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Biomedical subjects

K Matsuno

Publications and source records attributed to K Matsuno.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Electric footshock-induced changes in behavior and opioid receptor function.

The present electric shock (ES) schedule produced significant behavioral changes, such as analgesia and motor suppression, and functional changes in binding capacities for opioid agonist and antagonist. In the naloxone (5 mg/kg, SC 15 min before ES application) pretreated rats, these behavioral and biochemical changes were blocked. In addition, when preincubation (37 degrees C, 30 min) was not carried out in the process of preparation of synaptic membrane, the ES-induced functional changes in hibh affinity binding sites were not observed. Moreover, the present data indicated that preincubation may produce the destruction of [3H]-D-ala2,L-met5-enkephalinamide ([3H]-DAMEA) specific binding sites with the forced dissociation of endogenous delta-type opioid peptides from delta opioid receptors. In addition, the significant decrease of [3H]-DAMEA specific binding in the ES membrane suggested that delta-type opioid peptides were released more than steady state level by ES application and bound to the delta opioid receptors. Therefore, these results suggest that ES-induced behavioral and biochemical changes were mediated by opioid peptides which were released by ES application. In addition, the ES-induced analgesia may be mediated by high affinity delta opioid receptor.

Analgesia↗
PubMed1985

How can quantum mechanics of material evolution be possible? Symmetry and symmetry-breaking in protobiological evolution.

Material self-assembly as a self-organizing process is always accompanied by symmetry-breaking in the material configuration. Self-sequencing of amino acids during their thermal polymerization has lost a certain property of permutation symmetry that was observed in the mixture of free amino acids. The evolutionary precursor state is more symmetrical about its internal material configuration and more degenerate due to the multitude of the indistinguishable individuals. The evolution proceeds in the direction along which the degeneracy in the internal states dissolves owing to the symmetry-breaking originating in material flow equilibrium of open material aggregates. Protobiological information is latent in the material system which is highly symmetrical and highly degenerate in its internal states. Evolution of matter is an endogenous process in which the earlier symmetric property is lost and less degenerate states are approached. Quantum-mechanically, the generation of protobiological information is due to the symmetry-breaking of the Hamiltonian originating in the interaction with the exterior through material flow, in contrast to the Schrödinger equation which preserves a symmetry and the associated invariants.

Biological Evolution↗
PubMed1985

[Application of a shuttle avoidance response in rats to evaluate a drug-induced visual impairment].

In attempts to study drug-induced visual impairment, we measured the visual threshold in rats using the shuttle box method. Male Wistar rats were trained to avoid an electric shock during the presentation of conditioned stimuli (light and/or tone). The percent of avoidance was significantly decreased in rats suffering, from valinomycin-induced cataracts or alkaline-burn on the cornea when light alone was used as the conditioned stimulus. However, these rats could respond correctly to the conditioned stimulus of tone. On the other hand, rats whose eyes were impaired before conditioning could acquire the avoidance response to the presentation of both tone and light. However, when these conditioned stimuli were presented separately, the animals could not avoid the shock in the presentation of light. From these results, it appears that this method is easily applied, and the visual impairment of many rats can be detected over a short period. This approach may be a useful method for screening visual toxicity of drugs.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The interaction of eptazocine, a novel analgesic, with opioid receptors.

The profile of action of eptazocine, a novel analgesic, on opioid receptors was investigated. Eptazocine caused a concentration-dependent inhibition against the [3H]-naloxone [( 3H]-NLX) specific binding to rat brain synaptic membrane in the absence of sodium cation and GTP (IC50; 7.83 +/- 1.57 microM). The ratios of IC50 values between the absence to the presence of sodium cation alone or sodium cation and GTP were 3.89 and 4.35, respectively. In addition, eptazocine (10 microM) also produced the significant decrease of [3H]-NLX specific binding in the mouse brain synaptic membrane. Moreover, the same dose eptazocine significantly decreased the [3H]-ethylketocyclazocine [( 3H]EKC) specific binding, but not [3H]-phencyclidine [( 3H]-PCP). These results suggest that eptazocine interacts with opioid receptor, and is classified as one of the opiate agonist-antagonist analgesics.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1985

The bursa of Fabricius: a trapping site for environmental antigens.

The entry of environmental antigens into the lumen of the bursa of Fabricius was prevented by ligating the bursal duct prior to hatching (BDL: bursal duct ligation). The development of 'natural' serum agglutinins for bacteria and heteroerythrocytes was markedly suppressed by BDL. The antigen-specific recovery was observed by simultaneous administration of sterile antigens into the bursal lumen at the time of BDL. These results strongly suggest that the bursa of Fabricius is a major channel through which environmental antigens stimulate the immune system and induce the formation of 'natural' serum agglutinins.

Agglutinins↗
PubMed1984

Different changes by acute electric footshock of opioid agonist and antagonist receptors in rat brain.

Electric shock (ES) produces an opiate-like analgesia and catalepsy in rats, which may be mediated by endogenous opioid systems. The present study was designed to investigate the alterations of endogenous opioid receptors by an intermittent ES application. In a case of opiate agonists, [3H]dihydromorphine and [3H]D-Ala-Met-enkephalinamide, the application of ES produced a decrease of [3H]ligands' binding capacity. On the contrary, the binding capacity of the opiate antagonist [3H]naloxone was increased by the ES application. These results suggest that endogenous putative opioid agonist- and antagonist-type receptors are differently regulated in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Is matter inanimate? Protobiological information from within.

Biological information refers to the process of how matter informs matter through endogenous boundary conditions, exhibiting a sharp contrast to Shannon's information referring to the process of how coded messages inform a human receiver or observer. The origin and evolution of protobiological and biological information occur because prior polymeric products successively provide new boundary conditions to the subsequent production process. The transition from what looks like inanimate matter to living beings is a continuous process. The underlying mechanism is the physical process that prior products provide new boundary conditions to the subsequent production process in a successive manner. Biological information resides in perpetuating cellular production process which eventually leads to an enhancement of evolutionary specificity. Cellular units are prerequisite to biological evolution, not vice versa.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Electrical excitability of proteinoid microspheres composed of basic and acidic proteinoids.

Material flow equilibration, an endogenous interaction adjustment process underlying fulfillment of material flow continuity during material self-assembly, also underlies electrical excitability observed in the proteinoid microspheres as simulated models of the protocell. The spikings of the membrane potentials are attributed to a singular character of the interaction rate coefficients measuring the strengths of the coupling between basic and acidic proteinoids, in which the rates change singularly with time due to material flow equilibration.

Biological Evolution↗
PubMed1983

Pulmonary deposition of a fly ash aerosol by inhalation.

Disease-free Wistar male rats were exposed to fly ash at an average concentration of 73 mg/m3 for 23 hours per day, 5 days per week for one month. The aerosols were characterized with respect to both physical and chemical properties. The exposed rats were sacrificed to measure the lung burden of fly ash. The lung burden of fly ash was estimated by the measurement of aluminium content in the lung, the average being 9.4 mg in exposed rats. The apparant deposition fraction was 1.8%.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1983

[Air pollution survey in Kitakyushu district].

Airborne particulate samples were collected on a glass fiber filter or quartz filter using Hi-volume air sampler from November, 1980 through February, 1983 at a west part of Yahata district, Japan. The concentrations of airborne particulates, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), heavy metals and dustfall were determined, and mutagenic activities of tarry materials obtained from suspended particulates were also measured. The following results were obtained. (1) The airborne particulate contents were 22.1 - 188 mg/1000 m3 (mean : 74.6 mg/1000 m3), and the values were high in spring and low in summer. (2) PAH contents in airborne particulates were in the following order: benzo(ghi)perylene greater than benzo(a)pyrene greater than benz(a)anthracene greater than chrysene greater than benzo(k)fluoranthene greater than pyrene greater than perylene. PAH contents were higher in winter that in summer. The benzo(a)pyrene contents were 1.97 micrograms/1000 m3 in 1981 and 1.92 micrograms/1000 m3 in 1982. (3) Heavy metals content was about 2.1 - 3.6 higher in winter in comparison with that in summer time. (4) Mutagenic activity showed 90 - 11900 revertants/1000 m3 for TA 98 strain with S-9 mix and 50 - 7190 revertants/1000 m3 for TA 98 strain without S-9 mix. Mutagenic activities for TA 98 with S-9 mix were higher than those for TA 98 without S-9 mix. (5) As a result of the analysis of airborne particulate samples, a significant correlation was observed between mutagenic activities and the concentrations of PAH and heavy metals. These results indicated that the mutagenic survey may be useful as an index for air pollution study.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1983

Evolutionary changes in the information content of polypeptides.

Thermal proteins arising from the self-sequencing of amino acids satisfy the necessary conditions required for them to become a candidate of the evolutionary precursors of contemporary proteins. The source matrix of information or, equivalently, the statistical ensemble of polypeptides, in reference to which the information content of each amino acid residue can be defined and determined, changes with time endogenously through the production of and the change in the mechanism of production of polypeptides. The change proceeds in the direction along which the order of autocatalysis, the number of autocatalytic polymers needed for synthesizing one such polymer, increases. The underlying dynamics is material flow equilibration working in any material aggregate open to material flow, saying that any open system changes its interaction with the exterior endogenously and successively so as to maintain the continuity of material flow there. The self-sequencing and the autocatalytic polymerization of amino acids are the forms of producing polypeptides. The change in the mechanism of producing polypeptides results from the incorporation of polynucleotides into the polypeptide synthesis. The earlier polymeric information translation proceeds from polypeptide to polynucleotide. The direction of translation is reversed at a later stage of evolution. All these evolutionary events are consistent with viewing thermal proteins produced by self-sequencing of amino acids as an evolutionary precursor of contemporary proteins.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1983

[Determination of organic solvent vapors by a gas monitoring badge. An experimental study on the response time].

New passive personal monitors for organic vapors in work places: the New Du Pont PRO-TEKTM G-AA Organic Vapor Air Monitoring Badge (A) and the 3M Brand Organic Vapor Monitor (B), were tested under certain experimental conditions. Organic solvents adsorbed on activated carbon strip through the diffusion paths of badges were determined by means of gas chromatography and the results were compared with theoretical values. The experimental results well agreed with the theoretical values and the diffusion of organic vapors through the diffusion paths of these passive personal monitors could be estimated theoretically by the Fick's second law of diffusion. If the "relative response time" is defined as the value of Dt/L2 and C/C0 = 0.632, the relative response time of these samplers is 1.3. The response time of the two badges for organic vapors for toluene, ethylbenzene and ethyl acetate were calculated from the above mentioned Dt/L2 = 1.3, that is, 2.1, 2.2 and 1.9 seconds for A badge and 13.4, 14.0 and 12.3 seconds for B badge to each solvent respectively. From the results of this experiment, it was found that the response time of A badge was remarkably faster than that of B badge, and even A badge needed 7-10 seconds exposure to reflect the environmental concentration.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗