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Biomedical subjects

K Malinowski

Publications and source records attributed to K Malinowski.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Modulation of human lymphocyte marker expression by gamma irradiation and mitomycin C.

gamma irradiation (GR) or mitomycin C (MC) treatment of stimulator cells is frequently used to achieve unidirectionality of response in the mixed lymphocyte reaction. As GR differs from MC in the pathways used to block lymphocyte replication, this study analyzes the effects of these modalities upon the expression of various differentiation and Class II major histocompatibility antigens on lymphocytes cultured for 24, 48, and 72 hr. There was a decrease in the mean density of HLA-DR expression on CD3+ and on CD8+ cells at 24, 48, and 72 hr after exposure to GR (42 and 35, 60 and 69, and 26 and 49%, respectively) or to MC (26 and 11, 26 and 18, and 46 and 30%, respectively). There was a parallel decrease in the levels of the corresponding cell subsets when compared with control cultured cells not exposed to GR or MC. In contrast, the density of HLA-DR markers on CD3-negative cells was increased at 24, 48, and 72 hr of culture following exposure to GR (73, 82, and 102%, respectively) or to MC (9, 45, and 80%, respectively). There was a more profound decrease in CD3+, CD8+, and CD19+ cell subset levels and in the density of the corresponding markers in GR-treated cells than in those of cells exposed to MC when the results were compared with those of untreated cultured control cells. Although GR appears to exert a more profound effect than MC, the results indicate that both modalities have the capacity to reduce the density of polymorphic determinants on Class II (HLA-D region)-encoded molecules on T (CD3+ and CD8+) and B (CD19+) cells which are known to trigger potent MLR responses. Both modalities may therefore affect profoundly the relative strength of MLC responses and the derived measurements of the degree of HLA Class II compatibility between stimulator and responder cells.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1992

Homing of CD8CD57 T lymphocytes into acutely rejected renal allografts.

This study compares the cellular events in excised rejected renal allografts (RKT), with concurrent data in the peripheral blood (PB) in the same patients. The kidney transplants were obtained from recipients after rejections crises that were refractory to treatment. Two-color flow cytometry data was used for quantitation of cell subset profiles and quantitation of the density of individual lymphocyte surface antigen(s). The level of CD3DR-positive T cells in RKT was significantly higher than in PB. This difference ranged from 3 to 19-fold increases. There was an even more pronounced increase in CD8CD57 cell subset levels in RKT versus PB. In parallel with these findings, there was a 15-fold greater mean density of the CD8CD57 markers on T cells in RKT, when compared with the same cells in PB. The density of CD8 and of DR markers on CD3+ cells was also significantly higher (4-fold in each instance) in RKT. These data point to a homing of CD8CD57 cells with corresponding increases in the density of these markers in acutely rejected renal allografts, with only a relative decrease of this cell subset in peripheral blood. The appearance of a high preponderance of CD8CD57 cells in the renal allograft at the time of a rejection crisis may constitute a particularly severe prognostic sign regarding the reversibility of the response after treatment with steroids and/or monoclonal antibodies.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

The relative capacity of corneal, heart, kidney and skin cells to stimulate allogeneic lymphocytes.

In stimultaneous experiments, the ability of inbred Wistar-Furth rat corneal cells to stimulate inbred Fisher rat lymphocytes in mixed culture was compared with the stimulatory capacity of the same number of Wistar-Furth skin, kidney, heart and lymphocyte cells. The tissue cells were dissociated and after inhibition by mitomycin C cultured with an equal number of allogeneic spleen lymphocytes for 5 days. In all of these mixed cell cultures, the allogeneic lymphocytic response was mainly to the major Ag-B2 histocompatibility antigen. The stimulatory effect of corneal cells was found to be the same as that of heart, kidney and skin cells. The data indicate a lack of differences between the density of histocompatibility antigens on the surfaces of these cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

A micro-procedure for quantitative precipitin tests.

A new method for the quantitative analysis of antigens and antibodies has been based on (1) ultrafiltration of the antigen-antibody precipitates through silver membranes of 0.2 micrometer pore size in a specially designed multisample apparatus, and (2) spectrophotometric determination at 210 nm of the amount of proteins in the antigen-antibody precipitates dissolved in 0.01 N HCl. At this wavelength, the = C = O group of the polypeptide chains constitutes the main chromophoric group. In comparisons with the ninhydrin color reaction, protein determination by low UV spectrophotometry, e.g., at 210 nm, was shown to be about 6 times more sensitive, permitting analysis of samples containing from 1.0 to 35.0 microgram of antigen. The concentration range of protein solutions in 0.01 N HCl which is measured at low UV can be regulated by a factor of 8--10 by changing absorption between 200 and 230 nm. Comparison of the ultrafiltration microtechnique with the standard quantitative precipitin microtechnique involving centrifugation of precipitates was made in 4 different antigen-antibody systems. The new technique was found to be as accurate as the standard technique. It allows completion of analysis within only 5--6 h. The standard precipitin technique, by contrast, requires a 5--7-day reaction period for completion.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The distribution and relative immunogenicity of calf alpha-crystallin antigenic determinants on different subunits.

In the native alpha-crystallin molecule, 45.9% of all reactive antigenic determinants were found to be located on SH-containing subunits. Of these, the majority (35.3%) were reaggregation dependent, and 10.6% were reactive on monomeric subunits. By contrast, only 10.9% of all antigenic determinants were located on SH-free subunits, and the ratio of aggregation-dependent determinants (4.4%) to those of monomeric subunits (6.5%) was reversed compared to SH-containing subunits. Among all antigenic determinants reactive in native alpha-crystallin, 44.1% were dependent on the presence of both types of subunits. These data indicate that the antigenic determinants requiring subunit interaction were formed from SH-containing and SH-free subunits in a ratio of 1:1. Direct analysis showed that in the alpha-crystallin molecule, the ratio of these subunits is 2:1. The experiments indicate that some conformations of subunits in the native molecule persist in separated subunits. The relative immunogenicity of each type of antigenic determinant expressed as the ratio of the percentage of the determinant reactive in the native calf lens alpha-crystallin to the percentage of corresponding antibodies induced by native alpha-crystallin was found to be close to 1.

Animals↗