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Biomedical subjects

K Matsubara

Publications and source records attributed to K Matsubara.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Identification of the driver in two-rider motorcycle accidents. Inguinal contusion-laceration as an indication of the driver.

In motorcycle accidents involving two riders, medicolegal identification of the driver is necessary when one or both riders die. It is particularly important in the latter case, because the survivor almost always insists that he or she was not driving. One characteristic injury that distinguishes the driver from the passenger is inguinal contusion-laceration (accompanied internally by pelvic fracture). This injury, caused by collision of the pelvis with the fuel tank, identifies the driver.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1990

Identification of the driver in an automobile collision.

We report on a three-occupant automobile collision in which one of the two survivors claimed that the deceased had operated the vehicle. We attempted to identify the driver. The left face and neck of the deceased appeared to have struck the vehicle's interior. The survivors were slightly injured on the right side of their faces. In Japan, the passenger side is on the left, and in this case, the right side of the vehicle had been damaged. By comparing the injuries of the deceased and the survivors in relation to the vehicle damages, we concluded that the deceased occupant had probably been a passenger, not the driver.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1990

Correlation of tissue-specific methylation with gene inactivity in hepatitis B virus transgenic mice.

We produced transgenic mice using two constructs, HB-GII and 1.2HB-BS, of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA. The former has been designed to express mRNAs for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), and the later to express all mRNAs of HBV. Several lines of the transgenic mice carrying each construct were examined for the tissue-specificity and level of HBV DNA expression, and for the relationship between expression and methylation of the transgenes. Only one out of ten for HB-GII and one out of eight for 1.2HB-BS were high producers of viral antigens. In high producers, transgenes were expressed in the liver and the kidneys. But in low producers, transgenes were usually expressed only in the kidneys. There is a reciprocal relationship between the level of expression and the degree of methylation, that is, the higher the level of expression, the less the degree of methylation. We also observed that the expression of the integrated HBV-DNA was repressed by methylation following its passage through the female germline in one line. Thus, in addition to transacting factors that can control the gene expression positively or negatively, this tissue-specific methylation may also be involved in the regulation of HBV gene expression.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Chromosome regional mapping for the human thyroid stimulating hormone beta subunit (TSHB) gene.

The human thyroid stimulating hormone beta subunit (TSHB) gene, located on chromosome 1, was studied to determine its subregional location by in situ hybridization and Southern blot analysis of human x mouse hybrid cells. The results allowed localization of TSHB to the proximal portion of 1p22, which is in the region of localization of the linkage group including amylase (AMY), nerve growth factor beta subunit (NGFB), and NRAS, which are conserved in humans and rodents.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1990

Amylase-producing plasmacytoma cell lines, AD3 and FR4, with der(14)t(8;14) and dic(8)t(1;8) established from ascites.

We established two human plasma cell lines, FR4 and AD3, from ascitic fluid in a patient with IgA k plasmacytoma (PC). Aberrant amylase production was found in this patient. Both AD3 and FR4 were free of Epstein-Barr virus, and both produced Ig A k in vitro. They produced amylase of the salivary type in vitro. This was confirmed by the demonstration of amylase mRNA comigrating with salivary gland mRNA. These cell lines commonly had unusual chromosomal abnormalities der(14)t(8;14) and dic(8)t(1;8). AD3 had additional chromosomal abnormalities compared with FR4. This suggests that AD3 is a subline of FR4. The oncogene c-myc is rearranged in most case of Burkitt's lymphoma with t(8;14). However, neither rearrangement nor amplification of the c-myc allele was detected in our PC lines. These lines expressed c-myc of 2.4 kb. There were no structural changes in the amylase genes of AD3 and FR4 detectable with Southern blotting analysis. As these lines were authentic PC lines, they would be useful for the future study of the relationship between the mechanism of oncogenesis and the rare tumor aberration, amylase production.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Studies on immunobiological activities of periodontopathic bacteria. Comparison of the activities of soluble components from Bacteroides gingivalis and Actinomyces viscosus].

It has been proposed that Bacteroides gingivalis and Actinomyces viscosus are most important agents to pathogenesis of the periodontitis and gingivitis. In this study, the influences of sonic extracts prepared from B. gingivalis and A. viscosus for DNA synthesis of murine lymphocytes, production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), collagenase and interleukin-1 (IL-1) from human peripheral monocyte were investigated. Furthermore, PGE2 and collagenase production by fibroblasts from human periodontal ligament (HPLF) and gingiva (Gin 1) stimulated with macrophage conditioned medium (MCM) cultured with bacterial sonic extracts were examined. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The sonic extracts (10 micrograms/ml protein) from B. gingivalis and A. viscosus showd low mitogenic activity to spleen cells, however, induced polyclonal B cell activation. 2. Although, the effect of these sonic extracts on the production of PGE2 and collagenase by human peripheral monocyte was not found, the induction of IL-1 production was recognized. 3. The culture supernatants of C3H/HeN mouse peritoneal macrophage stimulated with sonic extracts of B. gingivalis and A. viscosus were induced PGE2 and collagenase production by HPLF and Gin 1. These results suggest that the cellular components of B. gingivalis and A. viscosus may play the pathogenic roles in periodontal tissue destruction through the stimulation of macrophage and/or lymphocyte.

Actinomyces viscosus↗
PubMed1990

Paternity testing: blood group systems and DNA analysis by variable number of tandem repeat markers.

Two recent paternity cases are reported. In the first case of paternity exclusion, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) on variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) loci with multiple alleles were informative, as well as established systems of red blood antigens, red cell enzymes, serum proteins, and human leukocyte antigens. In the second case, in which both the alleged father and the first wife were deceased, the paternal genotype was determined by using genetic markers from the second wife and four children, which then were compared with the paternal alleles of the child in question, the plaintiff in this case. The high probability of paternity (0.999,998,7) made us conclude that the man probably was the actual father. The DNA analysis by VNTR probes appears to be quite valuable in the study of paternity cases.

Alleles↗
PubMed1990

[Three cases of oligomeganephronia].

Three cases of bilateral renal hypoplasia with oligomeganephronia are reported. In all three patients urine abnormalities were pointed out by annual urine screening for school-children and they showed mild or moderate deterioration of renal function. One patient had repeated episodes of urinary tract infection, and bilateral vesico-ureteral reflux (grade III) was found by the voiding cystourethrography. Light microscopic findings of renal biopsy specimens were similar in three cases; significant hypertrophy of the glomerulus and tubulus; mild mesangial expansion, and interstitial changes. Further histological examination which was done in one case showed widespread foot process fusion, mesangial interposition and membrane-like structures by electron microscopy, and mesangial IgA deposition by immunofluorescence. Three was no alteration in immuno-staining pattern for basement membrane components, including type VI and V collagens, laminin and fibronectin, in the glomeruli.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Quantitative analysis of the slow-phase in LMLN].

Latent/manifest latent nystagmus (LMLN) is a jerky type of nystagmus with the fast phase directed toward the fixating eye. A previous report described that the slow phase shows decreasing-velocity exponentials. However, it is sometimes difficult to differentiate between pure LMLN and latent nystagmus with congenital nystagmus. Furthermore, there has been no detailed report of quantitative analysis of the waveform of LMLN. Therefore, in the present study 18 cases with LMLN were clinically selected and their eye positions and/or strabismus were carefully studied. The eye movement was recorded by a photo-electric device. The patients fixated on a small white target placed at 0, 5, 10, and 15 degrees either from the center toward the right or toward the left in the horizontal plane. Eye movement in each position for at least one minute's duration was recorded on a floppy disc after being digitized by an A/D converter. Then, the time constant of the slow phases were estimated using the repetitive non-linear least square method by a personal computer (NEC, PC 9801). Details of the method have been described previously. The 18 cases were first classified into three groups, based on analysis of the slow phases; 1. decreasing-velocity type, 2. increasing-velocity type, and 3. combination of 1. and 2. In group 1. esotropia or intermittent esophoria was present in all cases (100%) and none of them had stereopsis. In group 2 on the other hand, exophoria or intermittent exotropia was present in 4 (51%) out of 7 cases, and 6 (96%) out of 7 cases had stereopsis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Long-term follow-up of electrocardiographic changes in patients with asymmetric apical hypertrophy].

The serial electrocardiographic (ECG) changes of 20 patients with asymmetric apical hypertrophy (AAH) were retrospectively reviewed relative to their clinical symptoms, echocardiography and Doppler echocardiography, and thallium-201 perfusion scintigraphy. These patients were followed 4-18 years (mean 8 years). Patterns of the serial ECG changes were as follows: Seven patients (group Ia) had an increase of 10 mm or greater in the highest R wave amplitude in the precordial leads, with newly-developed giant T wave inversion. Five patients (group Ib) had relatively stable ECGs and the changes in the R wave amplitudes of less than 10 mm. Six patients (group IIa) had a decrease of 10 mm or greater in the highest R wave amplitude with mild decreases of negative T wave amplitudes. In the remaining two patients (group IIb) right bundle branch block developed. At the last follow-up study, group IIa had lower R wave amplitudes and longer QTc than did those in group I. The follow-up periods and their mean age did not differ among the groups. At the initial evaluation, exercise limitation was rare in group I; whereas, most of the patients in group II presented symptoms such as palpitation, chest pain or exertional dyspnea. These cardiac symptoms developed slowly but progressively during the follow-up period, and their incidence increased both in groups I and II at the final observation. Left ventricular (LV) wall thickness at the chordal level showed normal values and did not differ between the two groups, but apical wall thickness was greater in group II than in group I. Two-dimensional echocardiography showed a spade-like deformity of the LV in group II. In group I, the LV deformity was less marked and was not noted at the initial examination. Color Doppler echocardiography frequently revealed "paradoxical flow" expelled from the obliterated apex to the base in the early diastolic filling period in group II. Left ventriculography confirmed asynchronous contraction, hyperkinesis in the basal segment and dyskinesis at the apical segment, resulting in this abnormal intraventricular blood flow profiles. Serial studies by thallium-201 (TL) perfusion scintigraphy disclosed that four of the eight patients in group II developed localized hypoperfusion at the apex where a high and homogeneous uptake of TL was previously noted.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The clinical application and limitation of electrocardiography].

Electrocardiography (EGG) is one of the most useful methods for diagnosis of the heart diseases, including ischemic heart disease, cardiomegaly and arrhythmias. However, image methods such as echocardiography, CT-scan and MRI for diagnosis of heart diseases developed in the recent several years gave rise to some conflictions between the findings obtained by ECG and the imaging methods. Therefore, the diagnostic criteria of ECG had to be re-examined. The body Surface Map (MAP) with 87 leads on the body surface revealed more circumstantial electric phenomena of the heart than the standard 12-lead ECG and vectorcardiography. However, the MAP needs a lot of time for recording and diagnosis because of its many electrodes. Computer diagnosis adequately developed, and simplification and abbreviation of recording are required. Morphologic disorders of the heart can be diagnosed more adequately by imaging methods such as echocardiography and CT-scan than ECGs. However for the study of arrhythmias, ECGs including standard 12-lead, vector and Holter electrocardiographies, and MAP are almost the only methods now available. Each method of ECG has different characteristics and is widely accepted not only for clinical diagnosis but also research of arrhythmias. In the near future, noninvasive examination from the body surface to reveal a minute electric change of the heart will be expected instead of invasive examinations as His-bundle ECGs.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1990

[Determination of blood cyanide using head-space gas chromatography with electron capture detection].

Two head-space gas chromatographic methods for the determination of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in blood were demonstrated using electron capture detector (ECD). One was the double head-space gas sampling technique and the other used the reaction pre-column packed with Chloramine-T for the conversion of HCN into cyanogen chloride (CNC1). In the former method, HCN in blood was firstly released by acidification, and then the HCN gas was replaced into the another vial in which Chloramine-T solution had been placed. The head-space gas in the second vial was analyzed by gas chromatograph (GC). In the latter, HCN gas released was directly injected into the GC pre-connected the reaction column. The conversion of HCN into CNC1 was easily achieved by both methods. The use of dichloromethane as an internal standard and PTFE-faced septum for the sealing of vial greatly improved the precision and reliability of these analytical methods. The calibration curves by these methods gave good linearity and the lower detection limit taken from these plots was ca. 0.05 micrograms/ml. In particular, the reaction pre-column method, by which blood cyanide can be analyzed rapidly and accurately with only simple alteration of apparatus, is superior in the routine analysis of blood cyanide.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1990

Integration of hepatitis B virus DNA and its implications for hepatocarcinogenesis.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA integrates into human hepatocyte DNA. We have gathered the available data on the structure of the integrants from human hepatocellular carcinomas, and classified them into those that seem to represent primary integrants and those that are the products of secondary rearrangements. By means of structural analyses of the possible primary integrants, we deduced that the replication intermediates of the viral genome are the preferred substrates for integration. The integrated HBV DNA and the target cellular DNA are invariably associated with deletions, possibly reflecting the substrate for, and the mechanism of, the integration reaction. The target cell DNA sequence, as well as the target site of integration in chromosomes, seems to be selected randomly, suggesting that HBV DNA integration should bring about random mutagenic effects. Several samples recovered from hepatocellular carcinomas show that the integrated HBV DNA can mediate secondary rearrangements of chromosomes, such as translocations, inversions, deletions and (possibly) amplifications. Thus, HBV DNA integration causes multiple mutagenic effects. We argue that during hepatitis infection, the tendency of rearrangement of hepatocyte chromosomes is combined with the forcible turnover of cells. This is a constantly operating system for the selection of cells that grow better than average cells, possibly involving important steps in multistaged hepatocarcinogeneses.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1990

Identification and localization of epidermal growth factor and its receptor in the human glomerulus.

Radioimmunoassay for epidermal growth factor (EGF) was performed using the homogenates of glomeruli and tubular preparations obtained from normal human kidneys. EGF-immunoreactive material was 3- to 5-fold higher in the glomerular fractions than in the tubular fraction. By indirect immunofluorescence with a monoclonal antibody, EGF was positive in three of five normal human kidney tissues and in tissues of 24 of 33 patients with proliferative and nonproliferative types of glomerular diseases. Acid-urea treatment of tissue sections to unmask a hidden epitope of the EGF molecule disclosed EGF immunoreactivity in four more kidney specimens. EGF was localized along the glomerular capillary walls and was also present in the arterioles and small arteries. Staining with three monoclonal antibodies recognizing two different epitopes of EGF receptor (EGF-R) was positive in tissues of 2 normal subjects and 15 patients with glomerular diseases. EGF-R was found along the glomerular capillary walls, in peritubular capillaries, and within the epithelial cells of distal tubules and collecting ducts. Immunoelectron microscopy with colloidal gold staining showed that EGF and EGF-R were localized in the plasma membrane of glomerular endothelial cells. Immunofluorescence with or without acid-urea denaturation showed coexpression of EGF and EGF-R in glomeruli of 1 normal subject and 12 patients. This study demonstrated the presence of EGF and EGF-R in human glomeruli. There was no obvious difference in EGF and EGF-R expression in glomeruli derived from normal or diseased state.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

[Studies on faint attack due to arrhythmias with Holter electrocardiogram].

Out of 1,400 Holter ECGs, 15 records revealed arrhythmias which would be responsible for faint attack, including 8 sick sinus syndrome with cardiac arrest, 4 non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT), 2 paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and 1 paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. All of cardiac arrest corresponding to faint attack lasted for longer than 4 sec, and an averaged duration of the arrest was 5.8 +/- 2.3 sec. This was significantly longer than that with no subjective symptoms, 3.4 +/- 0.7 sec. Duration and rate of VT did not show any significant relationship with faint attack. The result suggests that cardiac arrest is mostly responsible for arrhythmia-induced involvement of cerebral circulation and faint attack. It is also suggested that cardiac arrest longer than 4 sec should be extensively treated including pacemaker implantation.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1990

[Regional myocardial coronary blood flow reserve in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy assessed by digital subtraction coronary angiography].

Previous observations suggest the presence of ischemia in the disproportionately thickened interventricular septum (IVS) of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), although the details remain obscure. Utilizing digital subtraction coronary angiography (DSA) with LAO projection before and after intracoronary papaverine (P) injection, we evaluated regional myocardial coronary blood flow reserve (rMFR) consecutively 18 patients with HCM, and compared it with that of 8 patients without apparent cardiac abnormality (C). Time-density curves were obtained from digital angiograms of the myocardial region of interest. We measured peak contrast density (Cm) and time to peak contrast (Tm). An index of rMFR was calculated as the quotient of Cm/Tm before and after P. In HCM, rMFR in IVS and apex was significantly lower than that of C (Mid-IVS: 1.9 +/- 0.5 vs 3.9 +/- 0.5, p less than 0.001; Low-IVS: 2.0 +/- 0.5 vs 4.4 +/- 0.9, p less than 0.001; Apex: 2.0 +/- 0.7 vs 4.5 +/- 1.6, p less than 0.01). There was correlation between the impairment of rMFR and the extent of hypertrophy in HCM. In conclusion, we could state that, in HCM, the region of impaired myocardial coronary blood flow reserve is localized. In HCM, DSA is useful in evaluating myocardial coronary blood flow reserve.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Assessment of transient dilation of the left ventricular cavity in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy by exercise thallium-201 scintigraphy].

Exercise Tl scintigraphy (EX-Tl) provides a noninvasive means of identifying myocardial perfusion abnormalities in patients (pts) with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). We have noted that some pts with HCM have a pattern of transient dilation of the left ventricle (LV) on the immediate post exercise images as compared with 3 hour redistribution images. We presumed that left ventricular dilation was caused by subendocardial hypoperfusion. So we studied transient dilation of the LV in 50 pts with HCM and 20 controls (C). Initial and delayed conventional short tomographic images were obtained after reconstruction of 30 projections acquired over 180 degrees. Thirty six radii every 10 degrees were generated from the center of the middle myocardial images of the short axis. An area surrounded by the thirty six points of maximal count on each radius was calculated in initial and delayed images. Transient Dilation Index (TDI) as an index of dilation was determined by dividing an area in initial image by an area in delayed image. TDI in pts with HCM was larger than that in C. Pts with HCM were classified into the two groups, Group A: TDI greater than 1.11 (mean + 2 SD in C), 24 pts, Group B: TDI greater than 1.11, 26 pts. Frequency of pts with history of chest pain in Group A was higher than that in Group B, and frequency of pts with positive exercise ECG in Group A was higher than that in Group B. End diastolic volume in Group B did not change 10 minutes after exercise by radionuclide ventriculography. In conclusion, transient dilation of the LV in pts with HCM by EX-Tl is in appearance, and may reflect subendocardial ischemia.

Adult↗