When a small amount of Gram-negative lipopolysaccharide was intravenously injected into mice which had been injected with heat-killed Propionibacterium acnes 7 days before, massive hepatic cell necrosis was induced and most of the mice died 24 hr later. However, when prostaglandin E1 was administered with lipopolysaccharide, remarkable improvements in the survival rate and in the histological changes of the liver were observed. In order to find out how prostaglandin E1 suppressed the induction of massive hepatic cell necrosis in this experimental model, we studied the effects of prostaglandin E1 on the activation of liver adherent cells, from which the cytotoxic factor is released, and on the protection of hepatocytes from the cytotoxic factor. As a result, prostaglandin E1 not only inhibited the activation of liver adherent cells and suppressed the release of the cytotoxic factor, but it also directly affected the hepatocytes and protected them from the cytotoxic factor.

Alprostadil↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst: a rare case showing the characteristic imaging feature of milk of calcium.

Bronchogenic cysts are rare congenital anomalies of the primitive foregut that are usually found above the diaphragm, and a retroperitoneal location is extremely unusual. Due to the low prevalence of these pathologies, their imaging features have seldom been described. We report a rare case of retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst showing characteristic imaging features of milk of calcium on plain abdominal radiography and computed tomography.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Cephalometric changes during self-correction of primary anterior crossbite.

Longitudinal growth changes were investigated cephalometrically for sixty-one Japanese girls who had anterior crossbite at the initial visit (ages 3 years and 11 months on an average). Cephalograms were taken annually from the initial visit to the end of the observation period (ages 7 years 6 months on an average). Eleven of them (Group N1) showed self-correction of anterior crossbite during the primary dentition; ten (Group N2) showed self-correction when the permanent incisors erupted and forty (Group R) did not show self-correction. There was no statistical skeletal difference between Groups N1 and N2 during the observation period. Groups N1 and N2 were larger, however, than Group R in A'-Ptm'/Pog'-Go (p < 0.05) and Group N1 was smaller than Group R in Pog'-Go/N-S (p < 0.01) at the end of the observation period. In summary, favorable growth of the maxilla relative to the mandible leads to self-correction of primary crossbite and when mandible size relative to the cranial base is large, primary crossbite does not show self-correction.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Imaging features of pancreatoblastoma: a case report.

We present a patient with pancreatoblastoma along with a discussion of various cross-sectional imaging features. The tumor was a large multilocular cystic mass with solid components in the left retroperitoneal space. There were fine internal echoes on ultrasonography, and the signal intensity was high on both T1- and T2-weighted MR images in most of the locules, suggesting the presence of hemorrhagic debris. Among the various retroperitoneal organs displaced by the tumor, only the pancreatic tail was inseparable from the mass, suggesting that the pancreatic tail was the origin of the tumor. Pancreatoblastoma should be included in the differential diagnosis when a large left upper quadrant mass with these imaging features is seen in infants and young children.

Child↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Uprighting the mandibular molars stimulates mandibular growth during treatment of class II malocclusion.

We hypothesized that uprighting of the mandibular molars creates a counter-clockwise rotation of the mandible and stimulates mandibular forward growth during the treatment of a Class II malocclusion. This investigation used 33 longitudinal lateral cephalometric radiographs of Class II, Division 1 female patients. All cases were treated with non-extraction. Treatment was started in early adolescence with .018 slot edgewise Alexander appliances. High-pull head-gear and Class II elastics were used. Seventeen cases that showed more than 5 degrees of uprighting of the mandibular first molars were selected as the uprighted group. Cases that showed less than 5 degrees of uprighting of the mandibular first molars were selected as the non-uprighted group. There was a significant correlation coefficient between the uprighted degree of the mandibular first molars and the degree of clockwise rotation of the mandibular plane to FH.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Initiating and promoting effects of concurrent oral administration of ethylenethiourea and sodium nitrite on uterine endometrial adenocarcinoma development in Donryu rats.

The effects of oral administration of ethylenethiourea (ETU) and sodium nitrite on endometrial adenocarcinoma development was investigated in female Donryu rats. At 10 week of age, groups 1 and 3 received a single dose of polyethylene glycol (PEG) into the uterine cavity, while groups 2 and 4 were given N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) (15 mg/kg) solution, dissolved in PEG, in the same manner. ETU (80 mg/kg) and sodium nitrite (56 mg/kg) dissolved in distilled water were orally given to animals in groups 3 and 4 once a week from 11 to 51 weeks of age. Groups 1 and 2 received the vehicle alone. At termination (52 weeks of age), endometrial adenocarcinomas were observed in 29, 13 and 57% of rats in groups 2, 3 and 4, respectively, but not in group 1. Persistent estrus appeared earlier in groups 3 and 4 than in group 1. In groups 3 and 4, hyperplastic and neoplastic lesions of the digestive tract, especially the forestomach, were also observed. The results indicate that N-nitroso ETU formed in the stomach by concurrent oral administration of ETU and sodium nitrite, itself induces endometrial adenocarcinomas by its mutagenic action, as well as promoting their development after ENU-initiation, presumably by influencing the hormonal balance.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Fluoride release from a light-cured bonding material in openbite orthodontic patients.

This study was undertaken to clarify whether the salivary fluoride concentration on the anterior and premolar teeth, released from an orthodontic bonding material, differed between openbite and non-openbite patients. Using fluoride-releasing bonding materials, brackets were bonded to the teeth in openbite and in non-openbite patients. Saliva films on the tooth surfaces near the brackets were collected with filter paper and fluoride concentrations in the saliva were determined by using a fluoride electrode technique. Saliva was collected and analyzed at different periods after the bonding. Fluoride concentrations in the saliva increased sharply immediately after bonding, decreased gradually thereafter, then leveled off. Fluoride concentrations in the saliva on the tooth surfaces were higher in openbite patients for one day to as long as one week. The results of the two-way analysis (ANOVA) showed that the differences in the overbite factor (openbite, non-openbite) contributed to the variances the most (p < 0.001; contribution, 59.50 percent after one day and p < 0.01; contribution, 49.63 percent after 3 days). In conclusion, the fluoride released from the bonding materials on the tooth surfaces was retained more in openbite than in non-openbite patients, suggesting their lower flow rate of saliva.

Adhesives↗