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma (Thost-Unna type) also were deaf. Of the 38 members of the patients' family, five had a similar disorder and ten had only hearing loss. The mode of inheritance of the dermatosis is regarded as autosomal dominant and is diagnostically distinguished from the other dermatoses associated with the disturbance of keratinization and deafness. To our knowledge, this is the second report of diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma (Thost-Unna type) with deafness, which is considered to be a new variant of the keratodermatoses.

Adult↗