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Biomedical subjects

K Minde

Publications and source records attributed to K Minde.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

The marital and family functioning of adults with ADHD and their spouses.

Little is known about the family relationships of adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Thus, the marital adjustment and family functioning of 33 married adults with ADHD and their spouses was compared to 26 non-ADHD control participants and their spouses. Results revealed that married adults with ADHD reported poorer overall marital adjustment on the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS; Spanier, 1989) and more family dysfunction on the Family Assessment Device (FAD; Eptein, Baldwin, & Bishop, 1983) than control adults. The spouses of adults with ADHD did not differ from control spouses in reports of overall marital adjustment and family dysfunction. A greater proportion of their marital adjustment scores, however, fell within the maladjusted range. The ADHD adults' perceptions of the health of their marriages and families were more negative than their spouses' perceptions. The way in which spouses of ADHD adults compensated for their partners' difficulties were explored through clinical interviews. The findings in this study underscore the need for assessments and treatments to address marital and family functioning of adults with ADHD.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2001

Nurses' and physicians' assessment of mother-infant mental health at the first postnatal visits.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the degree to which physicians and nurses use their first postnatal contact with mothers and babies to learn about their psychosocial strengths and problems. METHOD: Forty-two consecutively born infants and their mothers were observed during their initial postnatal visit with a public health nurse and their physician in Montreal. Both visits were audiotaped. Tapes were analyzed for the number of physical and psychosocial topics discussed during the visits. Observers also rated the professionals' communication skills. During a later home visit, mothers were given the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised, and the Working Model of the Child Interview (WMCI). RESULTS: Nurses spent more time with families, discussed more psychosocial issues, and were rated to be more sensitive interviewers than physicians. They were also concerned about the psychological well-being and psychological difficulties of more mothers than were the physicians. In contrast, physicians were more sensitive to pregnancy complications in younger mothers. Mothers' satisfaction correlated with the number of psychosocial issues discussed by both professional groups. WMCI data suggest that recent non-Western immigrants are overrepresented among insecurely attached mothers. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses and physicians obtain different data from the same patients and should increase their collaboration.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Case study: neurological brain waves causing serious behavioral brainstorms.

A case highlighting the association of epilepsy with psychopathology is reported. The patient suffered a rare and extreme behavioral disturbance, characterized by persistent disruptive behavior and intermittent bizarre and violent outbursts. These outbursts often appeared purposeful, but some of them were later diagnosed as ictal manifestations of temporal lobe epilepsy. Temporal lobectomy resulted in remission both of the epilepsy and of the more persistent behavioral disturbance. lctal behavioral change was masked by interictal behavioral disturbance, leading to delayed diagnosis and prolonged psychosocial dysfunction. It is important to record the paroxysmal abnormal behavior with simultaneous electroencephalographic recording if there is a suspicion of organic disease. Physical and psychosocial factors in the relationship between epilepsy and extreme psychiatric disturbance are considered. This case demonstrates how successful epilepsy treatment may produce amelioration of associated psychiatric disturbance.

Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorder↗
PubMed1998

The use of psychotropic medication in preschoolers: some recent developments.

OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview of the use of psychotropic drugs in preschoolers. METHOD: Literature review. RESULTS: Although controversy persists, the evidence suggests that preschool children are being given an increasing number of psychotropic drugs, especially by general practitioners and pediatricians. CONCLUSION: There is an urgent need to formally evaluate the efficacy of psychotropic medication for young children.

Child Psychiatry↗
PubMed1997

Practice parameters for the psychiatric assessment of infants and toddlers (0-36 months). American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.

These practice parameters describe the psychiatric assessment of infants and toddlers (0-36 months) and support the growth of infant and toddler psychiatry, a rapidly developing field. Infants and toddlers are brought to clinical attention because of concerns about emotional, behavioral, relational, or developmental difficulties. It is axiomatic that the infant or toddler must be understood, evaluated, and treated within the context of the family. A perspective that is developmental, relational, and multidimensional and that borrows from the knowledge of multiple disciplines is essential. Collaborative efforts support the urgent need and incomparable opportunity to understand and to intervene early and preventively with young children and their families.

Child Psychiatry↗
PubMed1995

Socio-cultural determinants of psychiatric symptomatology in James Bay Cree children and adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the type of psychiatric disorders found in 100 Cree children living in a Native community in northern Quebec. METHOD: Standardized semi-structured interviews were given to all children and their caregivers, collecting 24 items of information. RESULTS: 51% of the children did not qualify for a DSM-III-R diagnosis but their frequently severe behavioural symptoms could be categorized by using 5 types of socio-cultural disturbances. There were also significant correlations between parental educational level, including length of time spent away from home, and the number of stress factors the children had been exposed to. CONCLUSION: There is a need to develop a diagnostic classification for child psychiatric disorders for aboriginal children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Sleep problems in toddlers: effects of treatment on their daytime behavior.

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effects of a treatment program for severely sleep-disturbed children on their daytime interaction with their mothers. METHOD: Twenty-eight children with serious sleep problems and 30 matched controls, aged 12 to 36 months, were compared on behavior rating scales, on sleep patterns, and during play and feeding interactions with their mothers before and after an intervention program. RESULTS: After treatment the sleep-disturbed children improved in their behavior, in their sleep patterns, and during feeding interactions with their mothers. However, the behavior of the children but not that of their mothers improved. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study indicate that a brief behavioral intervention program focused on helping families manage children with sleep disturbances can generalize to daytime mother-child interactions. This suggests that a compromised relationship in early life may be modified by rather simple interventions since changes of one behavioral system may modify the total relationship of young children with those caring for them.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1994

Future of child psychiatry. I: Models and guiding principles.

This article reviews some concepts the author believes will guide scientific and clinical work in child psychiatry during the next 25 years. Specifically, it is postulated that the traditional biopsychosocial model may have to be expanded to look at ways we can understand transactional events versus nonshared family characteristics, the development of internal representations and risk factors versus risk carriers.

Child↗
PubMed1993

The evaluation and treatment of sleep disturbances in young children.

This study examines the accuracy of parents' reports about their children's sleep behavior and their response to a behavioral treatment. Twenty-eight sleep-disordered and thirty control children aged 12-36 months were filmed during three nights using an infrared camera and their sleep behavior compared with parental reports. There were significant differences among the groups with parents of good sleepers being less accurate in reporting on their children's sleep behavior. Poor sleepers also had more behavior problems, a more difficult temperament and more adverse early medical histories. The good sleepers woke up as frequently as the poor sleepers. However, they managed to soothe themselves back to sleep without disturbing anyone. Virtually all poor sleepers showed significant improvement following treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Aggression in preschoolers: its relation to socialization.

The present article discusses developmental changes of aggression seen in preschool children and reports on an 18-month short-term prospective study of three preschool populations: a group referred for aggressive behavior problems, a normal control group, and a group of youngsters who had lived in violent homes, but showed no aggressive behaviors. Results indicate that the aggressive children, in comparison with the other two groups at age 4, showed a significant delay in their interpersonal awareness and perspective taking ability. However, although the aggressive children caught up with their peers in the course of the study period, there was no accompanying decrease in their aggressive behavior. The theoretical and clinical implications of these findings are discussed.

Aggression↗
PubMed1991

The infant psychiatrist and the transplant team.

This case presentation delineates one possible role the infant psychiatrist can play in the care of infants suffering from severe medical illnesses who are hospitalized for long periods. It describes the process of liaison with many professional groups who treat such children, highlights some of the difficulties inherent in this work and provides some possible answers to such problems.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

Infant psychiatry: its relevance for the general psychiatrist.

The study of infancy can provide us with new models for the genesis and treatment of psychiatric disorders. It allows us to observe development and can elucidate the contribution the internal and external world make to mental health and disorder. It can also help to define and describe developmental pathways which may be instrumental in creating a resilient or vulnerable adult.

Child Psychiatry↗
PubMed1990

Maternal preference between premature twins up to age four.

This paper describes methods of measuring a preference a mother develops for one twin over the other and describes the effect such preference has on the intellectual functioning and behavior of 24 twin pairs over 4 years. Results indicate that the majority of mothers develops a preference for one premature twin within 2 weeks after birth and maintains this preference for at least 4 years. The preferred twin has fewer behavior problems and a higher IQ at age 4. However, temperament is not correlated with preferential status.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Continuities and discontinuities in the development of 64 very small premature infants to 4 years of age.

The psychiatric, psychological, school and overall family functioning of 64 very small premature infants was assessed from birth up to 48 mnths of age. Results indicated that 43% of infants scored in the abnormal range on a behaviour rating scale filled in by the mothers and 24% on a teacher rating scale at age 4. However, only 11% of the children received a psychiatric diagnosis. Traditional attachment ratings at 1 yr were not related to psychiatric status at age 4, but family functioning was. Disturbed children had also suffered more perinatal difficulties.

Brain Damage, Chronic↗
PubMed1988

Impact of delayed development in premature infants on mother-infant interaction: a prospective investigation.

We examined events that precede a diagnosis of developmental delay by comparing 16 very low birth weight premature infants whose condition was diagnosed as developmental delay at 18 months corrected age with 16 matched developmentally normal infants. All infants were observed with their mothers during maternal visits to the nursery and during home visits 1, 3, 6, and 9 months after discharge. The mothers' reactions to their infants were rated at these times. All the children were followed up at a neonatal clinic, and detailed clinic records were used to document the time when a physician first suspected a delay and when this delay was first mentioned to the mother. The results indicate that parents had usually been told of their child's handicap by the time the child was 6 to 9 months old; yet mothers of the delayed children changed the interaction with their children as early as 1 month after discharge from hospital. These mothers initially touched, smiled at, and talked to their developmentally delayed infants significantly more often, but by 9 months they did so much less often than mothers of nondelayed children. The degree of change in mothers' behavior was related to their psychosocial background, with better-adjusted mothers showing the most change. We conclude that mothers' statements about their infants are usually valid and that physicians may share their potential concerns about infants more freely.

Adult↗