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Biomedical subjects

K Makishima

Publications and source records attributed to K Makishima.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Pathologic features of the inner ear in congenital deafness.

We present the morphologic findings of the temporal bones and brain of a patient with congenital deafness. We discuss these findings in relation to pathologic observations in other reported cases of congenital deafness. Morphologic abnormalities in the patient were mainly in the pars inferior of the membranous labyrinths. The osseous labyrinths were well developed. There was severe dilation of the cochlear duct with herniation of the Reissner membrane, extensive atrophy of the stria vascularis that was associated with calcified thrombi to the strial vessels, encasement of the tectorial membrane in a syncytium, and dyspiastic or regressive degeneration of the organ of Corti. Absence of spiral ganglion cells and their fibers was a prominent feature. The extensive and varied pathologic changes that were present in our patient simultaneously suggest a congenital abnormality in endolymph production and raise the possibility of anomalous development of the labyrinthine vasculature.

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PubMed1975

Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma of the ethmoid sinus.

A case of the alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma originating in the left ethmoid sinus was reported. Despite treatment by radical excision of the tumor, irradiation and chemotherapy, the patient died of generalized metastases of the tumor six months after surgery; however, no local recurrence of the tumor was found at an autopsy. The tumor was further studied by light and electron microscopic procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Electrophysiological responses from the cochlea and inferior colliculus in guinea pigs after head injury.

Electrical responses from the inferior colliculus (ER) and round window (CP) to acoustical stimuli were compared in control and experimental guinea pigs which had received a single blow to the freely movable head. After the blow to the head, all of the animals showed signs of commotio cerebri, and some of them died. The experimental animals were divided into two groups so that the physiologic responses to sound could be evaluated one day (early group) and seven days (intermediate group) following the head blow. The animals of the early group had elevated ER thresholds over the entire frequency range tested with an average threshold of 37.8 db. The animals of the intermediate group also had elevated ER thresholds which averaged 23.9 db. Input-output intensity function of ER for the experimental animals showed a recruitment-like phenomenon. The CP thresholds in the injured animals did not differ significantly from those in the control group. Damage to the VIIIth nerve and higher central pathways is very likely a more frequent cause of the otoneurologic manifestations following head injury than end organ damage.

Action Potentials↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Brain step tumor and otoneurologic manifestations: report of a case with autopsy.

The otoneurologic findings in a 30-year-old male patient who died of a brain stem tumor have been correlated with the histopathology of the temporal bones and brain. The patient was examined on two occasions. A sensorineural hearing loss, which was moderate in the right ear and mild in the left ear, was found. Abnormal vestibular function, indicative of central pathology, was also demonstrated. The right side of the medulla oblongata and pons was largely replaced by the tumor. The cochlear and vestibular nuclei and their connecting fibers were involved with the tumor. Histopathological changes were more prominent in the right cochlea and VII nerve than in the left and were minimal in the vestibular portion of the labyrinths. The otoneurological finding suggested a central nervous system (CNS) lesion, and the morphologic observations confirmed the central origin of the symptoms and signs. Manifestations of lesions of the central auditory and vestibular pathways are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hearing loss of a central type secondary to anoxic anoxia.

The effect of anoxic anoxia on the threshold sensitivity and amplitude of the responses from the auditory cortex, inferior colliculus and cochlea to acoustic stimuli in guinea pigs was studied. Decay of the amplitude of the responses from the auditory cortex and the inferior colliculus occurs faster and is more severe than that of the cochlea. Recovery of the amplitude of the responses is slower at the auditory cortex and the inferior colliculus than at the cochlea. Loss of auditory threshold sensitivity in anoxic anoxia is most prominent at the auditory cortex. The loss of sensitivity at the inferior colliculus is the next most severe. The loss of sensitivity at the cochlea is negligible. The relative vulnerability of the central auditory pathway to anoxic anoxia as compared to the end organ is demonstrated.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Establishment of a new cell line from maxillary sinus carcinoma.

We succeeded in deriving a long-term tissue culture cell line from human maxillary sinus carcinoma. This cell line, designated as MC, was passaged 100 times in vitro over a period of 18 months. The cells are globular in shape, grow as single cells in the culture medium, and the mean population doubling time is about 12 hours. The plating efficiency rate in soft agar is 78% and chromosomal analysis revealed the modal chromosome number to be between 47 and 51. These MC cells were transplanted into five nude mice, all of which developed a tumor after a latency period of 5 to 8 days and died within 39 days. Complete autopsy of all mice revealed no metastasis. Histopathological findings of the original and the transplanted tumor tissues showed a remarkable similarity.

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