Total body wash out (hct less than 1%) with circulatory arrest of 30 to 60 minutes in deep hypothermia (esoph.temp. at 14 degrees C) was performed in 17 mongrel dogs by exchange against modified Ringer's Lactat-Solution. During rewarming the pump fluid was partly replaced by homologous packed red cells for readjustment of the hematocrit. After perfusion with a colloidfree perfusate all animals died under signs of massive interstitial edema. 8 out of 13 animals were long term survivors after exchange perfusion with colloid containing perfusate (dextran 60, 25 g/1). It has been demonstrated that a sanguineous circulatory arrest in deep hypothermia can be tolerated for 30 to 60 minutes if the formation of interstitial edema is prevented by use of an oncotically active perfusate.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

[Basis for acute preoperative hemodilution and autotransfusion].

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Adult↗

PubMed1975

Proceedings: Microcirculatory changes during normovolemic hemodilution.

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Animals↗

PubMed1975

[Studies on the problem of adverse effects in the use of plasma substitutes].

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Drug Eruptions↗

PubMed1975

[Histamine liberation in man following plasma substitution with gelatine and dextran: cause of anaphylactic reactions in the hospital?].

After rapid gelatin infusion in many cases a release of relatively small amounts of histamine was observed. Clinical symptoms occured in 5 cases in correspondence to the increased histamine levels, but were relatively harmless. The application of dextran 60 induced anaphylactoid reactions in 2 persons, with death in one case. Plasma histamine level were normal in both cases. Histamine release probably is not the cause of dextrn induced anaphylactoid reactions.

Anaphylaxis↗

PubMed1975

[Hydroxyethyl starch as plasma substitute: experiments in isovolamic haemodilution (author's transl)].

Isovolaemic haemodilution to a hematocrit of 10% was achieved by stepwise exchange of blood against 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) in 11 splenectomized dogs. All animals survived the actuely performed extreme haemodilution; one animal died 5 days later due to massive bilateral pneumonia. Blood volume as determined by 51Cr-tagged red cells was unchanged at hematocrit 10%; 2 and 5 hours after reaching the minimum haematocrit, blood volume was reduced by 7 and 15% of control. At day 3 after dilution, blood volume was normal again. Thus under conditions of extreme isovolaemic haemodilution the volume effect of hydroxyethyl starch was found inferior to that of dextran 60. Haemodilution with HES was associated with a presistent augmentation of the serum concentration alpha-amylase.

Amylases↗

PubMed1974