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Biomedical subjects

K Miwa

Publications and source records attributed to K Miwa.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Bromodeoxyuridine labeling index in gastric cancer].

In vivo and in vitro BrdU labeling index (L.I.) were calculated in 97 and 11 gastric cancers, respectively. Biopsied specimens by means of endoscopy were used in vitro method. A comparison of the in vitro and in vivo L.I. showed good correlation (p less than 0.01). Gastric cancer with lymph node metastasis had a significantly higher median in vivo L.I. of 16.2% as compared with a median in vivo L.I. of 13.3% in gastric cancer without lymph node metastasis (p less than 0.05). An in vivo L.I. of gastric cancer with vessel invasion was significantly higher than that without vessel invasion (p less than 0.05). Early gastric cancer with an in vivo L.I. of less than 12% had no lymph node metastasis. On the contrary, 31% in that with an in vivo L.I. of greater than 12% had lymph node metastasis. The in vitro L.I. which was similar to the in vivo L.I. may be useful to decide operative procedure in gastric cancer, specially in early gastric cancer.

Bromodeoxyuridine↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of UFT on nuclear DNA distribution of gastric and colorectal carcinomas].

To evaluate the effect of UFT on nuclear DNA distribution of carcinoma, we measured the DNA content of biopsy specimens and resected specimens obtained from 18 patients by microfluorometry. The tumors consisted of 7 gastric and 11 colorectal carcinomas. Five patients who received administration of 400mg of UFT (400mg of tegafur) were classified as the chemotherapy group and another 13 patients were classified as the control group. 1) DNA indices of biopsy specimens and resected specimens of the same patients showed almost the same values both in the control group (r = 0.81) and in the chemotherapy group (r = 0.89) (p less than 0.05). 2) S and S + G2M fractions of resected specimens showed almost the same values as compared with those of corresponding biopsy specimen in the control group. However, in the chemotherapy group S and S + G2M fractions of resected specimens showed a tendency to be higher than those of corresponding biopsy specimen (0.05 less than p less than 0.1). This study indicates that the biopsy specimens are sufficient for DNA analysis and that UFT-induced DNA change may be increase of S and S + G2M fraction.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

[A clinicopathological studies on gastrointestinal leiomyosarcomas, with special reference to prognosis].

Twenty-five cases of gastrointestinal leiomyosarcomas were subjected to clinico-pathological studies in an attempt to correlate the prognosis with tumor size, mitosis, cellularity and DNA ploidy pattern. Leiomyosarcomas greater than 5cm in diameter had poorer prognosis. Those with mitotic index larger than 3.0/mm2, cellularity larger than 3.0/0.0004mm2, DNA aneuploidy had poorer prognosis. By multiple regression analysis, mitotic index was useful for the prediction of tumor recurrence in earlier postoperative period, but cellularity, tumor size were useful for the prediction of recurrence in later postoperative period. As for the type of tumor recurrence, hematogenous metastasis was observed in 7 cases, peritoneal dissemination in 2 and local recurrence in 4. Four cases with local recurrence had all hematogenous metastasis. Two cases of gastric leiomyosarcomas developing local recurrence were greater than 10cm in diameter and gastric local resection was done for them. One case was diagnosed benign leiomyoma in the rectum histologically, but after trans-anal tumor resection local recurrence and metastasis to the lung occurred. We must pay attention to the surgical margin and the surface of tumor dissection during of the tumor, especially in larger tumors. Aggressive surgical resection is efficient for the treatment of recurrent tumors.

Cell Count↗
PubMed1989

[Induction of coronary arterial spasm by intracoronary administration of acetylcholine in patients with vasospastic angina].

To examine whether intracoronary injections of acetylcholine induce coronary artery spasm in patients with vasospastic angina, incremental doses (20, 30 and 50 micrograms) were injected directly into the coronary arteries in 12 patients with variant angina (Group A: rest angina with electrocardiographic ST-segment elevation during attacks), 19 with vasospastic angina (Group B: rest angina and/or effort angina with variable threshold in the treadmill exercise stress test), 11 with organic coronary artery stenosis but without angina (Group C), and 14 without coronary artery disease (Group D). A temporary cardiac pacemaker was positioned in the right ventricle. Coronary artery spasm was defined as severe vasoconstriction (greater than or equal to 90% of reduction in the luminal diameter) with chest pain and/or ischemic changes in the electrocardiogram. Intracoronary injection of acetylcholine induced spasm of at least one coronary artery in all 12 patients (100%) of Group A, in 18 (95%) of Group B, in two (18%) of Group C, and in two (14%) of Group D. Thus, the sensitivity of this method for inducing coronary spasm was 100% in group A, 95% in Group B, and 97% in Group A plus Group B. The specificity for inducing spasm was 86% in Group D, and 84% in Group C and Group D. When acetylcholine was injected separately into the left and right coronary arteries, spasm of both the coronary arteries was observed in two (40%) of Group A, in five (33%) of Group B, and none (0%) of Group C and Group D. Acetylcholine (20 micrograms) induced coronary spasm in 10 (83%) of Group A and only in nine (47%) of Group B.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1989

[Prevention of stomatitis induced by anti-cancer drugs].

A randomized control trial study was carried out to evaluate the effect of allopurinol mouth wash on stomatitis induced by chemotherapy in gynecologic patients. Chemotherapeutics used consisted of 5-FU+CDDP (PF) given to 10 patients and vincristine and actinomycin-D+cyclophosphamide (VAC) given to 5. Allopurinol mouth wash was prepared for patients to rinse their mouth with the solution 4-5 times daily before and after treatment with anti-cancer drugs. The Japan Society For Cancer Therapy's criteria for stomatitis were used. In the control group, stomatitis occurred in 9 of the 10 patients receiving PF therapy and in all of the 5 receiving VAC. In contrast, stomatitis was observed in only 2 of the 10 patients receiving PF therapy and 2 of the 5 VAC in the allopurinol-treated group. Allopurinol mouth wash showed a marked effect on stomatitis induced by chemotherapy.

Allopurinol↗
PubMed1989

[Monoclonal antibody NCC-ST-439 in gastric cancer tissue].

An immunohistochemical study revealed that NCC-ST-439 positive tumor were detected in 33% of the 244 gastric carcinomas. The incidence of NCC-ST-439 immunoactivity in well differentiated adenocarcinomas (papillary and tubular adenocarcinoma) was significantly higher than in poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas (including signet-ring cell and mucinous adenocarcinoma). Moreover, NCC-ST-439 immunoreactive tumors showed more frequent vessel invasion and higher DNA content than non-reactive tumors. The recurrence rates of NCC-ST-439 immunoreactive tumors in the liver and lymph nodes were significantly higher than those of non-reactive tumors. Patients with NCC-ST-439 immunoreactive carcinoma had much worse prognosis than those with NCC-ST-439 non-reactive carcinoma. These results suggest that NCC-ST-439 antigen produced by tumor cells plays an important role in the invasive growth and vessel invasion and also serves as a biological marker of malignancy in patients with gastric cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[DNA ploidy pattern in diffuse infiltrating carcinomas of the stomach].

Analysis of DNA ploidy patterns was performed on 76 diffusely infiltrating carcinomas of the stomach and the results correlated with histologic findings and outcome. Twenty six cases were diploid (34%) and 50 cases were aneuploid. There was no correlation between DNA ploidy and histologic type, depth of invasion, lymphatic invasion, evidence of peritoneal dissemination or curability. In aneuploid tumors, incidence of vascular invasion was significantly higher than that in diploid tumors (p less than 0.05). In addition, the patients with aneuploid tumors had a poor prognosis than with diploid tumors. These results indicate that DNA ploidy patterns may possibly be a useful prognostic marker for diffusely infiltrating carcinomas of the stomach.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1988

Correlation of DNA ploidy and proliferative activity in human gastric cancer.

Analysis of DNA ploidy patterns was performed on 129 cases of primary gastric cancer and the results were correlated with histologic findings and in vivo bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling. Forty-nine cases were diploid (38%) and 80 cases were aneuploid (62%). There was no correlation between DNA ploidy and histologic type. In aneuploid tumors, incidence of lymphatic invasion, lymph node metastasis, and rate of advanced cases were significantly higher than those in diploid tumors. During the follow-up period of 5 to 10 years, 23 of 40 patients (55%) with aneuploid tumors died of disease within 3 to 120 months. Only 13 of 36 patients (36%) with diploid tumors died of disease. The BrdU labeling indices (BrdU LI) ranged from 2.8% to 26.7%, with a mean of 10.4%. There was no correlation between BrdU LI and histologic type or stage. The mean BrdU LI of early cancers was 8.1%. The mean BrdU LI of advanced cancers was 11.9%. The BrdU LI of cancers with lymphatic invasion or lymph node metastasis was higher than those without them. The mean BrdU LI of diploid cancers was 6.0%. The mean BrdU LI of aneuploid cancers was 11.9%. There was a good correlation between BrdU LI and DNA ploidy patterns. These results indicate that DNA ploidy patterns and BrdU LI may possibly be useful prognostic markers for gastric cancers.

Bromodeoxyuridine↗
PubMed1988

Effect of limited tryptic modification of a bacterial poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase on its catalytic activity.

The extracellular poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase of Alcaligenes faecalis T1, which hydrolyzes both hydrophobic poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and water-soluble oligomers of D(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate, lost its hydrolyzing activity toward the hydrophobic substrate on mile trypsin treatment, but retained its activity toward water-soluble oligomers. The molecular mass of the trypsin-treated enzyme was 44 kDa, as estimated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate, which was 6 kDa smaller than that of the native enzyme (50 kDa). The trypsin-treated enzyme seemed to be less hydrophobic than the native one, because it was rather weakly adsorbed to a hydrophobic butyl-Toyopearl column compared with the native enzyme, and showed no ability to bind to poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), to which the native enzyme tightly bound. These results suggest that, in addition to a catalytic site, the enzyme has a hydrophobic site, which is not essential for the hydrolysis of water-soluble oligomers, but is necessary for the hydrolysis of hydrophobic substrates, and this hydrophobic site is removed from the enzyme by the action of trypsin.

Alcaligenes↗
PubMed1988

Supersensitivity of coronary arteries in variant angina to spasm induced by intracoronary acetylcholine.

Acetylcholine (20 to 100 micrograms) was infused directly into coronary arteries in 10 patients with variant angina (group A), 13 subjects without coronary artery disease (group B) and 8 patients with significant organic coronary artery stenosis (greater than or equal to 50%) but without variant angina (group C) during coronary arteriography, to clarify the action of this agent on coronary arteries. Temporary pacing was performed at a demand heart rate of 40 beats/min while bradyarrhythmia developed. Coronary arteriography after administration of acetylcholine showed coronary vasoconstriction in all 10 patients (100%) of group A. Angina accompanied by electrocardiographic ischemic changes in 9 of 10 (90%, 7 ST-segment elevation and 2 depression) was provoked during this test. In the patients of group B, acetylcholine also induced vasoconstriction in 8 of 22 (36%) coronary arterial systems examined, chest pain in 3 (14%) and ST-segment deviation in none (0%). In the patients of group C, acetylcholine induced vasoconstriction in 3 of 9 (33%), chest pain in 2 (22%) and ST-segment depression in 1 (11%). No definite coronary artery dilation induced by acetylcholine was noted. Coronary vasoconstriction (p less than 0.05), electrocardiographic ischemic findings (p less than 0.01) and chest pain (p less than 0.01) were induced significantly more frequently in group A than in both groups B and group C. No significant difference was found between group B and group C. The coronary arteries in the patients with variant angina seem to be more susceptible to acetylcholine than those of patients without variant angina irrespective of the presence of significant atherosclerosis.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1988

DNA ploidy pattern and tumour spread in gastric cancer.

The DNA ploidy pattern of gastric cancer was studied in 58 patients to investigate the heterogeneity between primary tumour and metastases. In both primary tumours and lymph node metastases, diploid patterns accounted for 33 per cent, whereas all liver metastases were aneuploid. The percentage of polyploid cells was higher in the liver metastases than in primary tumours and lymph node metastases. When the heterogeneity of DNA ploidy pattern between primary tumour and metastasis was evaluated, diploid tumours had a significantly lower rate of lymph node metastasis heterogeneity than aneuploid tumours. When the DNA ploidy pattern and survival were evaluated, the patients who had a diploid pattern in both primary tumour and metastasis had a significantly higher survival rate than the patients who had an aneuploid pattern in the primary tumour and metastasis (57 per cent versus 26 per cent at 5 years). These data suggest that cell heterogeneity is a common phenomenon in gastric cancer, and this may be important in the evolution of the disease. Furthermore, the role of the DNA ploidy pattern as a prognostic factor is emphasized.

DNA, Neoplasm↗