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Biomedical subjects

K Maeda

Publications and source records attributed to K Maeda.

At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[A study of Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome successfully treated with VP16 and analysis of T cell receptor chain genes of the bone marrow cells].

Virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (VAHS) is a nonneoplastic, generalized histiocytic proliferation disorder with marked hemophagocytosis associated with a systemic viral infection. We describe a female child with EBV-related VAHS, in whom Southern blot analysis showed monoclonal proliferation of bone marrow cells having EBV genome as detected with Xho-1 fragment of latent infection membrane protein (LMP) genome. The EBV serology showed anti-EBNA, anti-VCA-IgG, anti-VCA-IgA elevation and positive EBNA of SRBC-rosette forming bone marrow cells in late period of her clinical course, which indicated primary infection or secondary alteration of EBV immunity. The DNA analysis of the bone marrow cells also demonstrated monoclonal rearrangement of T cell receptor-beta and -gamma chain genes. Thus our study suggests that EBV might infect T cells and the T cells might proliferate monoclonally. Repeated administration of VP16 was capable of inducing remission of the disease, although adrenocortical steroid, vincristine and cyclophosphamide were administrated unsuccessfully. This is the first case of VAHS in which the monoclonal proliferation of EBV-infected T cells was demonstrated.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1992

[Necessity and limitations of effectiveness of oral beta-stimulants, theophylline and oral antiallergic drugs in asthma treatment].

Oral beta-stimulants, theophylline and oral antiallergic drugs are frequently used for asthma treatment in Japan. However, inhaled beta-stimulants and inhaled steroids are becoming the first and second choice of drugs in asthma treatment in European countries, and these three categories of drugs are becoming third or fourth-line therapeutic choices. Accordingly, we investigated the effectiveness of these drugs, which is limited by their pharmacological actions and effects. As found in this study many cases of bronchial asthma cannot be well controlled by their agents, either alone or in combination. The necessity of these drugs for the treatment of chronic bronchial asthma was investigated. Substitution of inhaled beta-stimulant for oral beta-stimulant was possible in 8 of 15 cases. However, in 7 cases, substitution was impossible because of the patient's complaints, and it could not be concluded that oral beta-stimulants are necessary for asthma treatment. Theophylline was substituted by inhaled corticosteroids in 6 of 8 cases. Oral antiallergic drugs were substituted by inhaled corticosteroids in 5 of 6 cases. These results do not conclusively indicate that theophylline and oral antiallergic drugs are not necessary for asthma treatment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

[A case of advanced breast cancer responding to low-dose 5'-DFUR].

A 69-year-old female patient with locally advanced breast cancer with multiple bone metastases (T4cN2-M1) was treated with 5'-DFUR after failure of tamoxifen treatment. The 5'-DFUR dose was limited to 600 mg per day, half the usual dose, because of its gastroenterological side effects. The primary tumor and metastatic axillary lymph nodes regressed three months after the start of treatment, and the complete remission of lesions was obtained in 16 months. Reduction of bone metastasis was confirmed by the disappearance of osteolytic lesion in the skull roentgenogram and the decrease of abnormal accumulation on the bone scintigram. Serum levels of CEA and ST-439 markedly reduced during the treatment as the disease regressed.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Follicular dendritic cell and ICCOSOMES in germinal center reactions.

The development and destination of immune complex coated bodies (ICCOSOMES) was investigated at the ultrastructural level in the germinal centers (GC) of murine lymph nodes after secondary-immunization with horseradish peroxidase. Immediately after a booster injection, large amounts of immune complex (IC) were trapped on the surface of the cytoplasmic extensions of follicular dendritic cells (FDC). Cytoplasmic extensions, consisting mainly of FDC processes with associated IC, formed complex lamellar labyrinth-like structures (LBS). We describe here morphological changes of LBS. Lamellar or stationary LBS before the injection sequentially changed into distorted, filiform, glomerated and transitional LBS. Around day 1, IC-coated cytoplasmic extensions developed into glomerated LBS (G-LBS) which were invaginated into their own cytoplasmic ends, which swelled up to several microns in diameter. Around day 2, tufts of the glomerated LBS were unlaced and dispersed as (ICCOSOMES) in the interstitium. Some ICCOSOMES were endocytosed by germinal center cells (GCCs) and transported to the Golgi apparatus and perinuclear space. These ICCOSOME-bearing GCCs were B220-positive and some produced specific antibody (spAb) in the perinuclear space indicating they are in the B cell lineage. ICCOSOME-ingesting GCCs are thought to be able to process the antigen and present it to T cells. This may be important in the development of plasma cells and memory cells which developed from the GC B cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[An operated case of malignant localized mesothelioma of the pleura].

An operable case of pedunculated localized mesothelioma of the pleura, a 62-year-old male, came to our clinic with chief complaint of chest X-ray abnormal shadow. On suspicion of pleural tumor, resection was performed. The operative findings revealed that the tumor was arising from visceral pleura of S1 + 2 a segment of left upper lobe, and didn't invade into peripheral tissue. The microscopic findings revealed that the tumor was consist of spindle tumor cells and capillary-like lesions, and had high cellularity and many mitosis. The tumor was diagnosed as localized malignant mesothelioma. Immunohistochemical stainings were performed using six monoclonal antibodies, vimentin, CEA, EMA, keratin (AE1, AE3), Leu-M1. Only vimentin reacted with tumor cells.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

[A case report of well differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma].

A 32-year-old female, who was admitted with complaints of cough and an abnormal shadow in the left lower lobe, was diagnosed as adenocarcinoma of the lung by TBLB. She underwent left lower lobectomy and lymph node dissection. Histopathological findings showed well differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma (WDFA). Well differentiated fetal adenocarcinomas are considered to have a histogenesis similar to that of pulmonary blastoma and may be a tumor with one-sided development of pulmonary blastoma showing only an epithelial component.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Megakaryoblastic termination of myeloproliferative disorders.

Megakaryoblastic termination of myeloproliferative disorders is rare. The morphology of megakaryoblastic transformation can be subtle and is often mistaken for myeloid or lymphoid proliferations. Previously reported observations suggest a relatively poor prognosis for this category of patients, making precise diagnosis imperative. A multifaceted approach using morphology, ultrastructure, cytochemistry, and immunological membrane analysis may be helpful. We present two cases of myeloproliferative disorder with aggressive megakaryoblastic phases (myelofibrosis with agnogenic myeloid metaplasia and chronic myeloid leukemia with blast crisis). The clinical course is described and the results of the morphological, cytochemical, ultrastructural, and cytogenetic studies of both cases are presented. In addition, immunochemical studies (flow cytometry) and platelet function studies (aggregation, beta-thromboglobulin, and platelet factor IV release) were done for one of these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Two cases of diffuse panbronchiolitis receiving long-term erythromycin (EM) therapy with acute exacerbation due to EM-resistant pneumococcus].

The first case was a 73-year-old woman with chief complaints of fever, cough, purulent sputum and dyspnea. EM therapy was begun in December 1983 due to a diagnosis of diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB). Subsequently, P. aeruginosa was persistently detected, while in February 1991 at the time of an acute exacerbation of the DPB P. aeruginosa and S. pneumoniae were detected by TTA. The second case was a 65-year-old man with chief complaints of fever, cough and purulent sputum. DPB was diagnosed and EM therapy was begun in December 1985. In January 1991, pneumonia developed, at the time when S. pneumoniae was detected by TTA. In both cases, rapid disappearance of S. pneumoniae from the sputum and alleviation of symptoms were obtained with carbapenem antibiotic administration. Both strains were resistant to EM, Tetracycline (TC), Minocycline (MINO) and Clindamycin (CLDM). Particularly, S. pneumoniae of case 2 showed low sensitivity to Ampicillin (ABPC), Cefotiam (CTM) and Cefoxitin (CFX) as well. These cases showed acute exacerbations due to EM-resistant pneumococcus during long-term therapy with EM, and are of interest in that they may shed light on the relation between long-term EM therapy and the emergence of resistant pneumococcus.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[A rapid measuring technique for allergen-induced IL2 responsiveness of lymphocytes by the propidium iodide-staining method. Detection of the etiological antigen in patients with allergic diseases].

A method for rapidly measuring the interleukin 2 (IL-2)-responsiveness of allergen-stimulated lymphocytes has been newly developed using propidium iodide (PI) staining and drawing ink quenching of the fluid medium fluorescence. There was a linear correlation between the number of PI-stained cells and the fluorescence intensity. The background was less than 5 percent. This fluorochromasia assay reflected the cell number for the quantitative measurement of lymphocyte proliferation. Antigen-activated patient cells added to IL2, showed greater increase in 3H-TdR uptake than IL-2-untreated cells, and were capable of acquiring IL2 responsiveness. Increased numbers of the cells were observed by both the PI- and trypan blue-staining methods. In contrast, unstimulated cells also showed increased 3H-TdR uptake response without increased cell numbers on stimulation with r-IL2 by a 6.8 to 19.3 fold stimulation index compared to the antigen-activated cells. The results indicated that the unstimulated cells in addition with r-IL2 still remained in the initial phase of the DNA-synthetic (S) period through the cell cycle, whereas the activated cells had passed through the post-synthetic gap (C2) and/or cell division at mitosis (M). 3H-TdR uptake of cultured cells usually demonstrates the presence of antigen-sensitized lymphocytes by in vitro proliferative response, and shows an increased stimulation index in 4 or 7 day cultured cells on stimulation with allergens. However, proliferation of some cell populations decreased; furthermore no distinct differences in cell proliferation between allergic and normal lymphocytes were observed, as is usual in this assay, although the present method was capable of measuring increased-IL2 responsiveness of patient lymphocytes. The results indicate that the 3H-TdR uptake method can not be substituted for cell enumeration in the evaluation of the antigen-specificity of induced-IL2 responsiveness of activated cells. Therefore, cell enumeration using the PI-staining method may be preferable in this system. The induced response was observed in lymphocytes from patients with atopic dermatitis, bronchial asthma and/or allergic rhinitis specifically on stimulation with the antigen causing clinical symptoms. The results obtained using the PI-staining method were very similar to those in previous reports where the trypan blue staining method was employed. The present method appears to be capable of rapidly screening etiological antigens for disease and easily monitoring clinical activity.

Allergens↗
PubMed1992

Evaluation of measurement of fetal crown-rump length from ultrasonically timed ovulation and fertilization in vitro.

To assess with accuracy the development and maturity of the fetus, we evaluated fetal growth in 46 pregnant women who had conceived subsequent to ultrasonically timed ovulation. Fetal crown-rump length (CRL) was measured at gestational ages that differed by about 1 day from those previously reported. The variance in CRL measurements at each gestational age was small, and the data were normally distributed. The CRL growth curves of this and previous studies were tested using measurements from 7 pregnancies derived from in vitro fertilization (IVF). The data from IVF pregnancies were consistent with our curve, having 1 day difference to those previously reported. The gender of the fetus did not influence the CRL during the first trimester. The results suggest that fetal growth is uniform during the first trimester.

Embryonic and Fetal Development↗
PubMed1992

Early cancer of the gastric remnant--with special emphasis on the importance of follow-up of gastrectomized patients.

Seven patients with early cancer of the gastric remnant (group 1) and nine with gastric remnant cancer which developed after surgery for early gastric cancer (group 2), were studied clinicopathologically. The findings can be summarized as follows: In group 1, the majority of cases were classified as type I by gross type. Most lesions were in the posterior wall of the remnant stomach. All lesions were differentiated carcinomas. In group 2, of the nine early gastric tumors resected at the initial surgery, six were present at site A and three at site M. The gross type of the tumor was varied. Six patients underwent a Billroth II, and two a Billroth I, resection. The findings at the second operation (for gastric remnant cancer) showed that five lesions were located in the gastric stump or anastomosed region and four in the posterior or anterior wall of the remnant stomach. Histologically, the lesions included four undifferentiated and five differentiated carcinomas. Of the nine lesions involving the gastric remnant, only two were at an early stage, the remaining seven being at an advanced stage. The outcome was extremely poor in this group. Many of the patients died of carcinomatous peritonitis. In summary, a large percentage of the patients of group 1 had a type I lesion in the remnant stomach. In group 2, more than half of the lesions were located in the gastric stump or at the site of the anastomosis, and the majority of the lesions were at an advanced stage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Recovery of endothelium-dependent responses by reseeding endothelial cells in culture onto the denuded coronary artery.

Endothelium-denuded coronary artery was reseeded with the endothelial cells in culture, and the endothelium-dependent responses were compared with those in arteries with or without native endothelium. A23187 produced a relaxation in the arterial preparations reseeded with cultured endothelial cells in the cell suspension of 10(5) cells/ml for 17 to 19 hr, whereas no relaxation was observed in the denuded artery. Relaxing response to Ca++ ionophore A23187 was dependent on the number of endothelial cells reseeded. The A23187-induced relaxation in the cell-reseeded artery was inhibited markedly by pretreatment with 3 x 10(-4) M NG-monomethyl-L-arginine or 5 x 10(-5) M methylene blue, but not 10(-4) M aspirin. NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (3 x 10(-4) M) and methylene blue (5 x 10(-5) M) produced a contraction in the cell-reseeded artery. Contraction evoked by bradykinin in the denuded arteries was attenuated by reseeding endothelial cells. KCl-induced contraction in the endothelium-reseeded artery did not differ from that in the denuded artery. Contractile responses to norepinephrine and serotonin were attenuated by reseeding endothelial cells onto the denuded artery to a small extent. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the luminal surface of endothelium-reseeded arteries was partly covered with endothelial cells. We conclude that when the cultured endothelial cells are reseeded onto a denuded coronary artery, endothelium-derived relaxing factor release occurs, but endothelium-dependent mechanisms are not the same as those for native cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Effect of daily energy intake and amount of walking on body weight reduction and its maintenance].

The relationship of daily energy intake and the amount of walking performed, based on pedometer readings, for effective body weight reduction were studied based on results of a weight reduction program at the Aichi Prefectural Center of Health Care from 1983 to 1990. In addition, a follow-up study based on a mailed questionnaire was performed, to further determine the relationship to maintenance of body weight reduction of energy intake and amount of walking after the conclusion of program. The subjects were two-hundred and forty middle-aged obese women who were placed on a 5-month weight reduction program consisting of diet (1500 kcal/day) and exercise (10000 walk steps/day). At the end of the program, the mean energy intake and the mean number of steps per day had reached target levels and the mean body weight reduction was 4.2 kg. The relationship of energy intake, and the number of steps walked at the end of program to the amount of reduction in body weight during the program was analyzed by multiple regression analysis, and the amount of walking expressed in the number of steps necessary for weight reduction were calculated for various energy intakes. A follow-up study was performed in 1988, with sixty-six women responding to the mailed questionnaire. Since the end of the program, body weight increase of 1.1 kg occurred, but body weight was still lower than initially. Although mean energy intake increased after the program, a level about 200 kcal less than at the beginning of the program was being maintained, so the effect of diet recommendation in the program appeared to be retained.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Mechanism of dialysis-induced hypotension.

Dialysis-induced hypotension, the sharp decrease in blood pressure occurring during hemodialysis, remains one of the most difficult problems associated with hemodialysis even today. However, there is yet no established theory to explain the mechanism triggering dialysis-induced hypotension. This review attempts to offer a consistent and cohesive source of information on the hemodynamics during dialysis-induced hypotension, and then analyzes etiologic factors in such hypotension reported by various investigators. Finally, three hypotheses concerning the mechanism of dialysis-induced hypotension including our own are introduced.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

[Intra-arterial chemotherapy of local recurrence and non-curative case of colorectal cancer].

Twelve colorectal cancer patients, including 9 with local recurrent cancer and 3 with remnant cancer after surgery, were treated with intraarterial chemotherapy. Three cases were treated with MMC injection alone, 1 case with MMC combined with irradiation (MMC-R) and 8 cases with ADM combined with irradiation (ADM-R). In 7 evaluable patients, the response rate was 28.6% with 1 CR case, 1 PR case and 5 NC cases. The 2 cases treated with ADM-R were successful. Six of 8 patients treated with ADM-R survived more than 1 year, while all 4 patients treated with MMC or MMC-R died within 8 months. The cumulative survival rate after ADM-R treatment was 44% at 24 months. It is suggested that the combination of intra-arterial chemotherapy and radiation therapy is an effective treatment for local recurrence and non-curative cases of colorectal cancer.

Chemotherapy, Adjuvant↗
PubMed1992

[A case of tricuspid pouch associated with ventricular septal defect and functional left ventricular-right atrial communication].

We reported a 60-year-old woman with tricuspid pouch associated with ventricular septal defect and subsequent left ventricular-right atrial communication. Preoperative angiographic findings suggested the presence of membranous septal aneurysm, ventricular and atrial septal defects, and tricuspid insufficiency. However, at operation, besides perimembranous inlet type ventricular septal defect, a pouch, 1.5 cm in diameter was found in the adjacent part to the septal leaflet within the anterior one of the tricuspid valve. The ventricular septal defect was closed with a patch. From these findings, it is speculated that the tricuspid pouch was formed by the effect of jet stream through the ventricular septal defect.

Diagnosis, Differential↗