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Biomedical subjects

K Makiyama

Publications and source records attributed to K Makiyama.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Familial Crohn's disease with systemic lupus erythematosus.

We describe a young Japanese woman who was diagnosed with Crohn's disease affecting the ileum, transverse colon, and rectum, as confirmed by barium studies, colonoscopy, and histopathological examination. Her father and sister also had Crohn's disease. After a 4-yr course of sulfasalazine and elemental diet therapy, she was readmitted for perianal abscess associated with the presence of pancytopenia, microhematuria with granular cast, hypocomplementemia, and high titers of autoimmune antibodies (anti-ANA and anti-dsDNA antibodies). Based on these features, a diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was made. Despite the rarity of such combination (Crohn's disease with SLE), patients with Crohn's disease who develop such clinical findings might need evaluation for SLE.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Evaluation of expiratory effort on dysphonic patients on increasing vocal intensity.

It is conceivable that the subjects who have phonatory disorders, in comparison with normal individuals, exert a greater expiratory effort when phonating loudly. Furthermore, we presume that the extent and pattern of the changes in the expiratory effort for increasing vocal intensity may vary according to the types of laryngeal lesions. To prove these hypotheses, we investigated the changes in expiratory effort for increments of the vocal intensity by measuring the expiratory lung pressure. The subjects included 10 each of normal controls, patients with Reinke's edema, and those with recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis. For the normal controls, the increase in vocal intensity was achieved by slightly increasing the expiratory lung pressure. The patients with Reinke's edema showed a greater increase in expiratory lung pressure, as compared with the normal group. The patients with recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis exhibited greater expiratory effort with extreme increases in airflow than normal group for louder phonation. It was concluded that the subjects who have phonatory disorders, in comparison with normal individuals, require a greater expiratory effort. This phonatory function test with an increase in voice intensity made the aerodynamic pathologic condition clearer.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Systemic mastocytosis with extensive polypoid lesions in the intestines; successful treatment with interferon-alpha.

A 35-year-old female presented in 1989 with hepatosplenomegaly, but no conclusive diagnosis was established. From 1992, she experienced transient episodes of facial flushing and palpitations. Osteosclerotic change was detected radiologically. Colonoscopy revealed massive polypoid lesions. Mast cells were demonstrated in bone marrow smear and imprinted preparations of colon biopsy specimens by toluidine blue staining. Plasma concentrations of histamine and soluble c-kit were elevated. She was successfully treated with interferon-alpha and prednisolone, resulting in the disappearance of histamine-related attacks and a gradual decrease in tumor size. However, the remission was interferon dose dependent. This case was considered as systemic mastocytosis with massive polypoid colon lesions and showed the importance of maintenance therapy with interferon-alpha.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Surgical removal of adrenal hemangioma after five years of follow-up: a case report].

A case of adrenal hemangioma is reported. A 2.5 x 2.5 cm right adrenal tumor was discovered incidentally in a 61-year-old woman by computed tomography in October 1992. Hormonal levels were within the normal ranges, and the patient was followed for five years under a diagnosis of non-functioning adrenal tumor. The tumor enlarged slowly to 4.6 x 4.2 cm. Then the tumor was removed surgically and the pathological examination revealed adrenal cavernous hemangioma.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1998

[Renal cell carcinoma discovered in a patient with typical acute pyelonephritis: a case report].

A case of renal cell carcinoma that was discovered in a patient with typical acute pyelonephritis is reported. A 62-year-old woman admitted with fever and right flank pain, was diagnosed as having acute pyelonephritis. Intravenous urography showed a compressed renal pelvis and mild dilated calyces, suggesting the existence of a tumor. Computed tomography revealed a parapelvic tumor 6 cm in diameter and a small low-density area separated from the tumor in the renal parenchyma. Selective renal arteriography revealed a typical renal cell carcinoma lesion. The patient underwent right radical nephrectomy, and her postoperative course was uneventful. She has remained free of disease for 7 months.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

Progressive systemic sclerosis associated with primary small cell carcinoma of the stomach.

A 64-year-old man with a 5-year history of progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) was hospitalized because of melena. Radiological and endoscopic examinations showed an ulcerative lesion with sharply demarcated and raised margins in the fornix of the stomach. Tumor markers--serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA, 11.3 mg/ml) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE, 38.9 ng/ml) were elevated. Histological examination of endoscopic biopsy specimens (and of necropsy specimens) showed proliferation of atypical small round cells. Immunohistological examination of these cells showed they were positive for epithelial membranous antigen (EMA), and neuron-specific enolase (NSE), but negative for UCHL1, leukocyte common antigen (LCA), anti-leukocyte B-cell (MB1), and anti-leukocyte T-cell (MT1) antigens. Based on these histological and immunohistological tests, a definite diagnosis of small cell carcinoma of the stomach with PSS was established. Our case is a rare combination of PSS and gastric small cell carcinoma. We also reviewed the literature for the association between PSS and gastric cancer in Japanese patients.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1997

[Endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the prostate: a case report].

A 69-year-old man was referred to our department with gross hematuria. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed the tumor directly invading the rectum. Biopsy of the tumor by transurethral resection demonstrated endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level was normal. Because the tumor did not respond to hormonal therapy for a month, radical prostatectomy combined with rectal amputation was performed. Immunohistochemically, carcinoembryonic antigen was detected but PSA and prostatic acid phosphatase were not.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy by ethanol mixed with CO2 microbubble for hepatocellular carcinoma].

One of the shortcomings of percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is that many sessions are necessary to accomplish the treatment. This may be caused by which the ultrasonography (US) image does not reflect correctly to the kinetics of injected ethanol into HCC nodule. It is considered that number of treatment sessions are able to be reduced if we just enough injected labelled ethanol under US into HCC nodule. Therefore, we tried PEIT by ethanol mixed with CO2 microbubble (CO2 ethanol). The injected CO2 ethanol was aquired as hyperechoic image without strong acoustic shadow to the end of injection. Consequently we could reduce the number of treatment sessions to almost 1 for lesions < or = 3 cm in diameter and markedly reduce total dose of injected ethanol. The detectable rate of CO2 ethanol leaked out HCC nodule was high. No serious complication occurred. There have been only 1 lesion of local recurrence and no case of intrahepatic and peritoneal dissemination for 11.5 months on average of observation after PEIT by CO2 ethanol (CO2PEIT). These findings suggest that CO2PEIT is useful method for reducing the number of treatment sessions and total dose of injected ethanol, moreover preventing complication by ethanol leakage.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMed1996

Apoptosis of crypt epithelial cells in ulcerative colitis.

In the colon of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, apoptotic bodies have been recognized in routine histopathological preparations. To investigate the extent of the apoptosis, colonic biopsies were examined from involved and uninvolved areas of untreated active UC and from normal areas in patients with colonic polyps, utilizing various markers of apoptosis. The markers included DNA breaks detected by TUNEL, Fas (CD95/APO-1) and Fas ligand (Fas-L) localized by immunohistochemistry, electron microscopic features of apoptosis, and laddering of extracted DNA. Apoptosis marker positive cells were found mainly on the luminal epithelium of the normal colon and were present in active UC in crypts of involved and uninvolved areas of the colon, in addition to the luminal epithelium. The DNA extracted from active UC colon electrophoresed as a ladder. These findings suggest that the loss of epithelial cells in active UC occurs mainly by apoptosis in crypts of involved and adjacent uninvolved areas and that the Fas/Fas-L interaction is a mediator of the apoptosis.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed1996

Carcinoma in gastric hyperplastic polyps. A phenotypic study.

One-hundred twelve hyperplastic polyps were analyzed. The aim was to study their malignant transformation. Among them, four hyperplastic polyps harbored adenocarcinoma; two were from our own institution (1.8%). The majority were pedunculated and located in the antrum with an average of 14.5 mm in diameter. The four polyps bore well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. Dysplasia and intestinal metaplasia were detected in two and three polyps, respectively. The cancer and dysplastic foci shared the same type of neutral and acid mucosubstances. p53 oncoprotein was positive in three cancer foci and in the dysplastic areas, and nucleolar organizer region counts were higher in the cancer foci. In conclusion, hyperplastic polyps have malignant potential. Such possibility increases in polyps larger than 14.5 mm. In our cases, the carcinoma foci may have arisen from dysplastic areas. Once the neoplastic changes occur, the cancer cells proliferate and behave as other adenocarcinomas of the stomach.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

Case report: hippocratic digital and Crohn's disease.

A case of Hippocratic digital associated with secondary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy complicating Crohn's disease in a 29 year old Japanese male is reported. Hippocratic digital, or finger clubbing, complicating inflammatory bowel disease has been frequently reported in the Western hemisphere. However, its association with secondary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy has been very rarely found in that disease. In Japan, Hippocratic digital has not been described previously. With regard to the pathogenesis of Hippocratic digital and secondary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, the theory that both entities belong to the same pathological spectrum and that megakaryocytes or platelet clumps may play the most important role, is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Impairment of antioxidants in colonic epithelial cells isolated from trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid-induced colitis rats. Protective effect of rebamipide.

BACKGROUND: The functional status of glutathione, its related enzymes, and Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase in colonocytes isolated from rats with trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid-induced colitis, and the effect of rebamipide (a scavenger) on these antioxidants and on colitis, were studied. METHODS: The rats were treated with rebamipide, killed on day 14, and compared with controls. Glutathione and enzymatic activities were spectrophotometrically estimated. The effect of rebamipide on colitis was also assessed histologically and by myeloperoxidase activity. RESULTS: In controls the concentration of glutathione and the activities of glutathione S-transferase and Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase were decreased, but that of glutathione peroxidase was increased. Rebamipide prevented the impairment of these enzymes, restored the concentration of glutathione, and attenuated (low damage scores and myeloperoxidase activity) the severity of the colitis. CONCLUSIONS: These features suggest that the impairment of antioxidants is closely related to the development of the inflammatory lesions, and rebamipide has a beneficial effect on experimental colitis.

Alanine↗
PubMed1996

[Expression of Fas and Fas-ligand in epithelium of ulcerative colitis].

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by the loss of epithelium and inflammation of lamina propria. In normal colon, epithelial cells are eliminated by apoptosis at the luminal surface. The apoptotic cells recognized by their typical morphology and the presence of DNA breaks are also accompanied by Fas and Fas-ligand. It is thought when Fas-ligand bound the Fas, the cells bearing Fas will enter a path of apoptosis. On the other hand, in inflamed areas of UC and adjacent un-inflamed areas, the apoptosis of epithelial cells are recognized anywhere along crypts. These findings suggest that unscheduled apoptosis in the UC crypts takes place and the apoptosis is mediated by a auto- or paracrine Fas/Fas-ligand interaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Differential mechanism of peptide YY and neuropeptide Y in inhibiting motility of guinea-pig colon.

The effect of peptide YY on contractility, acetylcholine release and noradrenaline release was examined in the isolated guinea-pig colon, and findings were compared with those for neuropeptide Y. Peptide YY and neuropeptide Y inhibited the twitch contractions mediated by the stimulation of cholinergic neurons. Peptide YY, neuropeptide Y, [Leu31,Pro34]neuropeptide Y and neuropeptide Y-(13-36) inhibited the electrically stimulated release of acetylcholine. Neuropeptide Y, but not peptide YY, inhibited the high K(+)-stimulated tetrodotoxin-resistant release of acetylcholine, while the inhibitory effect of neuropeptide Y disappeared after treatment with yohimbine. Neuropeptide Y, but not peptide YY or neuropeptide Y analogues, evoked the release of noradrenaline. After desensitization to the effects of neuropeptide Y, peptide YY inhibited electrically stimulated acetylcholine release. Thus, peptide YY inhibits acetylcholine release through stimulation of a receptor, distinct from the site of action of neuropeptide Y, located on cholinergic neurons as well as the neuropeptide Y Y1 and Y2 receptors in the guinea-pig colon. Neuropeptide Y inhibits acetylcholine release due to the noradrenaline release mediated by stimulation of a receptor distinct from neuropeptide Y Y1 and Y2 receptors, located on adrenergic neurons.

Acetylcholine↗