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Biomedical subjects

K Masuda

Publications and source records attributed to K Masuda.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Magnetic resonance imaging compared with computed tomography and angiography in moyamoya disease.

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging performed in 13 patients with moyamoya disease was reviewed and compared with computed tomography (CT) and angiography. The MR findings consisted of occlusion of arteries, collateral vessels and parenchymal changes. Narrowing or occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and the supraclinoid portion of the internal carotid artery were seen in all hemispheres but one. Collateral vessels, cerebral infarcts and atrophy with dilatation of the ventricles were observed on MR imaging. In general, the MR findings correlated well with angiography regarding occlusive changes and moyamoya vessels but was less sensitive in a few cases. Because of its higher sensitivity in detecting occlusive changes and collateral vessels, MR imaging was superior to CT in the diagnosis of this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Assessment of cisplatin in concurrent use with radiotherapy in esophageal carcinoma--joint research among nationwide multi-facilities, primary results. Research Committee for Radiation and Cisplatin Treatment of Esophageal Carcinoma].

The effect of cisplatin in concurrent use with radiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma has been assessed as a theme of joint research among nationwide 40 facilities for 18 months from October, 1985, to March, 1987. As the subjects, non-operative cases, recurrent cases and metastatic cases diagnosed as esophageal carcinoma were enrolled. Regimens in 4 kinds were used for treatment and CDDP was used concurrently with radiotherapy in all the regimens. The results of classifying and totalizing the effects in 73 cases, of whom the local effects were analyzed, turned out to be: CR-25 cases, CR rate being 34.2% and PR-33 cases, the effective rate being 79.5%. As a result of aggregating the effects by major axis of X-ray image, CR and effective rates were found as 60 and 90% in the cases with the axes less than 5 cm; 36 and 79% in the cases with axes more than 5 cm and less than 10 cm; and 19 and 76% in the cases with the axes more than 10 cm, all respectively.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Predictive analysis of tumor response].

To select the best treatment modality for individual patient with cancer, the oncologist is subjected to consider various factors and parameters predictive of the outcome of therapy. A critical review is presented relating to the prognostic factors in the local control and/or long term survival rate in various kinds of malignant tumors. As predictors of response in cancer patients, it is attributed not only to physical characteristics of ionizing radiation and technical factors, but also tumor- and host-related factors such as gene amplification, DNA pattern, nuclear shape factor, histological grade, growth rate, glucose metabolic state, NMR spectroscopy, tumor marker levels, shape and location of tumor, in vitro sensitivity assay of tumor, age, general immunologic competence and psychological state of the patient. Most of the studies done sofar, are focused on the involvement of only one or two factors for each tumor, but importance of each factor as a predictor of tumor response is not clearly highlighted. It is emphasized that multivariate analysis of all these factors including potential predictors should be performed for each malignant tumor and for each treatment modality.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[Comparison of intravenous drip infusion excretory urography using ionic and non-ionic contrast media].

Ionic and non-ionic contrast media were compared for use in intravenous drip infusion excretory urography. Sixty consecutive cases were classified alternately into two groups, ionic and non-ionic, excluding cases which were known to have factors affecting contrast ability adversely, such as hydronephrosis, renal failure and so on. Each group consisted of 30 cases. A hundred ml of the ionic contrast medium (Diatrizoate--60% Urografin) or non-ionic contrast medium (Iopamidol--Iopamiron 300) was administered I.V. by drip infusion, each infusion taking less than 10 minutes, using a 18 G needle, and 0-minute, 10-minute and 20-minute films were obtained. Visibility of nephrogram, calyceal system, renal pelvis, ureters and bladder were evaluated, ranging from 0 to 3, by six radiologists who were not informed of the contrast medium used. Some detailed factors such as radiographic contrast and fullness of the collecting system and of the bladder were also analyzed. Visualization rate of the ureters was defined as the length of visualized ureters divided by the distance between the renal pelvis and the ureteral orifice of the bladder. There was no significant difference in visualization of nephrogram between the two groups. However, the non-ionic group was superior to the ionic group in visualization of the calyceal system and ureters with statistical significance, probably due to higher radiographic contrast of non-ionic medium. There was no statistical significance between the two groups, in fullness of the calyceal system and visualization rate of the ureters, whereas the ionic group was superior to the non-ionic group in fullness of the bladder.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Double-masked trial of cyclosporin versus colchicine and long-term open study of cyclosporin in Behçet's disease.

The efficacy and safety of oral cyclosporin 10 mg/kg per day in Behçet's disease were compared in a randomised double-masked study with those of colchicine, 1 mg orally per day, and were also investigated in a long-term open study. The double-masked study showed that cyclosporin was effective in treating not only the ocular manifestations of Behçet's disease but also oral aphthous ulcer, dermal lesions, and genital ulceration. Efficacy did not weaken during long-term treatment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Recognition of rat liver and kidney nuclear T3 receptors by an antibody against c-erb A peptide.

It has been reported that c-erb A encodes nuclear T3 receptors (NT3R). Based on the sequence of c-erb A cDNA, we synthesized a polypeptide consisting of 15 amino acids, the sequence of which has high homology between c-erb A alpha 1 and beta. The antibody against this c-erb A peptide not only immunoprecipitated rat liver and kidney NT3R but also inhibited T3 binding to NT3R. In a displacement study, the inhibition of [125I]T3-binding by the antibody was parallel to that by T3 in terms of the concentration of the competitor added in the incubation mixture. Scatchard analysis revealed that the antibody decreased the value for the association constant in a dose dependent manner. The antibody did not bind T3 itself. The results show that the antibody against c-erb A peptide recognizes rat liver and kidney NT3R and that the sequence encoding this peptide, the closest carboxyl-terminal of c-erb A may be critical or at least closely related to the hormone binding.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Usefulness of dual-energy digital radiography in detecting atlas and axis].

Cranial dual-energy digital radiography was applied to three patients. The anatomy of the atlas and axis was clearly recognized without utilizing the open-mouth view. We consider it a very effective technique when applied to the patient who experiences difficulty in opening the mouth, like severe traumatic or infantile patients. In addition, it is a useful examination for patients with suspected anomalies of cranio-vertebral junction.

Axis, Cervical Vertebra↗
PubMed1989

Binding of pirprofen to human serum albumin studied by dialysis and spectroscopy techniques.

The interaction of pirprofen with human serum albumin (HSA) was investigated by equilibrium dialysis and spectroscopic (UV absorption, fluorescence, CD, NMR) techniques. It was found that HSA binds pirprofen nonstereospecifically. The binding of pirprofen depends upon the N-B conformational change of albumin. Chloride ions appear to displace the drug from its binding site. The thermodynamic parameters suggest that the interaction may be explained by electrostatic as well as hydrophobic forces. The absorption spectral changes which accompanied the binding of pirprofen to HSA implied that the aromatic portion of drugs was inserted into the hydrophobic crevice in the protein, while the carboxyl group of the drug interacted with a cationic site on the albumin surface. The NMR data indicated that the pyrroline ring and propionic acid parts may be the major binding site for HSA. A specific binding site for pirprofen on the HSA was found to be site II, benzodiazepine site, using fluorescence probes and drug markers. In addition, from the binding data with modified HSA, it seems that Tyr-411 is specifically involved in pirprofen binding.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed1989

Evaluation of the significance of "redistribution" in I-123 IMP SPECT in cerebrovascular disorders--a comparative study with PET.

We evaluated the significance of redistribution in 123I-IMP SPECT study using PET. Twelve lesions in ten patients were selected. These lesions were classified into the following three groups; ischemia, infarction of subacute phase and infarction of chronic phase. All lesions with ischemia or subacute infarction showed good or moderate redistribution. Three of four lesions with chronic infarction showed no redistribution. The mean values of rCBF and rCMRO2 were highest in the lesions with good redistribution, but there was no differences in rOEF with the degree of redistribution. In conclusion, the tissue with good redistribution is not always viable and it was impossible to predict a region with increased rOEF by redistribution alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Magnetic resonance imaging of jugular foramen neurinomas.

Four cases of jugular foramen neurinoma, extending from the posterior fossa into the temporal bone through the jugular foramen, are reported. The information provided by magnetic resonance imaging was compared with that by computed tomography. Due to the excellent sensitivity, the absence of bone artifacts, and the ease of imaging in any plane, magnetic resonance imaging gave better information particularly about the location of the tumour than X-CT scan did. It included the dumb-bell shaped tumour through the jugular foramen, the extra-axial nature of the tumour, and the precise anatomical relationships between the tumour and the facial and acoustic nerves or the internal carotid artery. Sagittal and coronal views clearly demonstrated the superior and inferior margins of the tumour. The information is very useful not only for preoperative diagnosis but also for planning the surgical approaches and postoperative follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Heterotopic gastric mucosa of the duodenum mimicking a duodenal cancer.

Heterotopic gastric mucosa of peculiar shape and located in the duodenum bore a close resemblance to superficial ulcerating cancer. Radiographic survey showed a flexible lesion with a mucosal pattern resembling area gastrica. Endoscopy revealed its color to be indistinguishable from that of the normal duodenal mucosa. These may be characteristic features of this abnormality.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Plasmacytoma of the pancreatic head.

Plasmacytomas of the pancreas are extremely rare. This is a report of a patient with plasmacytoma of the head of the pancreas who also had an extramedullary plasmacytoma of the epipharynx 19 months earlier. Computed tomographic (CT) scans revealed a multilobular homogeneous mass in the pancreas. Endoscopic biopsy of adjacent polypoid lesions in the duodenum allowed confirmation of the diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Single tuberculous stricture in the jejunum: report of 2 cases.

Intestinal tuberculosis is now considered rare. It usually involves the ileocecal region and often produces multiple ulcers in the small intestine. This is a report of 2 patients who presented with a single tuberculous stricture in the jejunum, an exceedingly rare manifestation of this disease. The stricture in each case consisted of a short girdle ulcer with irregular margins, detected by double-contrast studies of the small intestine.

Constriction, Pathologic↗
PubMed1989

Cerebral blood flow, oxygen and glucose metabolism with PET in progressive supranuclear palsy.

Cerebral blood flow, cerebral oxygen metabolic rate and cerebral glucose metabolic rate were measured with positron emission tomography (PET) in four patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Decreased blood flow and hypometabolism of oxygen and glucose were found in both subcortical and cortical regions, particularly in the striatum including the head of the caudate nucleus and the frontal cortex. The coupling between blood flow and metabolism was preserved even in the regions which showed decreased blood flow and hypometabolism. These findings indicated the hypofunction, as revealed by decreased blood flow and hypometabolism on PET, both in the striatum and the frontal cortex, and which may underlie the pathophysiological mechanism of motor and mental disturbance in PSP.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Radiosensitivity of pre-irradiated mouse skin to second courses of single and multi-fractionated irradiation--skin shrinkage.

The hind legs of mice were re-irradiated with various gamma-ray doses in single or multi-fractionated exposures 6 or 12 months after conditioning irradiation was administered using a variety of treatment schedules. Dose-response relationships were evaluated to ascertain "residual injuries", permissible doses during the second treatments. Fifty to 60 days after the second treatments, the degrees of shrinkage of the skin on the dorsal aspects of the hind legs were measured and used as endpoints. The residual injuries were affected by the biologically effective doses, or by the treatment schedules of not only the first, but also the second exposure. The higher the biologically effective doses, the greater were the residual injuries. Compared to the previously untreated skin, the pre-irradiated skin was relatively radioresistant to the second course of treatments, regardless of the treatment schedule used. The response of the pre-treated skin to a given test dose (25 or 40 Gy) lessened with increasing dose for each treatment schedule used during the first treatment course.

Animals↗