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Biomedical subjects

K Mahomed

Publications and source records attributed to K Mahomed.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Breech delivery of infants weighing more than 2000 grams: a case controlled retrospective analysis of 751 patients.

This is a case controlled study of 385 women with breech presentation and 357 with cephalic presentation. Unlike many recent studies, vaginal breech delivery was associated with a significantly worse outcome for the infant. The reasons for these are discussed particularly in relation to developing countries and a protocol for management of these women is suggested to attempt to reduce the unacceptably poor outcome. Selective external cephalic version is advocated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The roll over test is not of value in predicting pregnancy induced hypertension.

As a predictor of pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) the roll over test (ROT) has conflicting predictive values in the literature, possibly as a result of sample size, composition or methodology. In this study the roll over test was performed on 600 African women in their first pregnancy and at 26-32 weeks. The test was positive in 15% of women and had a positive predictive value of only 20%. It is concluded that the roll over test is of no value in the prediction of PIH.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Zinc supplementation during pregnancy: a double blind randomised controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: To see whether zinc supplementation during pregnancy improves maternal and fetal outcome. DESIGN: Prospective study started at booking and continued till discharge of mother and baby from the maternity hospital. Mothers were randomly assigned to receive zinc supplementation or placebo in a double blind trial. SETTING: Mothers booking at one hospital. PATIENTS: Women booking before 20 weeks of gestation who agreed to take part in the study. 494 Mothers were followed up till the end of pregnancy. There was no difference between the groups given zinc and placebo in their social or medical backgrounds. INTERVENTIONS: Mothers in the active treatment group received one capsule of 20 mg elemental zinc daily and those in the placebo treated group a capsule identical in appearance and taste with the active capsule but which contained inert substances. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Various adverse outcomes were tested, including maternal bleeding, hypertension, complications of labour and delivery, gestational age, Apgar scores, and neonatal abnormalities. The main outcome measure was birth weight. RESULTS: There were no differences whatsoever between mothers given a zinc supplement and those given a placebo. CONCLUSION: Zinc supplementation in pregnancy in the United Kingdom does not seem to offer any benefits to the mother or her fetus.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The Southmead perineal suture study. A randomized comparison of suture materials and suturing techniques for repair of perineal trauma.

Commonly used suture materials and techniques for perineal repair following vaginal delivery were compared in a randomized controlled trial involving 1574 women. Three comparisons were made using a modified factorial design. In the comparison of teflon-coated polyglycolic acid (Dexon plus) with chromic catgut for repair of the vagina and deep perineal tissues there was no clear difference other than less short-term analgesia being required in association with polyglycolic acid. Outcome was also similar after skin repair with either polyglycolic acid or chromic catgut or silk, although silk repair required more packets of material and was associated with delay in resuming sexual intercourse; polyglycolic acid was more likely to need removal than chromic catgut but it appeared to reduce the need for resuturing. There was no clear difference between continuous subcuticular and interrupted transcutaneous sutures for repair of perineal skin.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Outcome of term breech presentation.

Three hundred and ninety five cases of breech presentation at Harare Maternity Hospital, Harare revealed that caesarean section either electively or in labour resulted in good fetal outcome. Vaginal breech delivery was associated with a perinatal mortality of 74 per 1,000. Fifty four (25%) out of 216 infants delivered vaginally required admission to the Neonatal Unit and thirteen of these had a five minute Apgar Score of 5 or less. Various reasons for this unacceptably high morbidity and mortality are discussed in order to develop a protocol for management of breech presentation in a developing country. The protocol includes the advocation of external cephalic version.

Breech Presentation↗
PubMed1989

The young pregnant teenager--why the poor outcome?

Studies have repeatedly emphasised the poor obstetric outcome in teenage pregnancies. This study examined 444 teenagers of 16 years and under and demonstrated little difference in the outcome between 14 years and under group and 15 to 16 year old. The poor pregnancy outcome, however, was predominantly related to the adequacy of antenatal care. The discussion emphasises the point that teenage pregnancy is not primarily a medical problem and much effort is required to create an awareness so that prenatal care is both accessible and acceptable to the pregnant teenager.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Breech delivery: a critical evaluation of the mode of delivery and outcome of labor.

This is a retrospective study of 213 term, singleton, uncomplicated pregnancies presenting as breech. Thirty-two percent had elective cesarean section and 61% of those selected for vaginal delivery actually did so. Events in labor and fetal outcome suggest that vaginal delivery of a breech infant, after careful feto-maternal assessment, continuous fetal monitoring, adequate progress in labor and delivery by an experienced "midwife", provides comparable fetal outcome to delivery by elective cesarean section.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

A double-blind randomized controlled trial on the use of prophylactic antibiotics in patients undergoing elective caesarean section.

In a double-blind randomized controlled study 232 patients undergoing elective lower segment caesarean section were randomly allocated to receive a pre-operative prophylactic dose of a combination of crystalline penicillin and chloramphenicol or a placebo. The two groups were comparable in terms of patient characteristics and operation variables. The group receiving antibiotics had significantly fewer febrile and infectious morbid events and thus spent fewer days in hospital than the group receiving the placebo.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Observations on the intestinal protozoa infecting man in Rhodesia.

Humans in Rhodesia harbour a wide range of intestinal protozoa. Of the species included, Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba coli and Giardia lamblia have previously been recorded. Other species which are either rarely reported or which have previously never been reported from this country, include Trichomonas hominis, Chilomastix mesnili, Enteromonas hominis, Retortamonas intestinalis, Balantidum coli,Entamoeba hartmanni,Entamoeba histolytica Laredo. Endolimax nana, Dientamoeba fragilis and Isospora belli. The importance in Rhodesia of these species, and especially of E. histolytica, is discussed.

Balantidiasis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Liver and kidney function tests in normal and pre-eclamptic gestation--a comparison with non-gestational reference values.

OBJECTIVE: To compare liver and kidney function tests in pre-eclampsia and in uncomplicated pregnancy and to relate the results to physiological reference values. DESIGN: Prospective cross sectional study. SETTING: Antenatal clinic and antenatal labour wards, Harare Hospital, Zimbabwe. SUBJECTS: 38 pre-eclamptic and 72 normal women of similar parity, gravida and gestational age. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum albumin, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transaminase (GGT) were used as indices of hepatic function. Serum creatinine, urea and uric acid were used to assess renal function. RESULTS: Albumin, bilirubin and ALT did not show any differences between the pre-eclamptic and normotensive pregnant women. The activities of the following enzymes, ALP (p < 0.001), AST (p = 0.001) and GGT (p < 0.01) were significantly elevated in pre-eclamptic women. The renal indices, creatinine, urea and uric acid were significantly raised in pre-eclampsia (p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in the haematological parameters, haemoglobin (Hb), white blood cell count (WBC), red blood cell count (RBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and platelet count. Almost all the biochemical and haematological parameters were lower in normal pregnancy compared to the physiological reference values used in our maternity unit. CONCLUSION: Liver and kidney function is modified by normal pregnancy. However, the majority of the liver and kidney function tests between pre-eclamptic and normal pregnancy exhibited significant differences. The physiological reference values that are currently in use are different from those of women with uncomplicated pregnancies and may not be entirely suitable for management of pre-eclampsia which has hepatic and renal involvement.

Adolescent↗