The best criterion for discrimination between patients with and without paroxysmal atrial fibrillation on signal-averaged electrocardiogram.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
K Matsuo
Publications and source records attributed to K Matsuo.
Delayed-type hypersensitivity to a recombinant mycobacterial antigen, MPB64, in guinea pigs sensitized to Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Mycobacterium bovis BCG.
Recombinant MPB64 (rMPB64), a mycobacterial antigen, was obtained from an Escherichia coli clone transformed with a recombinant expression vector, pMAL64c. The rMPB64 was examined for the activity to elicit delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) in guinea pigs injected with liver Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv or live M. bovis BCG Tokyo. It was found that rMPB64 has the same reactivity as native MPB64 (nMPB64) or MPT64 (nMPT64) and the potency to elicit DTH was 13.4 times higher than that of PPD. Because MPB64 is secreted only by living M. tuberculosis and some strains of BCG, it is possible to use this antigen for the diagnosis of tuberculosis.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Surgically resected adrenal leiomyoma: report of a case.
This report describes the case of a 48-year-old woman found to have a leiomyoma of the left adrenal gland after presenting with anemia and hypertension. An upper gastrointestinal series revealed a mass in the posterior region of the body that distorted the stomach. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed a well-circumscribed mass with a high-density outline in the left adrenal gland, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a homogeneous mass. Multiple catheter samplings of vena cava blood revealed a slight elevation of epinephrine and norepinephrine in the left adrenal vein and the left renal vein. Thus, asymptomatic pheochromocytoma of the left adrenal gland was highly suspected as a preoperative diagnosis and a left adrenalectomy was performed. However, histologic examination subsequently revealed findings suggestive of leiomyoma of the adrenal gland, which was confirmed by electron microscopy. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful and she has remained free from any further symptoms.
Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
Periodicity of eight nucleotides in purine distribution around human genomic CpG dinucleotides.
Mammalian genomes, unlike the genomes of Drosophila and yeast, are characterized by CpG methylation and concomitant CpG depletion, which is caused by the enhanced mutation rate of 5-methylcytosine. To find out whether local nucleotide sequences around existing methylated CpG dinucleotides have common patterns, we analyzed a large population of CpG-poor regions in human DNA, which are typically methylated. We detected a novel periodic variation in the numbers of purine bases around CpGs in the noncoding parts of these sequences. This periodicity of eight nucleotides gradually diminished over 64 nucleotides on each side of the central CpG. Furthermore, the frequencies of the 5' and 3' nearest neighbors of CpGs in CpG-poor regions were biased towards cytosine and guanine, respectively. Such biased sequence contexts may have helped to stabilize CpGs against depletion during mammalian evolution.
Animals↗
An immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of vasomotor nerves in the microvasculature of human dental pulp.
Immunohistochemical methods for S-100 protein and neurone-specific enolase showed two types of nerve endings around the pulp microvasculature: the free endings, which comprise the major neural component and are distributed in all types of microvessel such as arterioles, venules and capillaries; and the varicose endings. The varicose ending was a less frequent, minor component observed only in the arterioles. Both immunohistochemical and ultrastructural observations confirmed that the varicose endings were the terminal axons of efferent vasomotor nerves. Further extensive ultrastructural examinations on the vasomotor nerves added the following new findings to our previous reports. Vasomotor nerves sometimes ramified into more than two terminal axons around arterioles, and most of these ramified axons ended in the adventitia-media junction of the arteriolar wall; however, nerve endings occasionally penetrated into the media. These findings suggest an intimate structural association between vasomotor nerves and arterioles in regulating the arteriolar microcirculation in human dental pulp by stimulating smooth-muscle cells not only of the outermost but also of the inner layers. Furthermore, the deep penetration of terminal axons into the arteriolar wall seems to provide effective regulation of pulpal blood flow under physiological and pathological conditions.
Adult↗
A bolster suture technique for ear reconstruction for microtia without skin necrosis.
A new bolster suture technique to prevent skin necrosis in microtia ear reconstruction is presented. An outer series of bolsters is placed distant from the ear framework in a zigzag fashion, the temporal skin being gathered on the framework. In this way, the skin flap overlying the framework is relaxed and has sufficient blood flow. Therefore the skin flap can be thinned with little risk of necrosis. Furthermore, the contour of the reconstructed auricle is accentuated because of the thin relaxed overlying skin. Seven ears with microtia were reconstructed using this method. The results were satisfactory, except for one auricle which became slightly congested at the conchal portion due to excessive thinning. There were no haematomas or skin necrosis.
Adolescent↗
Spatial and temporal regulation of the rat calmodulin gene III directed by a 877-base promoter and 103-base leader segment in the mature and embryonal central nervous system of transgenic mice.
Three non-allelic rat calmodulin (CaM) genes CaMI, CaMII and CaMIII, which share no homology in their 5'-upstream regions, are coordinately expressed in neurons of the central nervous system (CNS). Deletion analysis of the CaMIII promoter showed that the upstream segments longer than 700 bases functioned as efficient promoters, and that the sequence from -133 to -65 was required for the activity of house-keeping type promoter in transient expression assays on a mouse glioma cell line C6. However, the transient expression seemed not to be cell type specific. To determine the temporal and spatial specificity of the promoter function, we produced transgenic mice carrying a fusion gene of the CaMIII segment from -877 to +103 and the lacZ reporter gene. In CNS of the adult transgenic mice, the localization of transgene expression was similar to that of endogenous CaMIII transcripts analyzed by in situ hybridization. The transgene was expressed prominently in pyramidal cells of the cerebral neocortex and the hippocampal regions CA1 to CA3, in Purkinje cells of the cerebellar cortex, and in neurons of the spinal cord, and moderately in granule cells of the dentate gyrus and the cerebellar cortex. In the developing CNS, the overall profiles of neuron-specific expression were also similar for both transgene and endogenous CaMIII that were expressed in the mantle layer and the dorsal root ganglia of the embryonal spinal cord. These results indicated that the neuron-specific expression of rat CaMIII was directed by this 877-base promoter sequence. The CaMIII segment used for the promoter of transgene contained a 29-bp sequence at -410, namely H3, which was conserved in the upstream regions of vertebrate CaMII and CaMIII. H3 seemed to play a pivotal role in the temporal and spatial expression of transgene in CNS, although the deletion of H3 did not decrease CAT activity in the transient expression. The transgene expression was not observed in the external granular cells of the developing cerebellum and in some neurons of the embryonic sensory ganglia in which the endogenous CaMIII was obviously expressed. Therefore, the other cis-acting element(s) located outside of this 877-bp segment seemed to be required for the temporal regulation of CaMIII in certain rudimentary neurons.
Animals↗
Alpha 1A-adrenoceptor subtype effectively increases Ca(2+)-sensitivity for contraction in rabbit thoracic aorta.
1. Norepinephrine and phenylephrine increase cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and muscle tension, which shows positive correlation between [Ca2+]i and tension development. 2. The slopes of regression lines between [Ca2+]i and tension development for norepinephrine and phenylephrine in tissues treated with an irreversible alpha 1B-adrenoceptor selective blocking agent, 10(-4) M chloroethylclonidine, were significantly steeper than those with untreated tissues. 3. Myosin light chain kinase inhibitors, KT5926 (3 x 10(-6) M) and K252a (10(-6) M) more selectively reduced the contraction produced by norepinephrine (3 x 10(-7) M) than that produced by clonidine (3 x 10(-6) M). 4. In the chloroethylclonidine-treated tissues, KT5926 and K252a did not tend to affect the contraction induced by norepinephrine and clonidine. 5. These results suggest that the contractile response through the alpha 1A-adrenoceptor subtype causes a greater muscle tension than that through the alpha 1B-subtype at the same level of [Ca2+]i, and that the alpha 1A-adrenoceptor subtype mainly activates myosin light chain kinase independent pathways of contractile mechanisms in vascular smooth muscle of rabbit.
Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
Effects of acute and short-term repeated application of fullerene C60 on agonist-induced responses in various tissues of guinea pig and rat.
1. Effects of fullerene C60 in trachea, right atria, ileum and stomach (fundus) of guinea pig and vas deferens and uterus of rat were studied pharmacologically. 2. C60 (4 microM) had no direct effect in all tissues. In guinea pig trachea and heart, relaxation and positive inotropic and chronotropic actions of isoprenaline and in isolated rat vas deferens and uterus the responses on norepinephrine and oxytocin were not affected by the short-term repeated application of C60 30 mg/kg i.p. for 4 wk. 3. The pD2 values (potencies) of acetylcholine in ileum and its longitudinal muscle from guinea pig after the short-term repeated application of C60 were significantly smaller than those obtained without the application. The value of 5-hydroxytryptamine in rat stomach (fundus) also tended to be smaller than obtained without the application. 4. Atropine inhibited competitively the contractions for acetylcholine in the longitudinal muscles prepared from C60-treated and non-treated guinea pigs, and the pA2 values for atropine were not significantly different with each other. 5. These results suggest that C60 has no direct effects or antagonistic properties toward drug receptors, but sub-chronic exposure of C60 decreased responsiveness. This may be due to a change in post-receptor processes.
Acetylcholine↗
Clinical efficacy of diclofenac sodium on postsurgical inflammation after intraocular lens implantation.
We investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of 0.1% diclofenac sodium on anterior inflammation after cataract surgery. Fibrin precipitation after surgery in patients without systemic or ocular disease was markedly less when diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution was used in combination with topical corticosteroids. There was also a reduction in fibrin precipitation in other patients, especially in those with diabetes mellitus, primary angle-closure glaucoma, and exfoliation syndrome. In conclusion, diclofenac sodium was shown to be clinically useful as a topical preparation to suppress inflammation after cataract surgery.
Administration, Topical↗
Isolation and characterization of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to human vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor121 (VEGF/VPF121).
We have established monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against human vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor121 (VEGF/VPF121). Two (MV101 and MV303) of the 28 MAbs neutralized the mitogenic activity of VEGF/VPF121 on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in a dose-dependent manner. Both of the MAbs reacted to VEGF/VPF121 and also VEGF/VPF165 with somewhat different binding properties in a sandwich-type enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELSIA). The binding of MV101 and MV303 to VEGF/VPF121 was competitive, but MV415, another anti-VEGF/VPF121 MAb without neutralizing activity, did not complete with either of the antibodies. MV101 and MV303 specifically recognized the native form of VEGF/VPF121 and VEGF/VPF165 in Western blotting. They did not react with VEGF/VPF when the antigens were fractionated under reducing conditions. These observations suggested that MV101 and MV303 might recognize the epitopes closely located on the configuration of VEGF/VPF121 molecule and the epitopes recognized by MV101 and MV303 may play an important role in the VEGF/VPF-receptor signal transduction. These MAbs significantly suppressed the growth of a human hepatoma, PLC/PRF/5, in vivo.
Animals↗
Tissue-specific expression of a FMR1/beta-galactosidase fusion gene in transgenic mice.
Fragile X syndrome is one of the most common genetic causes of mental retardation, yet the mechanisms controlling expression of the fragile X mental retardation gene FMR1 are poorly understood. To identify sequences regulating FMR1 transcription, transgenic mouse lines were established using a fusion gene consisting of an E.coli beta-galactosidase reporter gene (lacZ) linked to a 2.8 kb fragment spanning the 5'-region of FMR1. Five transgenic mouse lines showed lacZ expression in brain, in particular in neurons of the hippocampus and the granular layer of the cerebellum. Expression of the reporter gene was also detected in Leydig cells and spermatogonia in the testis, in many epithelia of adult mice, and in the two other steroidogenic cell types, adrenal cortex cells and ovarian follicle cells. Embryonic tissues which showed strong activity of the reporter gene included the telencephalon, the genital ridge, and the notochord. This expression pattern closely resembles the endogenous one, indicating that the 5' FMR1 gene promoter region used in this study contains most cis-acting elements regulating FMR1 transcription.
Animals↗
Triangular flap repair of the congenital earlobe cleft.
Repair of a congenital earlobe cleft was performed on 16 patients using a new surgical technique derived from the Tennison-Randall triangular flap operation for cheiloplasty. There were no complications. This method was applied because the deformities and desired outcomes in the congenital earlobe cleft are similar to those of the cleft lip. Many papers have described surgery for congenital and acquired clefts; the former differs from the latter in some respects. The techniques described for the repair of acquired clefts are not always appropriate for congenital clefts. In addition, some operations specifically designed for congenital clefts require more complicated techniques. Using our technique to correct lobule deformities with a triangular flap in proportion to the angle and extent of the cleft, a superior cosmetic result was obtained in the repair of longitudinal earlobe clefts.
Congenital Abnormalities↗
Secretion of MPB64 antigen by a recombinant clone of Mycobacterium smegmatis: characterization and application for the diagnosis of tuberculosis.
MPB64, a specific antigen to Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (TB complex), was produced and secreted by a clone of M. smegmatis-MPB64 where the structural gene of MPB64 was inserted using a new mycobacteria, E. coli shuttle plasmid pNIS vector. Antibodies against the recombinant MPB64 (rMPB64) were used for the reverse particle latex agglutination (RPLA) test to detect the MPB64 antigen rapidly. RPLA tests were applied to the shock cultures and the clinical isolates of mycobacteria to identify TB complex. RPLA with anti-MPB64 antibody-coated latex beads completely distinguished TB complex from other mycobacteria. Thus, it is suggested that RPLA with anti-MPB64 antibody would be a new, easy and inexpensive method for the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis.
Antigens, Bacterial↗
Augmented Ca2+ mobilization is a hypertensive trait discriminated from a 'major gene' in backcross analysis between SHR and Donryu rats.
1. Blood pressure and Ca2+ mobilization were significantly greater in SHR than in Donryu and F1 rats. 2. Backcross linkage analysis between spontaneously hypertensive rats and normotensive Donryu rats was performed to dissect polygenic hypertensive traits and to detect the existence of a single 'major gene'. 3. Cluster and discriminant analysis of a scattergram of blood pressure versus Ca2+ mobilization classified the backcrossed rats into two groups. The two groups were referred to the higher group and the lower group with regard to their relative blood pressure values. 4. Blood pressure was correlated with Ca2+ mobilization in each group; the correlation coefficients were 0.41 for the higher group (P < 0.01) and 0.71 for the lower group (P < 0.0001).
Animals↗
Establishment and characterization of a new human mesothelioma cell line (T-85) from malignant peritoneal mesothelioma with remarkable thrombocytosis.
A mesothelioma cell line, termed T-85, was established from a patient with malignant peritoneal mesothelioma and remarkable thrombocytosis (1.4 x 10(6)/mm3). Electron microscopically, two types of mesothelioma cells have been characterized; the major type of cells with dense-cored granules in the cytoplasm and the minor one with evenly dense granules. Immunologically, the cells showed staining for interleukin-6 (IL-6), cytokeratin, collagen type IV, vimentin, laminin, fibronectin and Factor VIII-related antigen. Quantitation by ELISA revealed a high concentration of IL-6 in T-85 cell culture supernatants. RT-polymerase chain reaction of T-85 cells showed two positive bands of cDNA at 628 and 251 base pairs indicating the constitutive expression of IL-6 and IL-6 receptor mRNA. Moreover, prominent pro-platelet process formation activity in T-85 cell culture supernatants indicated the presence of a thrombopoietic activity due mainly to IL-6 but not the c-Mpl ligand or erythropoietin. However, the fact that 15% of PPF activity remained in the supernatants treated with anti-IL-6 antibody indicated the presence of another thrombopoietic substance. T-85 is so far the first mesothelioma cell line derived from a case with remarkable thrombocytosis.
Base Sequence↗
Adult hepatoblastoma: case report and review of the literature.
We report a case of hepatoblastoma in a 24-year-old woman. The tumour was removed by an extended right lobectomy after transcatheter hepatic arterial embolization. A survey of the literature revealed 31 cases of adult hepatoblastoma. According to these reports there are no characteristic clinical features of the tumour, making a correct diagnosis before surgery or autopsy extremely difficult. Complete removal of the tumour is the only treatment which is potentially curative provided that lesion is confined within the liver capsule.
Adult↗
Sebaceous carcinoma responds to radiation therapy.
We describe a patient with an eyelid tumor that responded well to radiation therapy. The histopathological diagnosis was poorly differentiated sebaceous carcinoma. The patient received 52 Gy electron beam irradiation in a 5-week period; thereafter, the tumor diminished. The histopathological findings after radiation showed that most tumor cells underwent massive necrosis with hyalinized obstructive vessels. The tumor was under control at the 9-month follow-up examination.
Aged↗