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Biomedical subjects

K Maguire

Publications and source records attributed to K Maguire.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Specular microscopic follow-up of corneal grafts for pseudophakic bullous keratopathy.

Pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (PBK) has become the leading indication for penetrating keratoplasty. In our initial fifty patients having keratoplasty for PBK there was gradual loss of clear grafts in patients with retained intraocular lenses (IOLs). Specular microscopy was performed on donor tissue, and periodically postoperatively, for 130 grafts for PBK. The highest cell loss at one year was in eyes with retained iris support (39.2%) or anterior chamber (37.2%) IOLs. Cell loss in grafts with removed iris support IOLs (21.3%) was significantly less. When iris support IOLs were exchanged for anterior chamber (AC) IOLs, the cell loss at one year (27.1%) was intermediate. We recommend that iris support IOLs be removed at keratoplasty. Exchange for an AC IOL should be considered depending on the visual needs of each patient. Removal of AC IOLs should be based on consideration of prior tolerance and position of the implant.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

A study of the dexamethasone suppression test in hospitalized depressed patients.

90 patients with a primary depressive illness, admitted consecutively to one psychiatric ward were studied. All patients had the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) done before initial treatment. First treatment response was correlated with the DST results. The non-suppressors, as a group, improved with treatment better than the suppressors. However, unlike in previous studies, no relationship was found between non-suppression and poor response to antidepressant medication.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1983

The pharmacokinetics of mianserin in elderly depressed patients.

The pharmacokinetics of mianserin were examined in eight elderly depressed patients following a single oral dose of 60 mg. Plasma concentrations were measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and the data analyzed using a two-compartment open model. Mean (+/- SD) estimates were: absorption half-life 0.8 +/- 1.0h, peak concentration 117 +/- 23 micrograms/l, peak time 2.2 +/- 1.3h, distribution half-life 3.4 +/- 1.2h, elimination half-life 33 +/- 15h, apparent volume of distribution 20.2 +/- 7.9 1/kg, and oral clearance 0.49 +/- 0.21 l/kg/h. These parameters were not significantly different from those found in healthy volunteers. The absorption lag time (0.6 +/- 0.2h) and area under the curve (2009 +/- 566 micrograms/l/h) were significantly different in the elderly. The clinical implications of these differences for the treatment of elderly depressed patients are discussed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1981

Vitreoretinal relationship in diabetic retinopathy. A biomicroscopic evaluation.

The vitreoretinal relationships of 312 eyes with diabetic retinopathy were analyzed statistically, based on the results of biomicroscopic observation and photography of the vitreous. Vitreous detachment usually occurs outside the temporal vascular arcades, and the macula subsequently becomes involved in the midstage of the proliferative process. The incidence of no vitreous detachment and complete vitreous detachment are significantly lower in proliferative retinopathy as compared with nonproliferative than in nonproliferative retinopathy. The relatively high incidence of proliferation with no vitreous detachment indicates that vitreous detachment is not the sole triggering factor in the development of proliferative changes. However, partial vitreous detachment was shown, retrospectively, to stimulate a rapid exacerbation of the proliferative process as compared with eyes having no vitreous detachment or complete vitreous detachment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

A controlled comparative trial of clorazepate (Tranxene) and diazepam (Valium) for anxiety.

Two groups of anxious patients were treated with either clorazepate (n = 27, 15 mg at night), or diazepam (n = 27, 5 mg three times a day), and the anxiolytic effects of the treatments compared during a 22 day period. Both drugs were effective antianxiety agents (as assessed by the Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Analogue and Rapid Symptom Check List scales). The response to drug treatment did not differ according to the type of anxiety--psychological or somatic. No significant difference was observed between the two drug treatments. Separation of patients according to their anxiety type did not change this finding. Clorazepate, when administered as a single dose at night, is an effective short term anxiolytic.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The measurement of plasma levels of tricyclic antidepressant drugs.

A double-isotope derivative dilution procedure for measuring plasma levels of Nortriptyline is described. The assay is specific, sensitive, precise and reproducible. Studies on the variation in steady-state plasma levels are described on a fixed oral dosage of nortriptyline. Between individual variations in steady-state plasma levels are large. Between day within individual variation is 15-20%. Dosage regime, time of blood sampling after last oral dose and the method of blood handling are unlikely to affect the steady-state plasma levels. Within an individual, the oral dose, duration of treatment and concomitant drug treatment are all important determinants of the steady-state plasma level.

Blood Preservation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A sequential double-blind controlled study of moclobemide and diazepam in patients with atypical depression.

A double-blind controlled study comparing moclobemide and diazepam in patients with atypical depression was carried out. Statistical comparison of the 14 pairs completing 4 weeks showed that significant reductions in depressive symptomatology as measured by the Hamilton and Carroll depression rating scales occurred in both drug groups, and that diazepam was significantly better than moclobemide. A separate analysis of the 10 pairs completing 8 weeks treatment showed that significant decreases in depression ratings occurred in both drug groups but that by week 8 there was no significant difference between the two drugs for depression scores. Side-effects were minimal, and the most common side-effects emerging for both drugs were sleep disturbance and physical tiredness.

Adult↗