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Biomedical subjects

K Miyazaki

Publications and source records attributed to K Miyazaki.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[A case report of bilateral liver metastasis from rectal cancer effectively treated with continuous infusion of anti-cancer drugs through hepatic artery].

A 52-year-old woman with bilateral liver metastasis originating from rectal cancer was treated with transarterial infusion of cisplatin, MMC, 5-FU and ADM after abdomino-peritoneal resection of the rectum. Cisplatin was infused continuously for 72 hours up to a 150 mg of dose through a Port-A-Cath which was inserted via gastro-duodenal artery at operation. The side effects observed were nausea, vomiting and leukopenia, but renal dysfunction was not encountered. Histology of the rectal lesion revealed poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The liver lesions were followed up by Echo, CT and angiography after chemotherapy, which demonstrated remarkable reduction in size or disappearance of the tumors.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

[Cultured biliary tract epithelial cells/alkaline and neutral elution as a model for the detection of carcinogens to the biliary tract epithelium].

Alkaline and neutral elution techniques were applied to detect chemical carcinogens in biliary tract cancer using biliary tract epithelial cells in culture. Since biliary tract epithelial cells actively grow in culture, DNA breaks induced by carcinogens in the [14C] thymidine-prelabeled DNA could be detected as radioactivities in the eluted fractions. Our study demonstrated that aflatoxin B1, 20-methylcholanthrene and dimethylnitrosamine induced DNA single-strand breaks in the biliary tract epithelial cells by the use of this system. Cultured biliary tract epithelial cells/alkaline and neutral elution offers a sensitive and organ-specific model for the detection of chemical carcinogens to the biliary tract epithelium.

Aflatoxin B1↗
PubMed1989

Effects of tiazofurin on globin and proto-oncogene expression in K562 erythroleukemia cells.

Tiazofurin (2-beta-D-ribofuranosylthiazole-4-carboxamide, NSC 286193) is a synthetic nucleoside inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase. This agent has recently been shown to induce differentiation of human leukemia cell lines. In the present study, we have monitored the effects of tiazofurin on differentiation and proto-oncogene expression in K562 erythroleukemia cells. Tiazofurin induced K562 cell hemoglobin production in a concentration-dependent manner. This induction of a differentiated phenotype was also associated with a loss of proliferative capacity. In contrast to the reversible effects of hemin on induction of K562 cell hemoglobin synthesis, the effects of tiazofurin were irreversible. Northern blot analysis of K562 cells treated with 10 microM tiazofurin demonstrated the accumulation of alpha- and gamma-globin mRNA. The results also demonstrate that there was little if any effect of tiazofurin on levels of c-myc, c-myb, or c-abl mRNA. Furthermore, there were no detectable changes in Ki-ras, Ha-ras or N-ras expression at the mRNA and protein levels in tiazofurin-treated K562 cells. These findings suggest that tiazofurin induces changes in levels of globin transcripts but has little if any effect on c-myc, c-myb, c-abl, or c-ras gene expression in K562 cells.

Actins↗
PubMed1989

[Primary amyloidosis of the bladder: a case report].

A case of primary amyloidosis of the bladder, which developed 4 years after primary treatment, is described. The patient is a 55-year-old male, who consulted our clinic with a complaint of asymptomatic gross hematuria on October 1, 1983. Cystoscopic examination showed a tumorous lesion involving right lateral wall of the bladder, which was resected transurethrally. No malignancy was found by histopathological examination. About 4 years later, he consulted our clinic again with a complaint of asymptomatic gross hematuria. There was a tumorous lesion involving left lateral wall of the bladder on cystoscopy. Transurethral resection of bladder tumor was performed under a diagnosis of bladder tumor. Histological examination revealed amyloidosis of the bladder, AL-type amyloid. Re-examination of the specimens resected 4 years ago showed the same findings. Biopsies from the tongue, skin and rectum disclosed no amyloid deposition. During these 19 months, he had no recurrence. This case was thought to be the first one of primary amyloidosis of the bladder showing new recurrence reported in Japanese literature.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical studies of a new non-ionic contrast medium--iohexol (Omnipaque)--in patients sensitive to ionic contrast medium].

Iohexol was used on 62 patients who had had side effects or adverse reactions to conventional ionic contrast medium. No side effects were observed. Iohexol provided better nephrographic and pyelographic effects, but in one case a diagnosis could not be made using 20 ml of Iohexol 300. Iohexol 350, 20 ml, was thought to be more suitable contrast medium than Iohexol 300, 20 ml, for ordinary intravenous pyelography. Iohexol could be used safely in patients with previous adverse reactions to ionic contrast media.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Isolation and culture of bile duct epithelial cells as an useful tool for screening of biliary tract carcinogens].

A method of isolation and culture of extrahepatic bile duct epithelial cells from Holstein cows has been established for detection of carcinogens in relation to bile duct cancer. Cells were isolated by digestion with Dispase followed by scraping of the mucosa. The integrity, the epithelial character and the purity of cells isolated were confirmed by electron microscopy. By the use of this culture induction of unscheduled DNA synthesis by chemicals which are capable of developing bile duct cancers in experimental animals, were assessed autoradiographically with or without addition of S-9 mixture. MNNG and ENNG induced UDS, which was not influenced by S-9 mixture. MCA elicited UDS only if S-9 mixture was added. Regardless of the presence of S-9 mixture, DMN failed to induce UDS but AFB1 induced UDS dose-dependently. The contact routes of the carcinogens with bile duct cells were established and this culture system way be an useful tool for the detection of biliary tract carcinogens.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Basic studies on optimal intra-arterial infusion rate of cisplatin].

The relationship between platinum concentration in tissues, free CDDP concentration in plasma and infusion rate was investigated in order to determine the optimal intra-arterial infusion rate of CDDP for chemotherapy of cervical carcinoma. Platinum concentrations in uterus were in the same level in the intravenous infusion groups independent of the infusion rate. In the intra-arterial infusion groups, platinum concentrations in the uterus increased as the infusion rate decreased from 24 to 0.8 mg/hr, although Cmax and AUC were decreased. Platinum concentrations in the ovary supplied by another artery were not influenced by the intra-arterial infusion rate. It is suggested that uptake of CDDP in the targeted tissues can be increased by control of intra-arterial infusion rate.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Familial occurrence of anomalous pancreaticobiliary duct union associated with gallbladder neoplasms.

The authors present two cases of anomalous pancreaticobiliary duct union that occurred in a mother and her daughter; the former was associated with gallbladder adenocarcinoma, and the latter, gallbladder adenoma with high grade dysplasia. This disorder has been considered a developmental anomaly, although the true etiology has not been known. This is the first report of familial occurrence of this anomaly, and it may point to the presence of a genetic factor in its development. Another implication is the presence of histological features which suggest the possible sequence of anomalous pancreaticobiliary duct union to intestinal metaplasia to adenoma or dysplasia to cancer of the gallbladder.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[The effect of estrogen on episodic secretory patterns of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in hypergonadotropic hypogonadism].

The secretory dynamics of plasma luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) and serum luteinizing hormone (LH) were studied in three hypogonadal women before and after chronic administration of mestranol. Blood samples were obtained through an indwelling iv line every 15 min over 3 hours, and plasma levels of LHRH and LH were measured by radioimmunoassay. LHRH and LH pulses were defined as rising from nadir to peak that exceed 2 times the intraassay coefficient of variation. All patients showed pulsatile LHRH and LH release before mestranol administration. The mean LH levels (89 +/- 20 mIU/ml) and pulse amplitude (33 +/- 14 mIU/ml) were significantly reduced after mestranol administration. On the other hand, the mean LHRH levels (1.87 +/- 0.49 pg/ml) and pulse amplitude (0.92 +/- 0.41 pg/ml) did not change significantly after mestranol administration. Pulse frequency (2 approximately 3 times/3 hrs) of LHRH and LH did not change after mestranol administration. These data show that the chronic administration of estrogen to such patients cause a decrease in mean LH levels and amplitude of LH pulse without a decrease of pulsatile LHRH secretions. These results suggest that the chronic negative feedback action of estrogen on episodic LH release in women may be at the level of the pituitary gland and estrogen may change the pituitary sensitivity to LHRH.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Use of ultrasonographic risk score in the timing of operative intervention for acute cholecystitis.

Timing of operative intervention for acute cholecystitis has long been a subject of debate. However, actual or impending perforation constitutes an absolute indication for prompt operative intervention. To discriminate these cases from those undergoing observation with conservative treatment, clinical and ultrasonographic findings were reviewed and analyzed in 17 patients with acute cholecystitis. Specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of ultrasonography in discriminating cases of acute cholecystitis, in terms of timing of operative intervention, were calculated retrospectively based on the operative findings. The risk score for each ultrasonographic finding was determined, and the total risk score was calculated for each patient. The calculated total risk score was found to be well correlated with the macroscopic appearance of the gallbladder at operation in cases of acute cholecystitis. Therefore, this score should be useful in determining the timing of operative intervention for acute cholecystitis. However, the usefulness of the variables should further be established prospectively in other patient populations.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Polymerization of multifunctional methacrylates and acrylates.

The cross-linking reaction of 15 dimethacrylates, one trimethacrylate and five diacrylates was studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to investigate the relationship between the polymerization characteristics and the chemical structure of these monomers. The amount of pendant double bonds (Dp) and the efficiency of cross-linking (Ec) were calculated from both the extent of polymerization (Ep) and the amount of residual monomer (Rm) obtained by DSC and HPLC analyses, respectively. The Ep and Ec values of various monomers increased with an increase in the number of chain members between the functional groups, while Rm and Dp values decreased. The dimethacrylates consisting of aliphatic chains polymerized more readily than those containing aromatic units. High Ep was obtained in the aliphatic dimethacrylates and diacrylates with more than eight chain members and the aromatic dimethacrylates with more than 20 chain members among the monomers examined. These results depend presumably on the flexibility of the functional groups in the polymer network. With most dimethacrylates and diacrylates, high Ep was also observed in thermal scanning polymerization compared to isothermal polymerization at 90 degrees C. The diacrylates showed a high rate of polymerization compared to the corresponding dimethacrylates.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1988

Effect of somatostatin on pancreatic enzyme secretion.

The effect of somatostatin (SS) on the pancreatic enzyme secretion was studied in a perfusion system using dispersed pancreatic rat acini in vitro. In addition the effect of SS on pancreatic secretion in vivo was also studied in conscious rats for comparison. In an in vitro study, 6 x 10(-7) M SS-14 caused no significant change in amylase release when added 20 min before stimulation by 10(-5) M carbamylcholine (Cch), 10(-6) M A23187, 5 x 10(-7) M secretin and 2 mM dibutyryl cyclic AMP. The addition of 6 x 10(-7) M SS-28 also caused no significant change in amylase release stimulated by 10(-5) M Cch. High performance liquid chromatographic examination indicated that no degradation of either SS-14 or SS-28 occurred after reaction with dispersed acini. In an in vivo study SS-14 caused marked inhibition of basal pancreatic secretion and stimulated pancreatic secretion by bile-pancreatic juice diversion. These results indicate that SS has no direct inhibitory action on rat pancreatic secretion, and that SS may inhibit the pancreatic secretion by indirect mechanisms.

Amylases↗
PubMed1988

Effects of somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide on exocrine and endocrine pancreas in the rats.

The effects of somatostatin-14 (SS) and rat pancreatic polypeptide (rPP) on endocrine and exocrine functions of the pancreas, stimulated by 40 ng/kg cholecystokinin octapeptide during continuous infusion of 1 U/kg/h secretin, were investigated in the rat, in vivo. Protein output in the pancreatic juice and integrated insulin (IRI) secretion were inhibited, in a dose related fashion, by continuous infusion of SS, in doses of 0.5, 5 and 50 micrograms/100g/h. On the other hand, bicarbonate and volume output were not inhibited by SS. The rPP significantly inhibited not only the protein output but also the bicarbonate and volume output of the pancreatic juice in doses of 0.1 and 1 microgram/100g/h. Integrated IRI secretion was inhibited significantly by rPP, but the inhibition of IRI secretion was much greater in the portal than in the jugular vein. Plasma SS and rPP concentrations showed physiological ranges during infusion of doses of 0.5 and 0.1 microgram/100g/h of SS and rPP, respectively. Therefore, there was a marked difference between the inhibition by rPP and that by SS on the exocrine and endocrine pancreas. These observations suggest that SS and PP may play a physiological role in the pancreas and that their effects on the pancreas relate to different mechanisms.

Animals↗