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Biomedical subjects

K Miyazaki

Publications and source records attributed to K Miyazaki.

At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Hepatolithiasis in East Asia. Retrospective study.

Hepatolithiasis is a major disease in Asia but differences in operative incidence between countries have not been examined. A retrospective study was conducted in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore, and the results were compared with those in Japan with the aim of defining factors involved in the etiology of the condition. In order to ensure uniformity of the data collected, the same form was used throughout the study and was completed by the same personnel after reviewing the patient's record and radiographs in each case. The years 1976-1980 were chosen for the study, since the newer methods of diagnosis such as ultrasound, endoscopic retrograde cholangiography, and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography became available during that period. The most significant finding was the difference in the relative prevalence of hepatolithiasis as a proportion of all gallstone cases in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore, where the majority of the population consisted of patients of Chinese descent. The highest prevalence, 53.5%, was found in Taiwan, while in Hong Kong it was 3.1% and in Singapore 1.7%. Environmental rather than ethnic factors are implicated in the cause of hepatolithiasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Aberrant insulinoma in the duodenum.

A rare case of aberrant insulinoma in the duodenum is described. Hyperinsulinemia with typical hypoglycemic symptoms was induced by prolonged fasting. Selective angiography demonstrated a tumor supplied from the first branch of the jejunal artery, and duodenoscopy revealed a submucosal tumor at the third portion of the duodenum. An increase in venous plasma immunoreactive insulin concentration was evident in the vein draining from the tumor, by sampling through percutaneous transhepatic catheterization. Hypoglycemia was ameliorated after the removal of the submucosal tumor of the duodenum. Histologic and immunocytochemical characterization of the tumor showed an insulinoma, predominantly composed of cells with typical B-cell-like granules. The acid extract of the tumor contained 1.2 U/g of insulin, and this insulin, analyzed by reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography, revealed that it had the same amino acid structure as that of human insulin.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1986

Small cell carcinoma of the endometrium associated with adenosquamous carcinoma: a light and electron microscopic study.

This report describes a 64-year-old woman with a primary small cell carcinoma of the endometrium associated with adenosquamous carcinoma. The light microscopic features resembled those of small cell carcinoma of the lung and those of the uterine cervix, and foci of adenosquamous carcinoma lay scattered sparsely in the small cell carcinoma. Electron microscopy revealed cytoplasmic neurosecretory type granules. The neoplasm behaved in a very aggressive manner such that at 3 months after surgery a metastatic neoplasm appeared in the vagina. This case is a rare example of an endometrial carcinoma with differentiation toward endocrine as well as adeno and squamous cell carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

High plasma cholecystokinin response following ingestion of test meal by patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.

Postprandial responses of plasma cholecystokinin (CCK) in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) were studied with a CCK specific radioimmunoassay. After the ingestion of a liquid test meal, plasma CCK levels increased from the basal level of 9.8 +/- 1.1 pg/ml to a peak of 19.4 +/- 1.8 pg/ml at 20 min in healthy subjects (n = 10). The ingestion of a test meal in patients with NIDDM (n = 10) resulted in a significantly greater increase of plasma CCK than in healthy subjects and a significant increase of plasma CCK from a basal level of 14.2 +/- 4.4 pg/ml to a peak of 47.4 +/- 12.4 pg/ml at 10 min.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Endoscopic sphincterotomy in patients with difficult cannulation: use of an antegrade guide.

Difficulty in introducing a sphincterotome into the common bile duct remains a problem in the technique of endoscopic sphincterotomy. An antegrade guide passed through a percutaneous transhepatic catheter or a choledochal tube was successfully used to help retrograde insertion of the sphincterotome in 6 patients with difficult cannulation. This method is a safer and simpler alternative to precutting, decreasing the risk of acute pancreatitis. Also, when the papilla is located inside a diverticulum and difficult to reach by endoscopy, the antegrade guide is helpful for bringing it out of the diverticulum, allowing one to enter the common bile duct with the cutting probe.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Purification and properties of epithelial growth inhibitor (EGI) from human platelets: its separation from type beta transforming growth factor (TGF-beta).

We previously reported that sera from various kinds of animals contain a protein(s) capable of inhibiting the growth of the non-malignant epithelial cell line derived from Buffalo rat liver (BRL). In the present study, a similar epithelial cell-specific growth inhibitor (EGI) was purified to homogeneity from an acid-ethanol extract of human platelets. During purification, EGI was separated from the major component of type beta transforming growth factor (TGF-beta), which can stimulate the colony formation of the non-malignant fibroblastic cell line derived from rat kidney (NRK) in soft agar in the presence of epidermal growth factor (EGF). The purified EGI had an Mr of 27,000, and was composed of two subunits identical in Mr. It significantly inhibited the growth in monolayer cultures of three non-malignant epithelial cell lines, BRL, MDCK (from Madin-Darby canine kidney) and BSC-1 (from African green monkey kidney), at doses lower than 40 pg/ml in medium containing 10% fetal calf serum. Its inhibitory activity was stable against heating at 90 degrees C for 3 min, but not against treatment with 50 mM dithiothreitol. In addition, TGF-beta was also partially purified from the same extract. The purified TGF-beta did not show any inhibitory activity toward the growth of BRL, MDCK, BSC-1, or NRK.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1986

Interaction of tertiary amines and quaternary ammonium compounds with gastrointestinal mucin.

The binding property of some tertiary amines (chlorpromazine, promethazine and imipramine) and quaternary ammonium compounds (propantheline, mepenzolate and butylscopolamine) for gastric mucin was investigated. All tertiary amines tested bound gastric mucin to varying extents, and the binding of chlorpromazine was especially strong. Moreover, the absorption behaviors of chlorpromazine in rat intestinal loops was significantly inhibited in the presence of gastric mucin. On the contrary, all quaternary ammonium compounds tested did not bind gastric mucin and the absorption of propantheline was not affected in the presence of gastric mucin. These results suggested that gastrointestinal mucin produced a significant effect on the bioavailability of these tertiary amines after oral administration.

Amines↗
PubMed1986

Weak arrhythmogenic property of the new cardiotonic agent denopamine in dogs: comparison with catecholamines.

We studied the arrhythmogenic activity of denopamine, in relation to its positive inotropic action, in dogs and compared it with those of catecholamines. The positive inotropic activities of the compounds as expressed in terms of the ED100 (microgram/kg, i.v.), that increased LV dp/dt max of anesthetized dogs by 100% of the control were 8.0 for denopamine, 0.27 for norepinephrine, 0.03 for isoproterenol, 3.8 for dobutamine and 16 for dopamine. On the other hand, the doses of these drugs at which the "non-sinus/total rate" increased significantly (about 30% of total beats, microgram/kg, i.v.) were more than 1000 for denopamine, 1.0 for norepinephrine and isoproterenol, and 300 for dobutamine and dopamine in coronary ligated dogs. The ratios of these doses to the ED100 are more than 126 for denopamine, 80 for dobutamine, 33 for isoproterenol, 19 for dopamine and 3.8 for norepinephrine. Arrhythmogenic activity of denopamine was also weaker than those of dobutamine and dopamine in halothane anesthetized dogs. The arrhythmogenic activity of dobutamine was weak as reported, but that of denopamine was the weakest among the drugs tested.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Plasma somatostatin-like immunoreactivity responses to a mixed meal and the heterogeneity in healthy and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetics.

Peripheral plasma somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI) was estimated in non-extracted plasma using a specific somatostatin-14 (SS-14) antiserum. The basal plasma SLI level in healthy subjects (n = 18) was 43 +/- 2.9 pg/ml (mean +/- SE) and rose significantly to 8.3 +/- 2.7, 7.3 +/- 1.1 and 5.8 +/- 2.1 pg/ml above the mean basal level 20, 30, and 40 min after a mixed meal, respectively (P less than 0.05). Basal plasma SLI levels in diet (n = 8), sulfonyl urea (n = 8), and insulin groups (n = 8) of non-insulin-dependent maturity onset diabetics (NIDDM) were 50 +/- 1.6, 59 +/- 4.5, and 74 +/- 5.8 pg/ml, respectively. The basal levels for patients with NIDDM were significantly higher than those for healthy subjects (P less than 0.05). No significant increases in plasma SLI were observed after a mixed meal in any group of NIDDM subjects. Elevated plasma SLI levels are considered to be closely related to the severity of the diabetes. The ratios of SS-14 and SS-28 to the total amount of basal plasma SLI were analyzed using high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The ratio of SS-14 to the total SLI was 71-80% in healthy subjects. The ratio of SS-28 to the total SLI increased from 26-30% in the diet group to 50-55% in the group on insulin. These findings suggest a possible pathophysiological role for gastrointestinal somatostatin in NIDDM.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Effects of cisapride on the secretion of pancreatic polypeptide in healthy volunteers.

Plasma human pancreatic polypeptide (hPP) responses to intravenous injections of a new gastric and intestinal motility promoting agent, R51 619 (cisapride), were studied in healthy volunteers. The mean fasting concentrations of plasma hPP (39 +/- 5.4 pg/ml; mean +/- S.E.) were elevated significantly to the peak values of 118 +/- 25.1 pg/ml 30 min after the drug had been given in a dose of 4 mg over 5 min. However, plasma insulin (IRI), glucose and prolactin levels were not elevated. Atropine diminished the cisapride-induced hPP elevation, thereby suggesting that cisapride induced release of acetylcholine but had no antidopaminergic action.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical effect of buprenorphine in ureteral colic].

Buprenorphine, a new analgesic, was administered at a dose of 0.2 mg by intramuscular injection to 21 patients with acute ureteral colic. The patients consisted of 14 males and 7 females with a mean age of 42. In all cases, the diagnosis was confirmed based on intravenous urography performed after the treatment. In 19 of the 21 patients, colicky pain was reduced at least within one hour after the administration of buprenorphine. No significant changes in the pulse or blood pressure were observed. In 6 patients, mild dizziness or nausea was observed, and none of the patients required withdrawal of the treatment. Clinical use of buprenorphine was considered to the effective and safe in patients with ureteral colic.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Dense distribution of nuclear alkaline protease to nucleoli with increase in rapidly growing cells in rats.

Neutral and alkaline proteases (chymotrypsin-like serine proteases) are tightly bound to chromatin in nuclei of various tissues of rats, and rapidly growing cells are abundant in the latter enzyme. Activities per mg DNA of these enzymes were measured with fractions of euchromatin, heterochromatin, nucleoli and extranucleoli from normal and regenerating livers, and Rhodamine sarcoma. With normal liver, both enzymes, respectively, were almost evenly distributed among the fractions, except that alkaline protease was significantly higher in nucleoli. The nucleolar alkaline protease increased by 30-60% with regenerating liver and by higher than 100% with the tumor.

Animals↗