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Biomedical subjects

K Makishima

Publications and source records attributed to K Makishima.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[The effect of the thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) on the motor speech disorder in spinocerebellar degeneration].

A prospective study regarding the effect of TRH on the motor speech disorder of three patients with spinocerebellar degeneration (SCD), the first with hereditary cortical cerebellar atrophy, the second and third with sporadic olivo-ponto-cerebellar atrophy, was performed. The effect was analyzed by using speech evaluation, such as the auditory impression, the questionnaire of the consciousness for verbal communication, the phonetic evaluation and the acoustic analysis. The results of the analysis and the mechanism of the improvement of the motor speech disorder are discussed. Only the first patient showed a remarkable improvement subjectively. In addition, the improvement of phonation and articulation was demonstrated quantitatively in the evaluation of the first patient. On the other hand, by phonation analysis using VISI-PITCH, it was seen that there were a decrease in the perturbation of the voice pitch and an increase in voice range in all three patients. Therefore, it was concluded that the improvement of phonation plays a major role in the improvement of the motor speech disorder. Such improvement of the phonation seems to have resulted from the improvement of coordination, mainly due to the normalization of the muscle tone of the larynx by TRH administration. Although a remarkable beneficial effect of TRH may be obtained in exceptional patients of SCD, the mechanism of such an effect of TRH should be more extensively studied using the quantitative clinical evaluation of phonation and articulation.

Articulation Disorders↗
PubMed1992

Production of monoclonal antibodies specific to major allergens of Cryptomeria japonica pollen.

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against Cryptomeria japonica pollen antigen (CPAg) were prepared. CPAg was precipitated with these MAbs and both MAbs CPA7 (IgG2a) and CPA9 (IgG1) recognized two major glycoproteins (m = 41 kDa and 46 kDa) of CPAg. MAb CPA7 or CPA9 was coupled to CNBr activated sepharose and affinity purification of the major allergen of CPAg from the crude extract was performed. The affinity purified CPAg bound IgE antibody present in patients with Cedar pollinosis.

Allergens↗
PubMed1992

[The discrimination of mono-syllable words in noise in listeners with normal hearing].

The discrimination of mono-syllable words (67S word-list) pronounced by a male and a female speaker was investigated in noise in 39 normal hearing subjects. The subjects listened to the test words at a constant level of 62 dB together with white or weighted noise in four S/N conditions. By processing the data with logit transformation, S/N-discrimination curves were presumed for each combination of a speech material and a noise. Regardless of the type of noise, the discrimination scores for the female voice started to decrease gradually at a S/N ratio of +10 dB, and reached 10 to 20% at-10 dB. For the male voice in white noise, the discrimination curve was similar to those for the female voice. On the contrary, the discrimination score for the male voice in weighted noise declined rapidly from a S/N ratio of +5 dB, and went below 10% at -5 dB. The discrimination curves seem to be shaped by the interrelations between the spectrum of the speech material and that of the noise.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Analysis of the regulation of IgG production to Cryptomeria japonica pollen antigen].

Genetic control of the immune response to Cryptomeria japonica pollen antigen (CPAg) in humans was analyzed using 72 unrelated healthy adults. The 72 were classified into a low responder group and a high responder group by using purified CPAg. Significant associations were found between IgG low responsiveness to purified CPAg and possession of HLA-DQw3. Relative risks for the two groups were 4.80. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from low responders revealed a specific IgG response to CPAg when the CD8+ T cell fraction was depleted. Thereby, low response due to the presence of CPAg-specific CD8+ suppressor T cells was suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Surgical treatment of the laryngotracheal amyloidosis.

Two cases of primary localized amyloid tumor in the larynx and trachea surgically treated were herein reported. As recurrence of the amyloid tumor might lead to repeated resection in the same region, first trial of eradicative laryngofissure or laryngotracheofissure proved to be the effective approaches. The denuded area of the respiratory tract after removing amyloid tumor was covered with a split thickness skin graft and/or neighbouring mucosa applying soft rubber stent, then extensive scarring and schrinkage of the airways after surgery could thus be eliminated.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Dynamics of swallowing in tetanus.

An 82-year-old man developed an uncommon type of swallowing disturbance with tetanus. Initially, he could masticate his food but could not pass it into the esophagus. The mechanism of swallowing in this patient was studied radiologically and endoscopically. The disturbance in the second stage of deglutition was associated predominantly with his advanced age and the slow clinical progress of the tetanus. The patient was cured by treating the disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical effect of cefotiam on otorhinolaryngologic infections].

The clinical effectiveness and safety of cefotiam (CTM) in infectious diseases in the field of otorhinolaryngology was evaluated from 30 patients (otitis media 18, pharyngeal infection 4, chronic paranasal sinusitis 1, esophagitis 1, acute bronchitis 1, others 4). Side effect (fever, nausea) was found in a 14 years old male patient. Skin test revealed positive in 1 patient. These cases were excepted from evaluating clinical effectiveness of CTM. In 28 patients, the overall ratio of clinical effectiveness was 60.7%. In patients of otitis media, the clinical effectiveness ratio was 41.2%, whereas the ratio was 75.0--100% in patients of other diseases. In particular, the clinical effect was fair or poor in patients to whom the drug was given only once a day. These results suggest that this chemotherapeutic drug should be administered at least twice a day, particularly to the patients of otitis media. The bacteriological response to CTM was evaluated from 53 strains, isolated from 28 patients before treatment. Eradication rate of bacteria was 60.4%. No abnormal laboratory findings, relating to the drug, were observed after treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Clinicopathologic studies in tympanosclerosis.

Light-and electron-microscopic studies of the tissue from middle ears diagnosed as having tympanosclerosis, adhesive otitis media, postinflammatory ossicular fixation, and chronic otitis media revealed more or less similar findings of inflammatory response and healing. The histopathologic findings of "whitish sclerotic masses," especially around the ossicular chains, were due to fibrosis of submucosal connective tissue with hyalinization and calcification and/or metaplasia of mucosal epithelium. Longstanding and repeated undrained suppurative or nonsuppurative effusions would promote progressively more dense and avascular fibrous adhesions in the tympanum. The extensive fibrous changes in the tympanum would be a consequence of inadequate antibiotic therapy for middle ear inflammation and effusion. A new diagnostic term of tympanomastoidfibrosis is proposed to explain these clinical and histopathologic conditions as a replacement for the terms tympanosclerosis, adhesive otitis media, inflammatory ossicular fixation, and so on.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Clinical study of cefsulodin on Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in otorhinolaryngology].

The clinical effect of cefsulodin (CFS) on Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in otorhinolaryngology was studied in 10 patients. The overall clinical effectiveness was 80% (excellent 2, good 6, poor 2). Eradication rates of P. aeruginosa was 60%. No side effect and positive skin test were found in any cases. Examination of laboratory data before and after the administration revealed no abnormal findings in every cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Antitumor effect of UFT against malignant tumors of maxillary sinus--clinical and biochemical study].

Antitumor effect of UFT against malignant tumors of the maxillary sinus (male 8, female 5) was examined clinically and biochemically. According to the Karnofsky's criteria, the clinical effectiveness was demonstrated as follows; I-B: 1, I-A: 2, 0-C: 1, 0-B: 2, 0-A: 2, 0-0: 4, unknown: 1. While according to a Japanese Criteria for Evaluation of Clinical Effects of Cancer Chemotherapy on Solid Tumors the results were assessed as follows: CR: 1, PR: 3, NC: 3, PD: 5, unknown: 1. Generally side effect was mild and found in four patients. 5-FU levels in tissue specimens of the two patients were determined. 5-FU levels in the tumor tissues were 1.3 and 2.4 times higher than those of the normal tissues, respectively.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Local immune system in the developing fetal larynx.

Using histopathological and immunofluorescent techniques, we investigated the development of the glandular system of the larynx from 12 human fetuses. Glandular buds were first observed at the fourth month of gestation and glandular distribution became evident from the fifth month in the larynx. Ciliated or nonciliated epithelium covered the cavity of the larynx, with the exception of the true vocal cord. Immunofluorescent examination revealed the presence of IgG in the fetal larynx, but there was little fluorescence for IgA, IgM and IgE. Secretory component (SC) synthesis, on the other hand, was found in each serous-type glandular epithelium or acinus from the fourth month on. Our observations suggest that the local immune system by SC, which binds to IgA as SIgA in human laryngeal mucosa, is inherently acquired in the fetal larynx.

Epithelium↗
PubMed1976

Effects of head blow on the development of hearing loss.

The effects of the direction and intensity of the head blow and the effects of the lapse of time after a head blow on the development of hearing loss were studied in guinea pigs. The electrical responses from the right inferior colliculus (ER) and from the left round window (CP) to acoustic stimuli were measured. The elevation in threshold of the ER in the presence of normal CP in guinea pigs after a head blow suggests that the site of the lesion is central to the cochlea.

Animals↗