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Biomedical subjects

K Mishima

Publications and source records attributed to K Mishima.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Electron microscopic study of retinas of macular mice.

BACKGROUND: Menkes' disease may be due to a lack or deficiency of copper in various organs. The macular mouse is known as a model for Menkes' disease. We examined melanin granules in the retinal pigment epithelium and the activity of cytochrome oxidase, a copper-containing enzyme, in the retinas of macular mice by electron microscopy. METHODS: In the retinas of hemizygote macular mice we demonstrated cytochemically (oxidative polymerization of diaminobenzidine to an osmophilic reaction product) the activity of cytochrome oxidase. The distribution of melanin granules in the retinal pigment epithelium related to the activity of another copper-containing enzyme, tyrosinase was also studied. Stereological methods were applied to obtain quantitative data. RESULTS: In the retinal photoreceptor inner segments of the macular mouse, the mitochondria were more numerous than in normal litermates and they appeared swollen. There were fewer melanin granules in the retinal pigment epithelium of macular mice than in that of normal littermates. The cytochrome oxidase activity was significantly lower in the macular mice than in the controls. CONCLUSION: Macular mice have lower activity of cytochrome oxidase and fewer melanin granules than do normal mice. Both changes may be related to copper deficiency. These results correspond to the retinal changes seen in patients with Menkes' disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Three cases of oblique facial cleft.

Three patients with an oblique facial cleft are described. One patient displayed ring constriction, lymphoedema, distal pseudosyndactyly and an occipital encephalocele to which an amniotic band was attached at birth. Therefore, it was obvious that the oblique facial cleft was accompanied by an amnion rupture sequence. These signs were not apparent in the other patients. However, one of the patients demonstrated various anomalies, amongst which syndactyly on the right foot, scoliosis, microcephaly, microphthalmia and corneal opacity suggested that the patient may have been affected by the amnion rupture sequence, except for polydactyly on the left foot, cleft hand and vertebra plana.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1996

Case report: hypoglossia-hypodactylia syndrome.

A case of hypoglossia-hypodactylia syndrome is described. The infant was characterized by micrognathia, accompanied by a defect of the gingiva, and hypoplasia of the tongue. There was defect in the right arm below the elbow. The right foot manifested syndactyly of the great, second and third toes and osseous fusion of the first and second metatarsi and proximal phalanges. In the left foot brachydactyly of the great and fifth toes, syndactyly of the second, third and fourth toes, hypoplasia of the first and second metatarsi and defect in the first phalanx were evident.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1996

Application of a new method for anthropometric analysis of the nose.

An accurate, quantitative method of measuring external nasal forms was developed in which facial plaster models were measured with a highly accurate contact-type three-dimensional coordinate measurement apparatus. Subsequently, we have developed techniques to identify the landmarks of a face automatically from the three-dimensional data and to superimpose two sets of data automatically for the purpose of sectional and longitudinal analyses, respectively. These techniques were applied to patients with unilateral cleft lip nasal deformities. Consequently, we were able to observe shifts in the facial landmarks and subtle three-dimensional changes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

The prevalence of developmental anomalies of teeth and their association with tooth size in the primary and permanent dentitions of 1650 Japanese children.

The prevalence of microdontia, macrodontia, peg-shaped tooth, Carabelli's tubercle, protostylid, paramolar tubercle, central tubercle and palatal accessory cusp were examined in Japanese children. This study included 905 children with primary dentitions (mean age 4 years 7 months) and 745 high-school students with permanent dentitions (mean age 16 years 8 months). Microdontia, macrodontia, Carabelli's tubercle, protostylid and paramolar tubercle were more frequent in the primary dentition, whereas peg-shaped tooth, central tubercle and palatal accessory cusp were more frequent in the permanent dentition. The association between the presence of developmental anomalies and the size of the remaining teeth was significant in permanent dentitions. Both the literature and this study indicate that developmental anomalies of tooth number, size and morphology should be studied as a group rather than as isolates.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Seasonal variation of mood and behaviour in a healthy middle-aged population in Japan.

A population survey of seasonality in six representative cities in Japan was conducted using the Japanese version of the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ). The questionnaires were given to 951 parents (male: female ratio 1:1 age range 34-59 years) of high-school students. Significant regional differences in seasonal variations of mood, length of sleep, and weight were observed; the proportion of individuals reporting high seasonality in the two northern cities was significantly higher than that in the other areas. These results provide evidence for a northern predominance in the prevalence of seasonal affective disorder in Japan.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Three-dimensional comparison between the palatal forms in infants with complete unilateral cleft lip, alveolus, and palate (UCLP) with and without Hotz's plate.

A three-dimensional measuring system was developed to analyze changes in palatal forms of UCLP infants. This system quantified the change of the curved surface on a palate by automatically superimposing two wireframe models obtained from casts at different stages of growth. It also analyzed the curvature of the palatal surface. This system was used to study the palates of 20 infants with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), from the first to fourth months after birth (12 with Hotz's plate and 8 without, selected at random). Both major and lesser maxillary segments without Hotz's plate remained anterior and lateral although those with Hotz's plate moved mesially during the fourth month after birth. In addition, the degrees of curvature on the palatal surfaces with Hotz's plate were less than those without Hotz's plate.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1996

Three-dimensional comparison between the palatal forms in infants with complete unilateral cleft lip, alveolus, and palate (UCLP) with and without Hotz's plate.

A three-dimensional measuring system was developed to analyze changes in palatal forms of UCLP infants. This system quantified the change of the curved surface on a palate by automatically superimposing two wireframe models obtained from casts at different stages of growth. It also analyzed the curvature of the palatal surface. This system was used to study the palates of 20 infants with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), from the first to fourth months after birth (12 with Hotz's plate and 8 without, selected at random). Both major and lesser maxillary segments without Hotz's plate remained anterior and lateral although those with Hotz's plate moved mesially during the fourth month after birth. In addition, the degrees of curvature on the palatal surfaces with Hotz's plate were less than those without Hotz's plate.

Analog-Digital Conversion↗
PubMed1996

Three-dimensional comparison between the palatal forms in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate with and without Hotz plate from cheiloplasty to palatoplasty.

The palatal forms in 20 infants with a complete unilateral cleft lip, and palate (12 with a Hotz palate and 8 without, selected at random) were studied from birth until 18 months of age. Using techniques developed previously, the degree of curvature in the palate and the magnitude of migration of the maxillary segments were measured three-dimensionally. Furthermore, using a newly developed method to approximate a set of the points on the alveolar ridge to a circle in a plane, the form of the alveolar arch was evaluated. Results from the group with a Hotz plate revealed that the plate possesses four effects not seen in the group without a Hotz plate. The size of the palate was larger, and the sagittal gap between the two segments of the maxilla was smaller. These results suggest that the appliance could stimulate the growth of the segments and could prevent collapse of the maxillary arch from the force of lip closure. Third, the steepness of the segments toward the nasal cavity was smaller, possibly occurring because the appliance prevents tongue intrusion into the cleft. Fourth, the magnitude of migration of the lesser segment toward the cleft edge of the major segment was larger. This result suggests that the appliance could guide the growth of the maxillary segments to narrow the cleft width until 18 months of age.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1995

Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung: analysis of two cases for Epstein-Barr virus infection.

Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma, which is an uncommon histological type of epithelial tumor, has been described as being closely associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in organs other than the lung. Recently, we experienced two surgically resected cases of pulmonary tumors mimicking lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma. Both cases contained EBV DNA genomes as shown by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using EBV DNA-specific primers, one positive for EBV DNA in virtually all cancer cells, and the other showing positive hybridization in a small number of cancer cells by in situ hybridization (ISH) using digoxigenin-labeled olignucletide probes for each of EBV DNA for EBV DNA. EBV-encoded RNA-1 (EBER-1) was typically detected in one case. These results are highly suggestive of EBV-associated tumors in one of the current cases, although in the other case, no such close association was determined. It seems that lymphoepithelioma-like pulmonary carcinoma, which seems extremely unusual, may be closely associated with EBV infection in tumorigenesis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

Epstein-Barr virus in the proliferative diseases of squamous epithelium in the oral cavity.

The presence of Epstein-Barr virus was analyzed in 79 cases of oral epithelial proliferative diseases by polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus-deoxyribonucleic acid and Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small messenger ribonucleic acid and immunohistochemistry for Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein. These lesions were histologically categorized as invasive squamous cell carcinoma (n = 36), carcinoma in situ (n = 10), verrucous carcinoma (n = 4), leukoplakia (n = 19), and papilloma (n = 10). Epstein-Barr virus genomes were detected in 19 squamous cell carcinoma (52.8%), four carcinoma in situ (40%), and one leukoplakia (5.3%); none of the verrucous carcinoma or papilloma cases were positive with polymerase chain reaction. By deoxyribonucleic acid in situ hybridization, positive signals were observed in the nuclei of cancer cells in 10 cases, in infiltrating lymphocytes in three, and both in one case. In patients with carcinoma in situ, only a single case was positive. In one case of leukoplakia positive signals were found in upper and middle layer squamous cells. The results by Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small messenger ribonucleic acid in situ hybridization revealed the same distribution as that by deoxyribonucleic acid in situ hybridization. Latent membrane protein was expressed only in the epithelial cells of leukoplakia but not in cases with squamous cell carcinoma and carcinoma in situ. These findings suggest that Epstein-Barr virus infection of oral squamous epithelium may be carcinogenic; alternatively, the virus may merely exist in epithelial cells of squamous cell carcinoma, carcinoma in situ, and leukoplakia as a passenger.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Kidney-limited recurrence in a patient with microscopic polyarteritis.

A 58-year-old woman with kidney-limited recurrence of microscopic polyarteritis (MPA) is described. The patient had a history of histologically-confirmed MPA 7 years previously, which had been in remission with corticosteroid treatment for 30 months followed by no medication thereafter. However, in February 1994, clinical manifestations including leg edema and proteinuria developed, followed by rapidly progressive renal insufficiency. Renal biopsy revealed crescentic glomerulonephritis with necrotizing vasculitis. Furthermore, at the same time antimyeloperoxidase antibody (MPO-ANCA) was detected in plasma. She was diagnosed as having kidney-limited recurrence of MPA without systemic presentation. Corticosteroid therapy was reinstituted, and the renal function improved, with a decrease in the titer of MPO-ANCA.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1995

Serum triglycerides and blood coagulation factors VII and X, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1.

It has been suggested that impaired fibrinolytic-coagulation system, such as increased concentration of inhibitors to fibrinolysis or activators to coagulations, occasionally may play a role in the development of atherosclerotic vascular disease. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the relationship of serum lipids to fibrinolytic-coagulation system. The subjects studied were 190 outpatients at Kyorin University Hospital, 108 of whom were mostly hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hyperuricemia (Control), 59 of whom were coronary heart disease (CHD), 25 of whom were cerebrovascular disease (CVD). Blood samples were measured the levels of blood coagulation factors VII (F-VII) and X (F-X), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in these subjects, together with the concentrations of serum lipids. The serum levels of F-X was significantly higher in CHD subjects than in controls (111 +/- 19% vs 101 +/- 22%, p < 0.05). However, there was a no significant difference of F-VII among three groups. And we found that the levels of serum lipids, especially serum triglycerides showed a significant positive correlation between the concentrations of F-VII (r = 0.343, p < 0.01) and F-X (r = 0.513, p < 0.01), and PAI-1 (r = 0.528, p < 0.001) in CHD and CVD subjects. For this reason, 156 bank employee subjects were also admitted to this study (Bank employees). In bank employee subjects, the serum levels of triglycerides also showed a significant positive correlation with the levels of F-VII (r = 0.321, p < 0.001), F-X (r = 0.254, p < 0.001) and PAI-1 (r = 0.420, p < 0.001). These data suggest that serum lipids, particularly triglycerides have a close relationship with thrombogenesis as evidenced by activated F-VII and F-X in the extrinsic coagulation system and also by elevated PAI-1 activities in fibrinolysis. Therefore, when we try to prevent the patients from CHD or treat them, we ought pay attentions not only to serum cholesterol or LDL-cholesterol for their atherogenic actions, but also to triglycerides because of their close correlation with extrinsic coagulation system and anti-fibrinolytic activities. The reduction of fibrinolytic capacity due to increased plasma levels of F-VII, X and PAI-1 may have importance in atherosclerotic vascular disease, particularly in patients with hypertriglyceridemia.

Cerebrovascular Disorders↗
PubMed1995

s-Myc acts as a transcriptional activator and its sequence-specific DNA binding is required for induction of programmed cell death in glioma cells.

We previously reported that s-Myc expression effectively induces programmed cell death (PCD) by apoptosis in glioma cells that express only mutated p53. To determine the molecular mechanism of s-Myc-induced PCD, we examined the correlation between transcriptional activation of s-Myc and its ability to induce PCD. Using a reporter plasmid having an upstream promoter region containing four repeats of the hexanucleotide CACGTG, we found that s-Myc can activate transcription of a reporter gene from this plasmid. Two mutated forms of s-Myc protein, s-MycCKII and s-MycmBR, were created. While s-MycCKII whose casein kinase (CK) II cognate sequence was restored in the internal acidic domain activated transcription as efficiently as wild-type s-Myc and induced PCD in glioma cells, s-MycmBR having a mutated basic region unable to bind the CACGTG motif did not. These findings suggest that transactivation activity of s-Myc through sequence-specific DNA binding may be indispensable for induction of PCD but that lack of a CK-II cognate sequence in the internal acidic domain may have little effect on these functions of s-Myc.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1995

[Rest-activity and body-temperature rhythm disorders in elderly patients with dementia--senile dementia of Alzheimer's type and multi-infarct dementia].

We simultaneously monitored rest-activity and body temperature (BT) rhythm in demented patients with sleep and behavior disorders using ambulatory wrist-worn actigraph and long-term monitoring system for 5-7 consecutive days. Subjects consisted of 19 patients with senile dementia of Alzheimer's type (SDAT) (M/F = 7/12, mean age = 71.7 years), 16 patients with multi-infarct dementia (MID) (M/F = 9/7, mean age = 75.2 years) and 9 normal controls (M/F = 4/5, mean age = 70.4 years). Both dementia groups showed a significant increase in percentage of nighttime activity. In the SDAT group, a significant positive correlation between the degree of dementia and total activity was observed, but not observed in the MID group. A significant high amplitude of BT rhythm was observed in the SDAT group comparing that in the MID or the control group. These findings indicate that the SDAT patients had a disrupted rest-activity rhythm with the severity of intellectual deterioration and increased night activity, while the circadian BT rhythm was remarkably well preserved, i.e. there was a dissociation between rest-activity and BT rhythms in the SDAT group. On the other hand, the disruption of the rest-activity and BT rhythm in the MID patients was characterized by a concomitant decrease of amplitude, which seems to have no relation with the severity of dementia. Different mechanisms could be involved in characteristic disruption of the circadian rhythms in the 2 dementia groups.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

A method of three-dimensional measurement and evaluation of external nasal forms.

An accurate, quantitative method of measuring external nasal forms was described to evaluate the results of rhinoplasty, in which facial plaster models were measured with a highly accurate contact-type three-dimensional coordinate measurement apparatus. Furthermore, two original programs to identify facial landmarks objectively and to measure the curved surface of the external nasal form in order to evaluate cleft lip nasal deformities were described. These provided accurate and objective data for the facial landmarks and the curvature of nasal alae.

Anatomy, Cross-Sectional↗