Biomedical subjects

K Miwa

Publications and source records attributed to K Miwa.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

Expression of p53 protein in colorectal cancer and its relationship to short-term prognosis.

BACKGROUND AND METHODS: The expression of p53 protein in 100 large bowel cancers was studied immunohistochemically by use of a monoclonal antibody (PAb1801). RESULTS: Immunoreactivity was found in 61.0% of specimens from 100 patients with colorectal cancer. The pattern of p53 expression was mainly detected in the nuclei of the cancer cells. There was no significant correlation between the expression of p53 and the histologic grade, tumor size, serosal invasion, lymphatic invasion, venous invasion, lymph node metastasis, or liver metastasis. However, patients with p53-positive tumors had a greater relative risk of death compared with those with p53-negative tumors. The p53 negative-tumors showed a recurrence rate of 5.9%; for the p53 positive-tumors, a recurrence rate of 23.8% was recorded. The 3-year survival rate was 96.7% of 39 patients with p53-negative carcinomas and 61.8% for the patients with p53-positive tumors; there was a significant difference in the rate between the two groups of patients (P < 0.05). The growth fraction of p53-positive tumors determined with a monoclonal antibody against DNA polymerase alpha (49.0%) was significantly higher than that of p53-negative tumors (40.7%, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the immunoreactivity of p53 may be a biologic marker of prognostic significance.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed1992

[CT features of chronic maxillary osteomyelitis in adults].

CT findings were reviewed in four adult patients with chronic maxillary osteomyelitis (CMO) that was histologically proved. The CT features of CMO included bone destruction and soft tissue mass, predominantly in the inferior portion of the maxillary antrum (all 4 cases), thickening of the antral wall (3 cases) and abnormal soft tissue around the antrum associated with or without bony wall destruction (3 cases). CMO could not be distinguished from cancer of the maxillary antrum on CT because of the similar findings. However, abnormal soft tissue around the antrum together with an undestructed bony antral wall may be useful for differentiating the two diseases.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Effects of diltiazem and verapamil on (+)-PN 200-110 binding kinetics in dog cardiac membranes.

The effects of d-cis-diltiazem (diltiazem) and verapamil on 1,4-dihydropyridine binding to dog cardiac membranes were studied in competition, saturation and kinetic binding experiments with [3H](+)-PN200-110. Diltiazem increased [3H](+)-PN200-110 binding with an observed maximal effect at 50 microM, while verapamil decreased [3H](+)-PN200-110 binding in a dose-dependent manner. Scatchard analysis of saturation binding data revealed that diltiazem (50 microM) increased the maximal binding site density and verapamil (100 microM) increased the dissociation constant (KD) of [3H](+)-PN200-110 binding. The kinetic experiments demonstrated that diltiazem significantly reduced both the association and the dissociation rate of [3H](+)-PN200-110 binding, resulting in no significant change in the apparent KD. In contrast, verapamil accelerated dissociation and slowed down association of [3H](+)-PN200-110 binding. Diltiazem appears to alter both the number of [3H](+)-PN200-110 binding sites and the characteristics of [3H](+)-PN200-110 binding.

Allosteric Regulation↗

PubMed1992

Independent clinical and flow cytometric prognostic factors for the survival of patients with stage I gastric cancer.

Paraffin-embedded tumor samples from 151 patients with stage I gastric cancer were analyzed by DNA flow cytometry, and 80 patients received an infusion of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) to determine S-phase fraction. S-phase fractions of tumors were measured by the immunohistochemical method using anti-BrdU monoclonal antibody. Of the 151 patients, 81 (54%), and 70 (46%) showed diploid and aneuploid patterns. There was no significant association between DNA ploidy and wall invasion, histologic type, or lymphatic invasion. Aneuploid tumors were associated with positive-vessel invasion. When the DNA ploidy and clinicopathological parameters were simultaneously entered into the Cox regression model, DNA ploidy and wall invasion emerged as independent prognostic parameters. Aneuploid tumors had significantly higher values of BrdU labeling indices than diploid ones. These results indicate that the determination of DNA ploidy patterns may be an important prognostic factor in patients with stage I gastric cancer, and may be useful in deciding the therapeutic schedule of patients with gastric cancer.

Aneuploidy↗

PubMed1992

Effect of intra-hepatoarterial infusion of MMC and CDDP for gastric cancer patients with liver metastases.

The influence of operative treatment and chemotherapy on the prognosis in 93 gastric cancer patients with liver metastasis was studied. Chemotherapy included the systemic administration of mitomycin C (MMC) (39 patients), an intra-hepatoarterial infusion of MMC (MMC IAC group) (19 patients) and an intra-hepatoarterial infusion of MMC and cisplatin (CDDP) (MMC + CDDP IAC group) (24 patients). Either MMC or MMC and CDDP were given in 1-4 courses every 3-4 weeks from the first one to two post operative weeks. The response rate was 4 per cent (1/23), 29 per cent (5/17) and 73 per cent (17/23) for MMC systemic administration, MMC IAC and MMC + CDDP IAC, respectively, with a significantly high rate of effectiveness for the MMC + CDDP IAC. In addition, regarding the median survival period, the MMC + CDDP IAC group showed 11.8 months, as compared with 2.9 months for other chemotherapeutic treatments, indicating a good prognosis regardless of any possible resection of the primary lesion. A Cox proportional hazard model revealed the treatment by MMC + CDDP IAC alone to be a significant independent factor. These results indicated that MMC + CDDP intra-arterial chemotherapy is an effective approach to gastric cancer with liver metastasis.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

The succinate dehydrogenase inhibition test for evaluating biopsy specimens and resected tumors of advanced gastric cancer.

An in vitro chemosensitivity study of both biopsy specimens and surgically resected tumors of advanced gastric cancer from 12 patients was evaluated using the succinate dehydrogenase inhibition (SDI) test. A decrease in succinate dehydrogenase (SD) activity as an indicator of chemosensitivity was determined using cisplatin (CDDP), etoposide (VP-16), and mitomycin C (MMC). In this study, 29 of a total 36 experiments were evaluable (80.6%) and significant correlations were found in all three of the antitumor drugs (P < 0.03). This finding suggests that the SDI test using biopsy specimens may prove valuable for assessing the preoperative chemosensitivity of advanced gastric cancer.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

Is bile or are pancreaticoduodenal secretions related to gastric carcinogenesis in rats with reflux through the pylorus?

Male Wistar rats were subjected to one of three types of operative reflux procedure that allowed part or all of the duodenal contents to flow back into the stomach through the pylorus, thus producing models of bile reflux alone, pancreaticoduodenal reflux alone, and combined reflux. All surviving animals were killed 50 weeks after surgery and the development of gastric cancer was assessed. No cancer was seen in 16 animals with pancreaticoduodenal reflux or in 32 control animals with gastrotomy, whereas 2/8 animals with bile reflux and 11/29 animals with combined reflux had gastric carcinoma. Compared with the control group, the incidence of carcinoma in animals with bile or combined reflux was significantly higher (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.01 respectively). All carcinomas developed in the antral area near the pylorus. Adenomas were observed only in the groups of animals developing carcinoma and occurred in the same region of the stomach. These results suggest that bile, and not pancreaticoduodenal secretions, is the component of the duodenal contents responsible for the development of gastric carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1992

Intraperitoneal hyperthermic treatment for peritoneal dissemination of colorectal cancers.

Continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion (CHPP) combined with administration of anticancer drugs was performed in eight colorectal cancer patients with peritoneal dissemination. An overall response rate of 50 percent was achieved in the eight patients. Two of three complete responders are long, recurrence-free survivors for 15 and 30 months. The two-year survival has been achieved in 18.8 percent of the patients receiving CHPP, and this rate is significantly higher than the rates in P2 and P3 patients who did not receive CHPP. The complications of CHPP with administration of anticancer drugs were mild bone marrow suppression in two (25 percent) of the eight patients and also a mild grade of renal dysfunction in one (12.5 percent), though not lethal. The results suggest that the combination of CHPP with the administration of anticancer drugs is a safe and effective therapy for peritoneal dissemination of colorectal cancers.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Relationship between the preexistent coronary collateral circulation and successful intracoronary thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the existence of coronary collateral circulation influences recanalization rates of intracoronary thrombolysis. The study population consisted of 85 consecutive patients undergoing intracoronary thrombolysis within 6 hours after the onset of the first acute myocardial infarction, all of whom had a complete occlusion of the infarct-related coronary artery. Intracoronary thrombolysis with high-dose urokinase (960,000 IU) was attempted at a rate of 24,000 IU/min. Of 18 patients (group A) who had good angiographic collateral circulation to the area perfused by the infarct-related coronary artery, the obstructed artery was recanalized to a residual luminal diameter stenosis of less than or equal to 90% (successful recanalization) in only five (28%). In contrast, of 67 patients (group B) with poor or no collateral circulation, recanalization was successful in 40 (60%) (p less than 0.05). Antegrade flow of infarct-related arteries was observed following thrombolysis in 12 (67%) of 18 group A patients and in 56 (84%) of 67 group B patients (p = NS). It was concluded that (1) the presence of collaterals correlates with the presence of high-grade stenosis; (2) the presence of collaterals correlates with the presence of high-grade stenosis; (2) the presence of collaterals is inversely related to the efficacy of thrombolytic therapy; and (3) the difference in successful recanalization rates observed between the two groups probably reflects the impact of underlying stenosis severity on the effectiveness of lytic therapy.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Significance of preinfarction angina for preservation of left ventricular function in acute myocardial infarction.

The effect of preinfarction angina on the preservation of left ventricular function was evaluated with the use of cineventriculography in 37 patients who had either total or subtotal occlusion of the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery during the convalescent period of myocardial infarction. In 15 patients who had preinfarction angina more than 1 week before the onset of acute myocardial infarction (group A), the global left ventricular ejection fraction was 54 +/- 3% (SEM) and regional wall motion in the infarct area was 10 +/- 3%. In 10 patients who had preinfarction angina occurred within 1 week before the onset of acute myocardial infarction (group B), the left ventricular ejection fraction and regional wall motion in the infarct area were 42 +/- 3% and 1 +/- 2%, respectively. In 12 patients without preinfarction angina (group C), the left ventricular ejection fraction and regional wall motion in the infarct area were 38 +/- 3% and -1 +/- 2%, respectively. In groups B and C, both the left ventricular ejection fraction and regional wall motion in the infarct area were lower than those in group A (p less than 0.05). The collateral circulation at the onset of acute myocardial infarction was better in group A compared with groups B and C (p less than 0.05). Thus the collateral circulation, promoted by repetitive anginal episodes indicative of myocardial ischemia, causes the preservation of myocardial function.

Angina Pectoris↗

PubMed1992

Proliferation assay of human gastric remnant by bromodeoxyuridine and flow cytometry.

The cell kinetics of gastric epithelium were studied by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and flow cytometry in seven patients with remnant stomachs reconstructed with a Billroth type II procedure and in 25 patients with whole stomachs. Each patient received an intravenous injection of BrdU (200 mg/m2) 6 hours before surgery. Fresh specimens obtained from the lesser curvature, greater curvature, and stomal areas in the cases of remnant stomachs and from the antrum and fundus in the case of whole stomachs were studied. The BrdU labeling index was higher in the stomal area of the gastric remnant than in other areas, and DNA synthesis time was shortened in the stomal area of the gastric remnant (P less than 0.01) but not in other areas. The turnover time of the mucosa in the stomal area was 4.1 +/- 1.2 days, significantly shorter (P less than 0.01) than in other areas (7.6 +/- 2.3 to 8.2 +/- 1.2 days). The present study showed that the cell proliferation was extremely rapid in the stomal area of the gastric remnant, suggesting that this enhanced turnover of epithelial cells may assist in promoting carcinogenesis in the stomal area of the gastric remnant.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

The sensitivity of intracoronary injection of acetylcholine in inducing coronary spasm differs in patients with stable and unstable angina.

In an attempt to clarify the role of coronary artery spasm in the pathogenesis of unstable angina, acetylcholine (20 and 50 micrograms) was injected directly into the coronary arteries of 19 patients with unstable effort angina (group 1), 30 patients with unstable spontaneous angina (group 2), and 15 patients with stable effort angina due to coronary artery organic stenosis (greater than or equal to 75%) (group 3). Coronary spasm was defined as severe vasoconstriction (greater than or equal to 90% of luminal diameter) with chest pain and/or ischemic ST-segment changes. Intracoronary injection of acetylcholine induced spasm of at least one coronary artery in 19 patients (100%) of group 1 and 28 (93%) of group 2 but only 3 (20%) of group 3 (p less than 0.01). When acetylcholine was injected into the left and right coronary arteries separately, multivessel spasm (spasm of both coronary arteries) was induced in 5 of 12 (42%) patients of group 1 and in 9 of 23 (39%) patients of group 2. In contrast, intracoronary acetylcholine did not cause multivessel coronary spasm in any of 15 patients of group 3 (0%). These results suggest that coronary arteries in patients with unstable effort angina as well as spontaneous angina are susceptible to spasm and that coronary artery spasm may be responsible at least in part for the genesis of attacks in these patients.

Acetylcholine↗

PubMed1992

A CHO strain producing high-level human IL-6 with the 3' deletion construct.

A Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) strain producing high-level human interleukin 6 (IL-6) was obtained, by introduction of the IL-6 cDNA from which the 3' AU-rich region was deleted. The IL-6 mRNA of this strain was stable. The productivity was more than 15 times higher than the previously obtained clone, which has intact IL-6 cDNA in the same expression vector. This strain produced IL-6 at a high level of 30 micrograms ml-1 in batch culture, or a continuous 20 micrograms per 10(6) cells per day in microcarrier cultivation.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Production of monoclonal antibodies specific to major allergens of Cryptomeria japonica pollen.

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against Cryptomeria japonica pollen antigen (CPAg) were prepared. CPAg was precipitated with these MAbs and both MAbs CPA7 (IgG2a) and CPA9 (IgG1) recognized two major glycoproteins (m = 41 kDa and 46 kDa) of CPAg. MAb CPA7 or CPA9 was coupled to CNBr activated sepharose and affinity purification of the major allergen of CPAg from the crude extract was performed. The affinity purified CPAg bound IgE antibody present in patients with Cedar pollinosis.

Allergens↗

PubMed1992

Duodenal reflux through the pylorus induces gastric adenocarcinoma in the rat.

We investigated whether duodenal reflux through the pylorus is involved in the development of gastric cancer. Male Wistar rats weighing 230-250 g were subjected to three types of operative procedures: (i) allowing reflux through the pylorus; (ii) allowing reflux through a gastrojejunal stoma; and (iii) gastrotomy. No carcinogens were given, and the animals were killed 50 weeks after surgery. No cancers were detected in any of the 18 animals with gastrotomy. In contrast, seven (41%) of 17 animals with reflux through the pylorus and four (31%) of 13 animals with reflux through the stoma had adenocarcinoma. Differences in the incidence between both reflux groups and the gastrotomy group were significant (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05 respectively). All of the adenocarcinomas developed in the pyloric mucosa near the pylorus in the animals with reflux through the pylorus, and in the oxyntic mucosa near the stoma in those with reflux through the stoma. Adenocarcinomas appeared as a polyploid mass with or without slight central erosion. Most of the adenocarcinomas were of the well-differentiated tubular type, and the others were of the mucinous type. No differences in either the histologic type or depth of invasion of the adenocarcinoma were recognized between the two duodenogastric reflux groups. Precancerous or paracancerous lesions, such as adenoma, adenocystic proliferation, and stomal pseudopyloric metaplasia, were more frequently found in the same region as the adenocarcinomas. These findings suggest that duodenogastric reflux in the rat has potent carcinogenic activities not only in the oxyntic mucosa through the stoma, but also in the pyloric mucosa through the pylorus.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1992

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the spleen. Report of a case with an immunohistochemical study.

A 81-year-old Japanese man with a splenic inflammatory pseudotumor is described. The pseudotumor was unchanged in size after one year of observation. Macroscopically, the lesion was a firm well-circumscribed 5.5 x 5 x 5 cm mass showing a yellowish-white cut surface. Histologically, it was composed of abundant mixed inflammatory infiltrates, predominantly UCHL-1(+) T and L26(+) B lymphocytes, plasma cells containing various immunoglobulin subtypes, and S-100 protein(+), and lysozyme and NCA(+) histiocytes, with a sclerotic stroma. Small numbers of eosinophils, neutrophils and foamy macrophages were admixed. The patient has remained disease-free for 14 months after splenectomy. Only ten splenic inflammatory pseudotumors have been reported in the literature. This paper adds an additional case, together with details of immunohistochemical polyclonality of each inflammatory cell population, confirming that this disease is a nonspecific inflammatory change.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

Permeability and Mg2+ blockade of histamine-operated cation channel in endothelial cells of rat intrapulmonary artery.

1. In the cell-attached and inside-out patch-clamp experiments using undispersed endothelial cells of the rat intrapulmonary artery, the majority of channels were cation selective. 2. Under physiological ionic conditions, the I-V relationship for the inward currents fell to -80 mV and the slope conductance was 22.5 pS. There was an inward rectification and the outward currents were smaller than the inward currents. 3. Under symmetric high-K+ conditions, the slope conductance for the inward currents was 26.4 pS and the inward rectification was observed when the high-K+ solution contained 1 mM-Mg2+. The channel activity was weakly voltage dependent at negative membrane potentials, while it was much enhanced at positive potentials. 4. The channel activity did not depend on intracellular Ca2+ concentrations. 5. Mg2+ was not only impermeant, it also blocked this channel in a voltage-dependent manner and rectifications appeared in the I-V relationship. Mg2+ blocked the channel from both sides of the membrane. 6. Ca2+ permeated this channel and the permeability ratios calculated from the reversal potentials using the constant-field theory were; PK:PNa:PCa = 1:1:15.7. 7. Histamine but not acetylcholine applied to the pipette activated this channel. Guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S) applied to the intracellular surface of the patch did not mimic the effect of histamine. 8. Thus, in the endothelial cell membrane of the rat intrapulmonary artery, there exists a cation channel which is selective to Ca2+ but also permeable to Na+ and K+. This channel has inward rectifying properties, possibly due to intracellular Mg2+. Histamine, but not acetylcholine, activates this cation channel to elevate endothelial [Ca2+]i.

Acetylcholine↗

PubMed1992

Biphasic changes (initial increase and late decrease) in coronary sinus venous oxygen saturation during anginal attacks induced by intracoronary acetylcholine in patients with variant angina.

In order to evaluate the effects of intracoronary acetylcholine on coronary resistance vessels, oxygen saturation in coronary sinus blood was continuously measured to compare its dynamic changes during intracoronary injection of acetylcholine in both patients with variant angina and control subjects. Group 1 consisted of 6 patients without coronary artery disease. Group 2 consisted of 10 patients with variant angina and spasm in the left anterior descending coronary artery. A fiberoptic reflection oximetry system was used for the continuous measurement of coronary sinus venous oxygen saturation. Acetylcholine (20 micrograms) was injected directly into the left coronary artery over 30 s. In the group 1 patients, coronary sinus venous oxygen saturation was increased from 39 +/- 2% (mean +/- SEM) to 54 +/- 3% at 30 s, continuously climbed to 70 +/- 3% at 60 s and then gradually decreased to 53 +/- 5% at 120 s after the initiation of intracoronary injection of acetylcholine. In contrast, in the group 2 patients, coronary sinus venous oxygen saturation was transiently increased from 39 +/- 2% to 56 +/- 4% at 30 s, reversed, decreased to 52 +/- 4% at 60 s and then rapidly decreased to 36 +/- 3% at 120 s with the onset of chest pain associated with electrocardiographic ischemic changes. Coronary arteriography during attacks demonstrated a total or subtotal occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery due to severe spasm in all of the 10 patients. The extent of increases in coronary sinus venous oxygen saturation at 30 s after acetylcholine injection was not significantly different between the two groups (group 1: 15 +/- 4%, group 2: 17 +/- 3%). Heart rate, blood pressure and rate-pressure product were essentially unchanged at 30 s after intracoronary injection of acetylcholine in both groups. These data suggest that in control adult humans, coronary blood flow was increased through dilatation of resistance vessels by acetylcholine, while in patients with variant angina, coronary blood flow was transiently increased by dilatation of resistance vessels, after which it was suddenly decreased by spasm of an epicardial artery induced by this agent. Relaxant responses to acetylcholine of coronary resistance vessels appear to be preserved well in patients with variant angina.

Acetylcholine↗