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Biomedical subjects

K M King

Publications and source records attributed to K M King.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Short-term recovery from cardiac surgery in women: suggestions for practice.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of sex on short-term recovery from cardiac surgery. DESIGN: Prospective, nonrandomized design. Men and women undergoing elective cardiac surgery were interviewed in the immediate preoperative period and monthly by telephone through the third postoperative month. SETTING: Subjects were recruited from three cardiac surgery referral centres in western Canada. PATIENTS: One hundred and thirty-two consecutive patients entering the hospital for coronary artery bypass and/or valve surgery were recruited. Inclusion criteria required that subjects be able to communicate effectively and to live independently. One hundred and twenty subjects completed the study--60 men and 60 women; 30 of each sex group were less than 65 years of age and 30 were 65 years and older. MAIN RESULTS: Women were more functionally impaired, had less social support and reported lower life satisfaction than men preoperatively. There were no significant differences between the sexes in the outcome measures three months postoperatively, and neither age nor sex consistently predicted outcome at the three-month end-point. Sex-specific issues reflect the social circumstances from which women entered the process of having their heart disease diagnosed and undergoing cardiac surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Findings support recent conclusions that there are few differences between men and women in the recovery from cardiac surgery; however, the existing differences warrant serious consideration for changes in current clinical practice. Sex differences included women's poorer preoperative functional status, lesser social support and differences in the nature of work women return to following their surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

The women's health agenda: evolution of hormone replacement therapy as treatment and prophylaxis for coronary artery disease.

The purpose of this paper is to develop an understanding of the research literature on the connection between hormone replacement therapy and development of coronary artery disease as it pertains to women. It is clear that research in this century regarding heart disease in general has been gender-biased or inappropriately gender-neutral. Research initially focused on how the developing knowledge of the protective effect of female hormones could be used to benefit men. It has only been in the last decade or so that gender-based research has been appreciated, acknowledged, facilitated, and finally accepted for its contributions to advancing knowledge and for benefiting women with coronary artery disease.

Bias↗
PubMed1996

A historical review of the depiction of women in cardiovascular literature.

A historical review of the literature demonstrates that women have long been acknowledged as suffering from cardiac disease and disorder. Until recently, women's experience with cardiac disease was investigated primarily as the cardiac disease impinged on pregnancy or women's ability to carry out home-related duties. Only in the last decade has a more appropriate and more holistic view of women's unique experience with cardiac disease been undertaken. The authors attribute this new perspective in health literature, in large part, to the advancement of feminist approach and critique.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed1996

Women's short-term recovery from cardiac surgery.

Cardiac surgery is becoming more prevalent in women. Previous knowledge and understanding regarding the process of recovery following cardiac surgery have been based predominantly on what has been known about men. Knowledge is needed regarding factors which may be particular to women's recovery from cardiac surgery and which include both biophysical and psychosocial components. A longitudinal study was conducted to describe, from both objective and subjective perspectives, women's short-term recovery from cardiac surgery. Preoperative (baseline) data were collected from 31 women who presented for cardiac surgery at two Northern California hospitals. Following discharge from the hospital, 27 women were followed monthly by telephone for three months to obtain subjective responses regarding postoperative symptoms, perceptions of recovery, activity, and health status. The findings indicate that women's perceptions of recovery are independent of NYHA functional classification, and these perceptions improve before other more objective measures of activity or health state demonstrate improvement.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1994

Digital rectal examination, serum prostate specific antigen, and prostatic ultrasound: how effective is this diagnostic triad?

Ninety-nine of 105 consecutive men who underwent transrectal prostatic ultrasound (TRUS) at Highland Park Hospital had the results correlated with digital rectal examination (DRE), serum prostate specific antigen (PSA), and biopsy results. Ninety-six cases had evaluable ultrasound studies. Thirty-two of the 99 who underwent biopsy had primary carcinoma of the prostate. Prostate volume, predicted PSA, a ratio of observed/predicted PSA, and Gleason score were examined. There was no correlation between age and prostate volume, volume and the presence of carcinoma, or PSA and Gleason score. Thirty-one point six percent of the abnormal DREs, 36.6% of the abnormal TRUSs, and 40.6% of the elevated PSAs occurred in men with prostatic carcinoma (PCa). If PSA was normal (less than or equal to 4.0 ng/ml) and either DRE or TRUS was abnormal, then the risk of carcinoma was 2.9%. If PSA was elevated, regardless of the other two tests, the risk of finding PCa was at least 38%. If all three tests were abnormal, the risk of carcinoma was 38% in our series and 68% in a meta-analysis. Many men with PSA values between 4 and 10 ng/ml have benign biopsies. However, close future follow-up with consideration of repeat biopsy should be strongly considered.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Valve disorder: theoretical and practical nursing perspectives.

Little nursing research has been done towards reaching a better understanding of the experience of living with valve disorder. Most available resources to nurses caring for patients with valve disorder focus on pathophysiology of the disorder. The purpose of this article is to explore from both theoretical and practical perspectives, nursing issues related to caring for patients and their families while they live with a valve disorder. A chronic illness framework provides a basis to explore theoretical perspectives. Practical perspectives are explored using theoretical and pathophysiological aspects of nursing care. It is hoped that when nurses incorporate the aspects of care highlighted in this article into their practice, the patient's and family's experience of living with a valve disorder will be enhanced.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1992

A comparison of the abilities of nitrobenzylthioinosine, dilazep, and dipyridamole to protect human hematopoietic cells from 7-deazaadenosine (tubercidin).

Nitrobenzylthioinosine, dilazep, and dipyridamole are potent inhibitors of equilibrative transport of nucleosides that may have pharmacological applications in modulating the therapeutic index of nucleoside antimetabolites used in cancer chemotherapy. We have compared the relative abilities of these inhibitors to reduce the toxicity of in vitro exposures to tubercidin against clonogenic progenitor cells of normal human bone marrow (CFU-GEMM, BFU-E, CFU-GM) and of two leukemic human cell lines (HL-60/C1, CCRF-CEM) that differ in their expression of transporter subtypes. Short (1-h) exposures to 1 microM tubercidin alone inhibited colony formation (a) of normal human hematopoietic progenitors (CFU-GEMM, BFU-E, CFU-GM) by 100%, and (b) of HL-60/C1 and CCRF-CEM cells by > 90%. Pretreatment (30 min) with nitrobenzylthioinosine, dilazep, or dipyridamole followed by simultaneous treatment (1 h) with these transport inhibitors during tubercidin exposures reduced toxicity against hematopoietic progenitors and cell lines. Greater reductions of toxicity were consistently seen with bone marrow progenitors and CCRF-CEM cells than with HL-60/C1 cells. For CFU-GEMM, BFU-E, and CFU-GM cells, reductions in tubercidin toxicity of 50-100% were achieved at these concentrations: > or = 0.1 microM (nitrobenzylthioinosine); > or = 0.1 microM (dilazep); and > or = 3.0 microM (dipyridamole). Pretreatment (30 min) followed by simultaneous treatment (1 h) with any of the transport inhibitors (> or = 0.1 microM) and 0.1 microM [3H]-tubercidin blocked the uptake of radioactivity completely in CCRF-CEM cells and only partially in HL-60/C1 cells. These effects, which were consistent with the nucleoside transport phenotypes of CCRF-CEM cells (inhibitor-sensitive) and HL-60/C1 cells (inhibitor-sensitive and inhibitor-resistant), suggested that protection was due to the inhibition of tubercidin uptake via equilibrative nucleoside transport system(s). Light-density mononuclear cells from human bone marrow, of which the clonogenic progenitors represented only a minor (< 0.01%) subpopulation, possessed far fewer nitrobenzylthioinosine-binding sites (2 x 10(4) sites/cell, Kd = 0.7 nM) than either HL-60/C1 cells (1.7 x 10(5) sites/cell, Kd = 0.9 nM) or CCRF-CEM cells (3.3 x 10(5) sites/cell, Kd = 0.5 nM). Initial rates of uptake of 1 microM [3H]adenosine (0-6 s, 20 degrees C) by human bone marrow mononuclear cells were reduced partially by 0.1 microM inhibitor (nitrobenzylthioinosine > dipyridamole > dilazep) and completely by 10 microM inhibitor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adenosine↗
PubMed1992

Effect of a hypoxic tumor cell cytotoxic disulfide on the membrane and DNA of tumor cells in culture.

A disulfide, n-butyl 2-imidazolyl disulfide (III-2), recently reported to be more toxic to EMT6 tumor cells under hypoxia has also been shown to be preferentially toxic to KHT/iv cells under hypoxia with an IC90 value 3-fold lower versus that measured in air. The IC90 values for both cell lines were markedly affected when the pHe was decreased. Uptake studies revealed that the disulfide is metabolized at the cell membrane with only one of the metabolites, n-butanethiol, being taken up into the cell. There were no differences in the amount of uptake under oxia or hypoxia. Investigation of potential membrane damage revealed that III-2 was a mixed inhibitor of the enzyme Na+,K(+)-ATPase, from isolated plasma membrane. DNA damage, when examined using plasmid DNA in the absence or presence of glutathione, was absent. Minor single-strand breaks to EMT6 DNA could only be observed following exposure to III-2 at the highest concentrations tested, with no differences observed between treatments in air or under hypoxia.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Evaluation of some azines of aminomethylacetophenones and related quaternary ammonium compounds versus the EMT6 tumour.

Azines derived from 3-dimethylamino-1-phenyl-1-propanone hydrochloride and two ring dimethylaminomethyl-acetophenones as well as the related quaternary ammonium iodides were synthesized. In phosphate buffer ph 7.4/37 degrees C 3-dimethylamino-1-phenyl-1-propanone azine dimethoiodide (2) formed 1-phenyl-3-(3-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-1-yl)-1-propanone. In the presence of a biomimetic thiol, 2-mercaptoethanol, compound 2 gave a bis S-alkylated product namely 3-(2-hydroxyethylthio)-1-phenyl-1-propanone azine. New products were not observed when two quaternary ammonium compounds derived from ring aminomethylacetophenone azines were examined under similar conditions. Six derivatives had moderate activity against the EMT6 tumour in vitro at concentrations of 250-500 mumol.1(-1) and greatest potency was noted with the ring dimethylaminomethylacetophenone azines and related quaternary ammonium compounds at these concentrations.

Acetophenones↗
PubMed1986

The diagnosis of schizophrenia by language analysis.

Our aim was to test the findings of a study which claimed that, if the syntactic structure of schizophrenic speech were subjected to a detailed linguistic analysis, clear differences would be demonstrated between schizophrenic, manic and control populations. It was confirmed that schizophrenics do have less syntactically complex speech which contains more errors. Using linguistic variables in a discriminant function analysis, it was possible to predict diagnoses correctly in 79% of cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The coital coronary: A reassessment of the concept.

The concept of the coital coronary, that is sudden death due to cardiovascular disorder associated with sexual activity of one form or another, is reviewed and reevaluated. Research on the hemodynamic demands of coitus, the concept of stress in this regard, the etiologic role of arrhythmias and current clinical wisdom are assessed with respect to sudden sex-related deaths. The actual empirical evidence underlying prevailing beliefs is also carefully reviewed and observed to be grossly deficient. Our knowledge concerning the etiology and incidence of the condition is restructured within a hierarchical model related to the degree of scientific confirmation available, and suggestions concerning a more valid appraisal of the phenomenon are advanced.

Adult↗