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Biomedical subjects

K Machida

Publications and source records attributed to K Machida.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Usefulness of demand oxygen delivery system for patients with chronic respiratory failure due to mainly tuberculosis sequelae].

To evaluate the usefulness of a new oxymatic conserver, Demand Oxygen Delivery System (DODS), we compared DODS breathing with Standard steady flow (SF) breathing in thirteen subjects with chronic respiratory failure due to mainly tuberculosis sequelae. The value of the DODS (Oxymatic) is that it delivers oxygen only during early inspiration, so as to minimize loss from delivery during expiratory phase. Improvement of SaO2, measured by BIOX 3740, and PaO2 were observed at rest and on exercise. The oxygen consumption ratio of the DODS to the SF method was between 0.5 and 0.3, favoring the DODS over the SF method. In some patients DODS hardly ran at rest. But no problems are observed during exercise. The results indicate the effectiveness of DODS in advancement of quality of life patients with chronic respiratory failure.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Two dimensional polar display of cardiac blood pool SPECT.

A new method of ECG gated cardiac blood pool SPECT to illustrate the left ventricular (LV) wall motion in a single static image, two dimensional polar display (2DPD), was described. Circumferential profiles of the difference between end diastolic and end systolic short axis images of the LV were displayed in a similar way to the bull's eye plot of 201Tl myocardial SPECT. The diagnoses by 2DPDs agreed with those by cinematic displays of ECG gated blood pool SPECT in 74 out of 84 segments (85.5%) of abnormal motion, and 155 our of 168 segments (80.3%) of normal motion. It is concluded that 2DPD can evaluate regional wall motion by a single static image in a significant number of patients, and is also useful in comparing with the bull's eye image of 201Tl myocardial SPECT.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Factor analysis of multigated cardiac blood pool scintigram for the measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction.

Left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) was measured by factor analysis (FA) of multigated cardiac blood pool scintigram in 38 consecutive patients, and compared with that measured by the variable ROI method (EFVROI) with automated left ventricular contour detection. FA was automatically performed without operator intervention with a success rate of 100%. The correlation of EF with EFVROI was significant in the group of 22 patients with normal wall motion (r = 0.65, p less than 0.001), and the entire group of patients (r = 0.70, p less than 0.001), but not significant (p = 0.19) in the group of 16 patients with abnormal wall motion. In conclusion, left ventricular ejection fraction can be estimated by factor analysis of MUGA in patients with normal wall motion.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Scintigraphic and CT findings of Tietze's syndrome: report of a case and review of the literature.

A case of Tietze's syndrome is reported. A 43-year-old woman, who had experienced right anterior chest pain and tender swelling of the right first costosternal junction for seven months, showed increased accumulation of the right first, the right fourth, and the left first costochondral junction on bone imaging. Ga-67 imaging showed increased accumulation at the right first costosternal junction. CT showed sclerosis of the sternal manubrium, partial calcification of costal cartilage, and soft tissue swelling. Biopsy of the right first costal cartilage showed chronic inflammation with fibrosis and ossification. Increased uptake of bone gallium imaging is consistent with Tietze's syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Quantitative analysis of methoxylated flavonoids in iyo (Citrus iyo) peels by high-performance liquid chromatography].

The quantitative analysis of eight kinds of methoxylated flavonoids in Citrus iyo Hort. ex Tanaka (Rutaceae) was examined by high-performance liquid chromatography. These compounds could be determined within 50 min on C-18 reversed-phase column. Elution system was carried out with a mixture of 1,4-dioxane-water-acetic acid in ratios of 2:7:1 and 7:2:1 in the form of a gradient from 8:2 to 2:8 for 60 min.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1989

[Hyperamylasemia in acute exacerbation in patients with chronic respiratory failure].

Serum amylase level was examined in 129 cases (225 episodes) of chronic respiratory failure at acute exacerbation, and in 59 cases (62 episodes) of pneumonia without respiratory failure as a control. Cases accompanying diseases, such as acute pancreatitis, parotiditis, ileus, and renal dysfunction, which were expected to develop hyperamylasemia were excluded. The 225 episodes were divided according to the cause of acute exacerbation into 4 groups: pneumonia, bronchitis, right heart failure without infection, and others (e.g. hemoptysis). Hyperamylasemia (greater than 400 S-U) was observed in groups of pneumonia (15/40 = 35.5%) and of bronchitis (12/95 = 12.6%) respectively, but not in those of right heart failure without infection (0/73 = 0%) and others (0/17 = 0%). As a result, hyperamylasemia was found only under conditions of inflammation of lung parenchyma and bronchi with acute exacerbation of respiratory failure. On the other hand no hyperamylasemia was observed in 62 episodes of only pneumonia without respiratory failure. It was concluded that both respiratory tract infection and acute respiratory failure are necessary factors for development of hyperamylasemia originating from lung or bronchi.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical assessment of uneven ventilation by factor analysis of Xe-133 washout scintigram].

Factor analysis (FA) was applied to 50 consecutive Xe-133 washout lung scintigrams, and its findings were compared with dynamic scintigrams of Xe-133 washout (DSW). Mean transit time (MTT) of radioactive xenon measured by FA also was compared with that measured by height/area (H/A) or two-compartment analysis (2CA). In 12 patients with normal DSW, FA separated and located two factors: one represented background activity, and the other uniform washout from the lung. In 31 out of 38 patients (82%) with abnormal DSW, FA separated the same areas where the washout was delayed on DSW. In 5 (13%) patients, FA diagnosed more areas of delayed washout than DSW. FA failed in 2 (5%) patients, but this failure was due to small number of counts of pixels. Diagnosis by FA was seemed easier than diagnosis by DSW in 95% of all patients by the authors' impression. MTT by FA (y) correlated with MTT by 2CA (x) in small groups of patients: in 9 patients in whom only one MTT was obtainable by FA (r = 0.75, p = 0.02, y = 4.2x + 1.9), and in 8 patients of normal DSW in whom two MTT's were obtainable by FA (r = 0.77, p = 0.02, y = 0.69x + 6.2, y; shorter MTT by FA between the two). MTT by FA did not correlate with MTT by H/A. In conclusion, FA is useful for diagnosing uneven Xe-133 washout from the lung.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The effectiveness of FID-CT (functional image of dynamic CT) for the evaluation of early cerebral ischemia].

A computer program was newly developed to display the ischemic area from the serial dynamic CT scan, namely the functional image of the dynamic CT (FID-CT). The principles of FID-CT are as follows; Seven rapid-sequence dynamic CT scans were taken following a peripheral bolus intravenous injection of 40 ml of iopamidol. As the data from each scan can be separated into three consecutive segments, we obtained 21 images during 44 seconds. Time density curves of each pixel were calculated employing Gamma variate fitting method. Eight functional parameters obtained from this curve were displayed with gray-scale pixel by pixel. These eight images were functional images obtained from dynamic CT. Only three or four minutes were required to complete all the calculations. Twenty-two patients were examined with both FID-CT and 123I-SPECT. In each case, the lesion detected by FID-CT was remarkably consistent with that shown by SPECT. Two representative cases were presented. The authors believe that FID-CT is a very useful diagnostic method in the acute stage of cerebral ischemia because the method can be quickly and easily performed and it discloses the ischemic area with fair certainty.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

The unfolded map using 201T1 myocardial SPECT.

The unfolded map is a new method to show the 201T1 distribution of left ventricle using SPECT. In 52 cases these maps were obtained at the stress study and 4 h later. The maximal count profiles of the perimeters for each short axis image were unfolded and were arranged from the apex to base of the left ventricle into a two dimensional map. All patients had chest pain and were suspected of coronary artery disease. The unfolded map had significant correlations between coronary arteriogram and exercise ECG findings. In conclusion, this method reflects the ischemic area of left ventricular myocardium, closer to the real left ventricular myocardium than Bull's eye display and is useful in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Relationship between susceptibility and immune response to staphylococcal exfoliative toxin A in mammalian species.

Staphylococcal exfoliative toxin A (ETA) had a splitting effect at the granular layer of skin in humans and neonatal mice, but not in rabbits, guinea pigs, golden hamsters, or rats. Besides its splitting effect, ETA could stimulate productions of neutralizing antibody to ETA in rabbits, rats and B10D2 mice, but not in golden hamsters, guinea pigs, or ICR, HRS/J, and C57BL/10 mice. In our epidemiological investigation of human sera, the percentage of antibody to ETA in sera obtained from patients with impetigo (8%) was lower than those in sera of healthy males (23%) and females (29%). The relationship between susceptibility and immune response to ETA in these mammalians could be divided into three groups: the possession of resistant skin and high production of antibody to ETA; the possession of resistant skin and low production of antibody to ETA; the possession of sensitive skin and various titers of antibody to ETA.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Behavioral effects of quinupramine, a new tricyclic antidepressant].

The effects of a new tricyclic antidepressant quinupramine (5-(3-quinuclidinyl)-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenz [b, f] azepine) on various animal behaviors were examined in mice and rats and compared with those of imipramine, amitriptyline and maprotiline. Quinupramine antagonized haloperidol-induced catalepsy and tetrabenazine-induced ptosis and potentiated methamphetamine- and apomorphine-induced stereotyped behavior. These effects were almost the same as or even more potent than those of imipramine and amitriptyline. Quinupramine decreased locomotor activity in mice, but potentiated methamphetamine-induced hyperactivity to a greater degree than imipramine and amitriptyline. On the other hand, quinupramine inhibited muricide in accumbens-lesioned rats, but did not prominently inhibit muricide in olfactory-bulbectomized and raphe-lesioned rats. Quinupramine decreased the duration of immobility in low doses without affecting locomotor activity, and this effect was almost the same as that of imipramine and amitriptyline and more potent than that of maprotiline. Quinupramine antagonized physostigmine lethality and oxotremorine-induced tremor, suggesting that quinupramine has a central anticholinergic action. Quinupramine, like imipramine and amitriptyline, has no effect on conditioned avoidance behavior. In conclusion, quinupramine generally has the same behavioral profile as typical tricyclic antidepressants, but it has somewhat different effects from imipramine and amitriptyline since quinupramine has a potent central anticholinergic and a weak antimuricide effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Prospective study to assess the clinical efficacy of bone scintigraphy--comparative study of the efficacy in breast carcinoma and prostate carcinoma].

Prospective study of bone scintigraphy was performed on 414 patients with breast carcinoma and 88 patients with prostate carcinoma. In 468 of them, confirmative diagnoses of bone, whether metastasis was existent or not, were made after the observations over a year. Finally, the incidences of bone metastasis were 11 percent for breast carcinoma and 54 percent for prostate carcinoma respectively. The efficacy of preoperative bone scintigraphy in breast carcinoma was comparable to that in prostate carcinoma with regard to improvement of predictive probability of bone metastasis: raising up the probability in the positive cases and bringing down in the negative cases.

Bone Neoplasms↗