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Biomedical subjects

K Mashimo

Publications and source records attributed to K Mashimo.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Penetration of antibiotics into bile.

In experimental cholecystitis in dogs, the eradication of E. coli with ampicillin, chloramphenical and kanamycin, all of which showed nearly the same MICs for this bacterial species, varied according to the differences in the penetration of the antibiotics through the liver into the bile. Antibiotics such as cephalothin and rifampicin, which are partially metabolized in the liver to inactive forms, showed higher biliary levels in CCl4-damaged animals than in the normal ones. The results were considered to be due to a reduction in the inactivating effect of esterases in the liver cells. These esterases were mainly found in the cytosol fraction and their intracellular distribution differed from that of esterases for aspirin and/or phenyl acetate.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1977

The enhancement of phagocytosis and intra-cellular killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its common antigen (OEP) coated latex particles by mouse spleen macrophages to which anti-OEP-IgG and gentamicin have been added.

This experiment was performed using macrophages derived from mouse spleens immunized or non-immunized with the common antigen (OEP) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The phagocytosis of these macrophages of live or formalin killed Pseudomonas aeruginosa and latex particles coated with OEP were enhanced by the addition of anti-OEP-IgG, but not by immunoglobulin taken from normal mice. The macrophages from mice immunized with OEP showed significantly enhanced phagocytosis of latex particles coated with OEP, but not of live or killed bacteria. The effects of anti-OEP-IgG and gentamicin on phagocytosis and intracellular killing were compared in cases where only anti-OEP-IgG or only getamicin were used as well as in cases where the two were combined. It was found that the two combined was far more effective on phagocytosis and intracellular killing. Furthermore, there was little or no difference in the results depending on whether macrophages from mice immunized or non-immunized with OEP were used.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[A case of subacute bacterial endocarditis treated with clindamycin-2-phosphate (author's transl)].

A sixty-three years old female patient with subacute bacterial endocarditis was treated with clindamycin-2-phosphate parenterally, because she had a history of hypersensitive reaction to penicillins. She had received erythromycin, cephaloridine and cephalexin previously, but had no bacteriological response. When clindamycin-2-phosphate was given intramuscularly, the bacteremia disappeared for the first time. However, after the cessation of this treatment Streptococcus viridans grew in her blood again. It was suggested that this drug was bacteriostatic rather than bactericidal. During this therapy, local tenderness was noticed at the injected sites and a transient maculopapular rash developed which resolved in a few days.

Clindamycin↗
PubMed1976

[Pharmacokinetics in constant drip infusion of cephaloridine-Lilly (author's transl)].

The serum and urinary levels and urinary recovery of cephaloridine during and after two-hour drip infusion of 1 or 2 grams of cephaloridine dissolved in 500 ml of physiological saline solution were determined in four healthy volunteers in cross-over fashion. Using the values of serum levels obtained from this experiment, pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and simulation curves of serum levels for various doses and durations of cephaloridine drip infusion were drawn.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Studies on the absorption and excretion of doxycycline for intravenous use (author's transl)].

The absorption and excretion of a new doxycycline solution for intravenous use (DOTC iv) were studied with the following results. 1. Serum levels following one shot intravenous injection of DOTC iv in glucose solution showed a good dose-response comparable with that of the same dose injection of pyrrolidinomethyltetracycline (PRM-TC). The urinary excretion was also examined. In 200 mg injection, nausea, general warm feeling, odor in mouth and tongue numbness were complained. 2. When DOTC iv was injected intramuscularly, the serum level did not reach the peak value and low level continued for a long time. Moderate local pain was complained at the site of injection. 3. The serum level following drip infection of DOTC dry fill showed a dose-response as well. The local vein tolerated well. 4. No abnormalities were found in clinical and laboratory examinations in all volunteers.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Combination therapy of anti-endotoxin antibody and gentamicin in the immunosuppressed mice with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.

Therapeutic effect of anti-endotoxin antibody in combination with or without an antibiotic, gentamicin, was studied in DD-strain mice experimentally infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Mice were treated by various immunosuppressive agents such as 60Co irradiation, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine or cortisone acetate prior to infection. Anti-endotoxin antibody was made in mice by immunization with original endotoxin protein (OEP). F(ab')2 fragment of IgG prepared from pooled immune sera was administered intravenously without side effects. Large dose of the antibody resulted in remarkable therapeutic effect even in absence of the antibiotic. Small dose of the antibody enhanced the therapeutic effect of gentamicin. Differential effect of the immunosuppressants for T and B lymphocyte populations was examined by anti-theta cytotoxicity test. Resistance of DD-strain mice to P. aeruginosa infection was not related to these lymphocyte population changes.

Animals↗