Biomedical subjects

K Matsuo

Publications and source records attributed to K Matsuo.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources

PubMed2000

[Anesthetic management for placement of tracheobronchial stents in patients with airway stenosis].

We report the anesthetic management for stents placement in patients with tracheobronchial stenosis. The subjects were 6 patients with lung cancer and one patient with tracheal invasion of esophageal cancer. Anesthesia was induced with propofol, fentanyl and vecuronium, and maintained with propofol and vecuronium. After intubation, tracheostomy was performed. The patients were kept apnic during insertion of stents. Three patients had dynamic stents inserted from tracheostomy site and one orally. Three patients had Dumon stents inserted orally, but the procedure in one patient was cancelled because her stent could not be placed at appropriate position. We recommend the anesthetic management through the tracheostomy site for the placement of Dumon tubes or dynamic stents.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[Investigation for smoking cessation support on Internet. Internet survey of health and smoking awareness of users].

PURPOSE: This paper is intended as investigation of level of awareness of "health and smoking" of Internet users as a foundation to guide no smoking efforts on the Internet. METHODS AND SUBJECTS: A questionnaire was posted on a homepage only from September 1 to 30, 1999 only. RESULTS: There were 1687 valid responses. Respondents using a cellular phone with the Internet totaled 148. In reference to smoking, 47% of women and 54% of men replied when encountering "smoking by a stranger" that they were "a little troubled." As for "knowledge of medical treatment to stop smoking," over 70% of the respondents replied that they "only know it by name." In regards to responsibility of "who is wrong," respondents that answered "the country that is not regulated" were broken down into about 16% smokers and over 30% non-smokers. Personal computer users that are smokers accounted for 295 people, or 37.5%, and of the total respondents using a cellular phone with the Internet, 49 or 60.5% are smokers. Clearly these results are significant.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[Effect of gargling the throat with Panaxylocaine as a lubricant for the laryngeal mask airway].

We used Panaxylocaine as a suitable lubricant with gargling before insertion of laryngeal mask for twenty preoperative breast cancer patients. Patients were divided into two groups; Control group (N = 10) received water-based lidocaine gel just before insertion of laryngeal mask, and Panaxylocaine group (N = 10) received Panaxylocaine as a premedication for breast cancer operation. Compared to water-based lidocaine gel, Panaxylocaine was more effective for oral discomfort after insertion of laryngeal mask. But there was no difference between two groups about oral paresthesia. We conclude that Panaxylocaine is a good premedication before insertion of laryngeal mask preventing oral and pharyngeal complications.

Anesthetics, Local↗

PubMed2000

[Pulmonary Nocardia otitidiscaviarum infection in an immunocompetent host].

A rare case of pulmonary Nocardia otitidiscaviarum (N. otitidiscaviarum) was encountered in an immunocompetent host. A 74-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a high fever and a productive cough. His chest radiograph and CT scan revealed infiltrative shadows in the right middle and lower lung fields. Although several antibiotics (third-generation cephalosporin, minocycline, imipenem) were administered, the fever and cough persisted, and C-reactive protein remained elevated. Repeated sputum cultures showed normal flora, so a transbronchial lung biopsy and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were performed bronchoscopically at the right S5. The BAL fluid contained acid-fast, branching filamentous structures. The microorganism was identified as N. otitidiscaviarum by the Research Center for Pathogenic Fungi and Microbial Toxicoses (Chiba University). Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was therefore administered, but the fever continued to rise daily, and C-reactive protein remained elevated. This isolated N. otitidiscaviarum showed resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents in vitro when examined by the disk diffusion method, and so, on the basis of the antibiogram, the patient was treated with clarithromycin (oral, 600 mg/day) plus amikacin (400 mg/day), which proved successful. Testing for pulmonary nocardiosis should be added to the differential diagnosis procedures for refractory pneumonia as an opportunistic infection and for community-acquired pneumonia.

Aged↗

PubMed2000

[Problems in clinical use of intraarterial blood gas monitoring system, Paratrend 7].

We evaluated the intraarterial blood gas monitoring system Paratrend 7 in clinical use. One hundred and sixty six sensors used for patients receiving thoracic, open heart or great vessel surgery were tested for one year, prospectively. Sensors were inserted through a 20 G intraarterial cannula into the radial artery before operation and removed when they malfunctioned or seemed to be not necessary for patient management in critical care unit. We encountered several problems such as, initial calibration failure (5/166), impossible sensor insertion (2/166), arterial pressure wave change (5/166), parameter display failure (21/166), and thrombus in the circuit (9/166). Parameter display failure after insertion tended to occur on patient's arm movement imparing the sensor. No serious accident, such as arterial thrombosis was experienced. Some troubles were due to staff's incorrect handling of the apparatus. Training of staffs is indispensable for safe and sufficient utilization of Paratrend 7.

Aged↗

PubMed2000

Linkage of persistent cholangitis after bilioenterostomy with biliary carcinogenesis in hamsters.

Biliary carcinoma occurring after bilioenterostomy has been reported as a late complication of this surgical procedure. The present study was designed to determine if bilioenterostomy promotes biliary carcinogenesis, and also to clarify the relationship between biliary inflammation and biliary carcinogenesis in hamsters. Syrian hamsters underwent a simple laparotomy (SL), choledochoduodenostomy (CD) or choledochojejunostomy (CJ). All hamsters received subcutaneous injections of the chemical carcinogen, N-nitrosobis (2-oxopropyl) amine (BOP), and were sacrificed 20 weeks after surgery. Neoplastic lesions in the biliary tree were histologically examined, and the presence and degree of cholangitis was also evaluated with special reference to biliary carcinogenesis. The incidence of bile duct carcinoma was not significantly different among the three groups. Numerous bile duct carcinomas, however, were recognized in the bilioenterostomized animals, especially in the CJ group. Moreover, significant correlations between biliary carcinogenesis and the presence of cholangitis were noted in both the CD and CJ groups, but not in the SL control group. Severe cholangitis was evident in the CJ group, and the number of biliary carcinomas was well correlated with the degree of cholangitis. In conclusion, the risk of carcinoma in the biliary tract may increase when persistent cholangitis is present after biliary reconstruction.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Comparative study on genomes of two Japanese melon necrotic spot virus isolates.

Nucleotide sequences of the genomes of two Japanese Melon necrotic spot virus (MNSV) isolates, NH and NK were determined. The open reading frames (ORFs) in both genomes encode five proteins: p29 (the pre-readthrough domain of p89), p89 (the readthrough domain of p89 identified as the putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase), p14 (the pre-readthrough domain of p7A), p7A (the putative movement protein), and p42 (coat protein, CP). Nucleotide and amino acid sequence identities of the five proteins of NH and NK isolates were estimated at 97.4-99.5% and 97.7-100%, respectively. NK isolate but not NH isolate infected systemically leaves of Cucumis melo plants. When deduced amino acid sequences of p7A proteins of NH and NK isolates were compared, only one difference at position 16 (serine in NH isolate and isoleucine in NK isolate) was observed. p7A protein is considered the putative movement protein. The serine of p7A protein of NH isolates may be involved in systemic infection. In addition, phylogenetic relationships of genes based on nucleotide sequences revealed that NH and NK isolates might form a group, and S isolate, serologically different from NH and NK isolates, might represent a distinct isolate not belonging to this group.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2000

Comparison of human platelet antigen (HPA)-1a typing by solid phase red cell adherence to HPA-1 allotypes determined by allele-specific restriction enzyme analysis.

Phenotype results for human platelet antigen (HPA)-1 by Capture-P(R), (Immucor, Inc., Norcross, GA) solid phase red cell adherence (SPRCA) were compared to results of allele-specific restriction enzyme analysis (ASRA) for the determination of HPA-1 allotype. Because the expression of HPA-1a and HPA-1b is determined by a single nucleotide substitution of thymine --> cytosine at position 196 of the gene encoding membrane glycoprotein (GP)-IIIa, it is possible to distinguish the alternate forms of the gene using ASRA. Primers (5'- GCTCCAATGTACGGGGTAAACTC-3' and 5'-CAGACCTCCACCTTGTGCTCTATG- 3') were designed to amplify the region of DNA that contains the polymorphism and a restriction enzyme (Nci I) was used to cleave the DNA in a predictable manner. Platelet-rich plasma for immunophenotying and anticoagulated whole blood for DNA extraction were obtained from 159 platepheresis donors. Of 159 SPRCA tests, 138 were valid and 21 were invalid due to positive autologous controls. For 135 HPA-1a-positive and 2 HPA-1a-negative phenotype tests the DNA typing results correlated: 135 positive samples were either HPA-1a/a or HPA-1a/b and 2 negative samples were HPA-1b/b. One donor that typed as HPA-1b/b by ASRA had a positive result of 2+ on SPRCA. This donor had been previously typed by SPRCA as HPA-1a-negative and DNA typed as HPA-1b/b by our laboratory. Based on these findings results of = 3+ by SPRCA are interpreted as HPA-1a-positive for donor screening purposes. SPRCA test results of = 2+ are considered equivocal and the HPA-1 allotype is determined by ASRA. HPA-1a-negative donors by SPRCA must be confirmed as HPA-1b/b by ASRA prior to issue for a patient that requires HPA-1anegative platelets.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1999

Identification of substrate sequences for membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase using bacteriophage peptide display library.

Membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) has been reported to mediate the activation of progelatinase A (proMMP-2) which is associated with tumor invasion and metastasis, and also known to have an ability to digest extracellular matrix components. To clarify substrate specificity of MT1-MMP, we have searched for amino acid sequences cleaved by this protease using the hexamer substrate phage library consisting of a large number of randomized amino acids sequences. The consensus substrate sequences for MT1-MMP were deduced from the selected clones and appeared to be P-X-G/P-L at the P3-P1' sites. Peptide cleavage assay revealed that MT1-MMP preferentially digested a synthetic substrate containing Pro of the P1 position compared to that being substituted with Gly. Our results may have an important implication to identifying new target proteins for MT1-MMP and leading to the design of its selective inhibitors suitable for cancer chemotherapy.

Bacteriophages↗

PubMed1999

Structural basis for the regulation of UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine: polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyl transferase-3 gene expression in adenocarcinoma cells.

The UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine: polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyl transferase-3 (Gal NAc-T3) gene, a member of the Gal NAc transferase gene family, is expressed in a tissue-specific manner. To elucidate the function of this gene, we have focused on the molecular mechanism underlying regulation of gene expression. We have cloned Gal NAc-T3 cDNA and used it to show that Gal NAc-T3 mRNA is expressed in tumor cell lines derived from secretory epithelial tissue adenocarcinomas but not in cell lines derived from bladder and epidermoid carcinomas. Using a polyclonal antibody to Gal NAc-T3, we observed protein expression in adenocarcinoma but not non-adenocarcinoma cell lines, and in breast carcinoma cells but not in normal breast tissue. We used Gal NAc-T3 cDNA to isolate three overlapping genomic clones containing the 5'-portion of the human Gal NAc-T3 gene, and we sequenced 1.6 kb around the first exon. A transient expression assay using the luciferase gene showed that promoter activity was much higher in MCF-7 cells than in KB cells. In vivo footprint experiments showed significant protection of a distal GC box, an NRF-1 site, and an AP-2 site in MCF-7 cells. A novel stem and loop structure extending from nucleotide -103 to nucleotide -165 and contiguous to these transcription factor binding sites seemed to be functional in regulating Gal NAc-T3 gene transcription, and a KMnO4 footprint experiment showed that this stem and loop structure could be formed in vivo. We also observed dimethyl sulfate hypersensitive sites in the untranslated region around nucleotide +50 in MCF-7 but not in KB cells. These findings indicate that Gal NAc-T3 gene expression is regulated by multiple systems, including transcription factor binding sites and a stem-and-loop structure, and that this regulation is restricted to cell lines derived from epithelial gland adenocarcinomas but not cells derived from nonsecretory epithelial tissue carcinomas. In addition, our immunohistochemical results suggest that our anti-Gal NAc-T3 antibody may be useful for diagnostic purposes in the early stages of breast cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1999

The role of the posterior parietal cortex in human object recognition: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

The mechanisms involved in visual object recognition from non-canonical viewpoints were investigated using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We used a passive observation task and found three areas activated more strongly in the non-canonical viewing condition compared with the canonical viewing condition. First, it was found that the fusiform gyrus and posterior part of the inferior temporal cortex were involved in the processing of shape information. Next, it was found that the posterior parietal cortex, mainly the superior parietal lobule and the ventral part of premotor area were involved in visuospatial processing and accessing sensorimotor knowledge. These results may indicate that recognition from non-canonical viewpoints is supported by using functional properties of the object, which require more real-time processing for object manipulation.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

An infectious DNA clone of HIV type 1 subtype C.

Among the 10 subtypes of the M group of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, subtype C is the most prevalent in India and may dominate worldwide in the near future; however, there has been no report on the infectious DNA clone of this subtype. We have isolated an infectious DNA clone of the 93IN101 strain of HIV-1 subtype C, which was isolated in India in 1993. MAGIC5 cells, which are derived from HeLa-CD4-LTR-beta-gal (MAGI) cells and express CCR5, were inoculated with the 93IN101 strain of HIV-1 subtype C. The genomic DNA of the infected cells was used as a template for amplification of the HIV-1 genome. The genome DNA obtained was subcloned into pBR322, and the resulting plasmid was designated as pIndie-C1. The insert of pIndie-C1 was 9680 bp in length and had an intact genomic organization with open reading frames of all structural, regulatory, and accessory proteins. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the nucleotide sequence of pIndie-C1 is closely related to those of HIV-1 subtype C isolated in India. Transfection of pIndie-C1 into 293T cells yielded as much virus as did pNL432, one of the most widely used HIV DNA clones. The recovered Indie-C1 virus infected MAGIC5 but not the parent MAGI cells, indicating that Indie-C1 is CCR5 tropic. Expressed Env protein was reacted efficiently with the sera of HIV-1-infected patients of India, but not of Japan. Expression of Nef and Vpr was also confirmed by immunoblotting.

Gene Products, env↗

PubMed1999

Intragenic mutation analysis of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene in malignant human oral keratinocytes.

Alteration in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression is frequently associated with malignant transformation of epithelial tissues, including oral mucosa. This study examines the mutations in the coding region of the human EGFR gene in normal and malignant human oral keratinocytes. To examine the intragenic mutations in the human EGFR gene, a panel of normal and malignant human oral keratinocytes were examined by a nonisotopic RNase cleavage assay. Two consistent alterations were detected. First, a polymorphism, which generates a unique BsrI restriction site, was detected at position 2073. This BsrI polymorphism was present only in malignant keratinocytes. Second, Southern blot hybridization of PCR products revealed that there is a truncated EGFR mRNA (approximately 1.5-kb) in oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Similar analysis in normal cell lines revealed that this truncated EGFR transcript is also present. Immunoblotting revealed the presence of this truncated form of EGFR in all keratinocyte cell lines. These data permit us to conclude that there exists a novel truncated form of EGFR in human oral keratinocytes. Furthermore, there exists a tumor-associated BsrI polymorphic site at position 2073. The potential biological relevance of the truncated receptor and the utility of the BsrI polymorphic site for diagnostic applications are currently being explored.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗

PubMed1999

Mutants of cholera toxin as an effective and safe adjuvant for nasal influenza vaccine.

The effectiveness and safety of mutants of cholera toxin (CT) as an adjuvant for nasal influenza vaccine was examined. Four CT mutants, called CT7 K (Arg to Lys), CT61F (Arg to Phe), CT112 K (Glu to Lys), and CT118E (Glu to Gln), were produced by the replacement of one amino acid at the A1-subunit using site-directed mutagenesis. All these mutants were confirmed to be less toxic than native CT when the toxicity was analysed by using Y1 adrenal cells in vitro. When high (1 microg) and low (0.1 microg) doses of these CT mutants, together with high (1 microg) and low (0.1 microg) doses of influenza A/PR/8/34 virus (H1N1) vaccine, respectively, were administered intranasally into BALB/c mice in a two dose regimen (twice, 4 weeks apart), they produced both anti-PR8 hemagglutinin (HA) IgA and IgG antibody (Ab) responses roughly in a dose-dependent manner. The relatively low level of anti-HA Ab responses, induced by the low dose CT mutants, were enough to provide complete protection against the homologous virus infection. Under these vaccination conditions, no anti-CTB IgE Ab responses were induced. The mutant CT112 K, which showed a relatively high adjuvant activity, the lowest toxicity and relatively high yields in a bacterial culture, seems to be the most effective and safest adjuvant for nasal influenza vaccine among those examined. The low dose of CT derivatives or vaccine used in the mouse model (0.1 microg/20 g mouse) corresponded to 100 microg/20 kg, the estimated dose per person. A tentative plan for safety standards for human use of CT (or LT) derivatives as an adjuvant of nasal influenza vaccine is discussed.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗

PubMed1999

Involvement of motor cortices in retrieval of kanji studied by functional MRI.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging was successfully used to study the activation of the motor cortices during retrieval of Japanese ideogram, kanji. The subjects performed kanji completion tasks to generate a kanji in response to an element which is always written first. In most of the subjects, the contralateral premotor cortex, the presupplementary motor area (pre-SMA) and the bilateral intraparietal sulcus were activated during retrieval of kanji without actual writing nor intentional mental writing. Activation associated with actual writing was shown in the contralateral primary sensorimotor cortex and the SMA proper. These results suggested that retrieval of kanji would share the neural basis of motor representation with writing of kanji except for regions directly working for motor output.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of listening comprehension of languages in human at 3 tesla-comprehension level and activation of the language areas.

Passive listening comprehension of native and non-native language was investigated using high resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at a static magnetic field strength of 3 tesla. Wernicke's area was activated by comprehensive and non-comprehensive languages indicating that this area is associated with common phonological processing of language. The task with comprehensive but non-native language activated Broca's area and angular gyrus most frequently. The activations in these areas may be related to demand in semantic and syntactic processing in listening comprehension. Supplementary motor area and pre-motor area were activated by comprehensive languages but not by non-comprehensive language. These motor controlling areas may be involved in semantic processing. Listening to comprehensive but non-native language seems to demand more networked co-processing.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Enhanced protection against a lethal influenza virus challenge by immunization with both hemagglutinin- and neuraminidase-expressing DNAs.

The ability of plasmid DNA encoding hemagglutinin (HA), neuraminidase (NA) or matrix protein (M1) from influenza virus A/PR/8/34 (PR8) (H1N1), and mixtures of these plasmid DNAs (HA + NA and HA + NA + M1) to protect against homologous or heterologous virus infection was examined in BALB/c mice. Each DNA was inoculated twice, 3 weeks apart, or four times, 2 weeks apart, at a dose of 1 microg of each component per mouse by particle-mediated DNA transfer to the epidermis (gene gun). Seven days after the last immunization, mice were challenged with a lethal homologous or heterologous virus and the ability of each DNA to protect the mice from influenza was evaluated by observing lung virus titers and survival rates. The administration of a plasmid DNA mixture of either (HA + NA) or (HA + NA + M1) provided almost complete protection against the PR8 virus challenge, and this protection was accompanied by high levels of specific antibody responses to the respective components. The degree of protection afforded in these groups is significantly higher than that in mice given either HA- or NA-expressing DNA alone, which provided only a partial protection against PR8 challenge or that in mice given M1-expressing DNA, which failed to provide any protection. In addition, both of the plasmid DNA mixtures (HA + NA) and (HA + NA + M1) showed a slight tendency to provide cross-protection against an A/Yamagata/120/86 (H1N1) virus challenge, and this was accompanied by a relatively high level of cross-reacting antibodies. Thus, there was no clear difference between the ability of the HA + NA and HA + NA + M1 plasmid DNA mixtures in providing protection against either a PR8 or heterologous virus challenge. These results suggest that in mice immunized by gene gun, a mixture of plasmid DNAs encoding HA and NA can provide the most effective protection against the virus challenge. The addition of the M -expressing plasmid DNA to this mixture does not enhance the degree of protection afforded.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

Prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Forty-six samples of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) were evaluated for the prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Southern blot hybridization, and in situ hybridization (ISH). EBV DNA was detected in 7 (15.2 per cent) out of 46 samples by a combination of PCR and Southern blot hybridization methods. All seven positive samples showed well-differentiated carcinoma, thus suggesting a possible relationship between EBV infection and the degree of differentiation of carcinoma tissue. Latent infection membrane protein 1 (LMP1) was detected immunohistochemically in six of the EBV-positive OSCCs. However, no signal of the EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER)-1 was demonstrated by the ISH method. No significant relationship was observed between EBV infection and lymph node metastasis. A follow-up study (range from 4.4 to 79 months; mean 34.9 months) showed no recurrence or death to occur in the EBV-positive patients, which thus suggested a good prognosis for EBV-positive OSCC patients.

Adult↗