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Biomedical subjects

K Makimoto

Publications and source records attributed to K Makimoto.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Observations of cochlear blood flow dynamics using the laser Doppler flowmeter.

The cochlear blood flow of normal adult guinea pigs was measured by a laser Doppler flowmeter. The validity of this flowmeter was ascertained by its specificity for blood flow and its sensitivity to blood flow changes. Angiotensin II was infused into the animals and asphyxia was induced. The responses of the cochlear blood flow showed a close correlation with those of the systolic blood pressure. These results suggest a passive aspect in the physiology of cochlear blood circulation. On the other hand, there was a negative correlation between the responses of auricular skin blood flow and those of systolic blood pressure to a certain dose range of angiotensin II. To clarify the specific details of inner ear blood flow, further studies of the hemodynamics of the inner ear blood circulation should be continued under various experimental conditions.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1987

Cystic parathyroid adenoma with coexistent sarcoid granulomas.

A 55-year-old woman with sarcoidosis developed hyperparathyroidism that was associated with fluctuating serum calcium levels. Ultrasonography and a computed tomography (CT) scan of the neck demonstrated a cystic lesion in the lower posterior area of the left thyroid lobe. Histological examination after subsequent surgery revealed sarcoid granulomas within a parathyroid adenoma. The pathogenesis of this rare association is discussed.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1986

Immunologic parameters in patients with thyroid cancer.

We evaluated various immunologic parameters in patients with papillary and follicular carcinomas of the thyroid gland. Our studies included examinations of peripheral blood lymphocytes and skin reactions to selected antigens. Preoperative peripheral blood tests were found to be normal except for an elevated percentage of IgG X Fc+ T-cells (T gamma). Skin reactions (phytohemagglutinin, purified protein derivative) were greater preoperatively than postoperatively. In postoperative cases without tumor recurrence, absolute numbers of T-cells and lymphocytes were reduced. OK-432 is a biologic response modifier of a streptococcal preparation and was used as immunotherapy in postoperative patients. This therapy seemed to augment the absolute numbers of T-cells and lymphocytes as well as purified protein derivative skin reactions in the patients without tumor recurrences. In the patients with postoperative tumor recurrences, there was an abnormal reduction in the percentage of T-cells and in the absolute numbers of T-cells and lymphocytes. OK-432 treatment was not significantly effective in normalizing this reduction.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Imaging of head and neck tumors with technetium(V)-99m DMSA. A new tumor-seeking agent.

Tumor scintigraphy, using Tc(V)-99m DMSA was performed on 76 patients with head and neck tumors. In 32 cases, SPECT also was performed. Tc(V)-99m DMSA was found to have a sensitivity of 75% (56 cases), a specificity of 85% (20 cases) and an accuracy of 78% on planar imaging. ECT studies showed accumulation of Tc(V)-99m DMSA in all 25 malignant cases studied. However, in benign tumors, four of seven cases (57%) showed radionuclide uptake. Tc(V)-99m DMSA has superior physical properties to Ga-67 and could be of use in the diagnosis of head and neck tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the parotid gland: report of a case and review of the literature.

A case of primary extramedullary plasmacytoma (PEMP) with local amyloid deposition arising in the left parotid gland of a 78-year-old woman is described. The present case was studied with immunologic techniques with results confirming that the neoplastic cells were of monoclonal nature, producing lambda-light chains alone. PEMPs of the salivary glands are rare, with only 8 cases reported in the literature. The salient features of these 9 cases are summarized. Problems connected with the clinical, pathological and therapeutic aspects of PEMP with regard to the rare parotid location are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Titers of Epstein-Barr virus-related antibodies in nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Japan.

It is thought that nonkeratinizing or undifferentiated squamous cell carcinoma in the nasopharynx (NPC) is intimately correlated with Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV). Twenty-one patients with NPC were followed in Kyoto University Hospital and 4 in Osaka Red Cross Hospital during the past 2 years from 1980 to 1981. These patients were classified histopathologically according to the WHO classification in 1978 and staged with the TNM classification in Union Internationale Contre le Cancer (UICC) in 1978. The incidence rate of NPC among the head and neck tumors was 5.6% in the authors' university from 1980 to 1981. The sex ratio of male to female was nearly equal. The mean age of NPC patients was 56.7 years. Sera from these 25 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were collected at intervals of 3 to 8 months over a 2-year period, and were examined for their spectra and titers of antibodies of EBV-related antigens. They were titrated for IgG, IgA and IgM antibodies to EB viral capsid antigen (VCA), for IgG and IgA antibodies to early antigen-DR component (EA) and for antibodies to EBV-associated nuclear antigen (EBNA). All of these patients were primarily treated with radiation, while a few who did not respond to this therapy were subsequently treated with surgery or chemotherapy. EBV antibodies of VCA-IgG, -IgA, EA(DR)-IgG, and -IgA and EBNA were elevated in 73% and 90% of the nonkeratinizing and undifferentiated NPC patients, respectively. The VCA-IgM was elevated in almost none of the cases. In contrast to this, these values were all in a normal range in the NPC patients with keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma and malignant lymphoma. Also 9% and 10% of nonkeratinizing and undifferentiated carcinomas showed the normal ranges of EBV antibodies, possibly indicating a nonassociation with EBV. When NPC disappeared with radiation therapy, EBV antibodies became normal for 6-18 months. However, those whose NPC did not respond to the combined therapy with radiation, surgery and chemotherapy maintained high titers of EBV antibodies. The prognosis was the poorest in the patients with undifferentiated carcinoma, 40% of whom died within 4 years after diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The effect of furosemide on sodium and potassium concentrations in guinea-pig perilymph.

To observe the effects of furosemide on electrolyte concentrations in inner-ear fluids, experiments were performed on 286 normal guinea-pigs. Intravenous injection of furosemide (15 mg/kg) induced increases of Na concentration in scala tympani perilymph, scala vestibuli perilymph, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). K concentrations in both perilymphs and CSF were also increased by furosemide. The increased Na concentrations are thought to be due to the dehydration of body fluids induced by the diuretic action of furosemide. The increase of K concentrations in perilymphs could be attributable to either a characteristic action of furosemide on the electrolyte transport in the inner ear or a secondary change caused by a rise of K concentration in the endolymph.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Effects of glycerol on the inner ear fluid electrolytes of guinea pigs--oral and intravenous administration.

Under sodium pentobarbital anesthesia (25-35 mg/kg), serum, CSF and inner ear fluids from scala tympani perilymph, scala vestibuli perilymph, and scala media endolymph were collected from normal guinea pigs after the oral administration of glycerol (50%, 12 ml/kg) or the intravenous injection of glycerol (1.0 ml/kg). The sodium and potassium concentrations were assessed by microflame photometry. The electrolyte dynamics of the inner ear fluids were compared after these two routes of administration. Serum: There was no significant change in Na or K levels after either route of administration. CSF: The Na concentration increased rapidly after both intravenous and oral administrations of glycerol and remained high until the end of the experiment. The K concentration did not change significantly after intravenous injection. Scala tympani perilymph: The Na concentration increased transiently, after intravenous glycerol, while after oral administration it increased slowly and steadily. The K concentration increased only after oral administration. Scala vestibuli perilymph: The Na level increased slowly and steadily only after oral administration of glycerol, and the K level increased slightly after intravenous injection. Scala media endolymph: No changes in the K level occurred after either route of administration. After oral administration the Na level increased. These experiments show that dehydration persists longer after oral than after intravenous administration of glycerol. In the diagnosis of Meniere's disease, oral administration of glycerol is more effective than intravenous injection.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

Radiation-induced fibrosarcoma of the thyroid.

A rare thyroid tumour is described. It started as a papillary cytoadenoma 20 years ago, followed by the appearance of a papillary adenocarcinoma 6 years later. At that time most of the tumour was excised, except for a small portion which had invaded the trachea. Post-operatively 6,000 rads of Co60 was given to the neck; the tumour remained quiescent for 18 years until two years ago, when a recurring fibrosarcoma appeared in her neck. It is suggested that this tumour was a radiation-induced sarcoma.

Carcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1984

Olfactory neuroblastoma: presentation of a case and review of the Japanese literature.

Olfactory neuroblastoma is an uncommon malignant tumor arising from the nasal cavity. During the past 18 years from 1964 to 1982, only 24 cases have been in Japanese literature, including this case. The average age of these patients is 42.3 years, ranging from 4 to 75 years old. The sex ratio of male to female is 10:14, female being prevalent moderately. The peak distribution is from 30 to 40 years old. The majority of the patients died of distant metastasis within 2 years of diagnosis. Therefore, the overall prognosis in Japan is very poor, as compared with about a 50% 5 year survival rate in the western countries. This is probably because this tumor is difficult to diagnose correctly, and the chance to start treatment early is apt to be missed here, though some tumors behaved very aggressively from the beginning, metastasizing early.

Adolescent↗