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Biomedical subjects

K M Horton

Publications and source records attributed to K M Horton.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Simple radiographic evaluation of ileoanal pouch volume.

PURPOSE: Total colectomy and mucosal protectomy with ileal reservoir and anal pull-through is used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis or familial polyposis, with one complication being frequent bowel movements. A simple radiographic test to predict frequency of bowel movements and measure spasticity was evaluated. METHODS: Fourteen patients underwent evaluation after ileal reservoir and anal pull-through J-pouch construction. Barium sulfate suspension was instilled into the pouch via the anus in the standing position until reflux flowed into the small intestine proximal to the pouch and patients felt the urge to defecate. Total volume infused (VOLtot), volume to reflux (VOLrflx), and volume voided (VOLvoid) were measured. RESULTS: VOLvoid and the "voiding efficiency" (VOLvoid/VOLtot) correlated significantly with stool frequency (R=-0.744, P<0.002 and R=-0.754, P<0.002, respectively). Time from operation was correlated with VOLvoid and stool frequency (R=-0.723, P<0.003 and RO.573, P<0.032, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The addition of quantitative measurements to this radiographic test gives useful information about pouch performance. Furthermore, the data imply that spasticity, as measured by voiding quantum and efficiency, rather than actual pouch volume is a major determinant of bowel movement frequency.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Use of Wallstents for hemodialysis access-related venous stenoses and occlusions untreatable with balloon angioplasty.

PURPOSE: To determine whether the Wallstent endoluminal prosthesis can be used to maintain patency of venous stenoses and occlusions related to hemodialysis access. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Wallstents were placed in 52 patients with 56 lesions. Thirty-two lesions were in central veins and 24 were in peripheral veins. Stents were placed immediately after failed angioplasty in 39 patients, because of early restenosis after angioplasty in four, and for treatment of a lesion unsuitable for angioplasty in eight. The remaining five lesions were treated at the operator's discretion after predilation. RESULTS: The procedural success rate was 96%. The cumulative primary patency rate was 46% at 6 months and 20% at 12 months; however, with repeat treatment, the cumulative assisted patency rate was 76% at 6 months and 33% at 12 months. Known causes of recurrence included intimal hyperplasia in or near the stent, stent slippage, and remote stenoses. Complications included two stent migrations due to central line placement and one stent-related pseudoaneurysm. CONCLUSION: Wallstents are safe to deploy for dialysis access. Wallstents are useful for treating lesions that fail angioplasty and catheter-related central venous occlusions.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗
PubMed1994

Mucinous adenocarcinoma at the ileocecal valve mimicking Crohn's disease.

Two patients presented to their clinicians with bowel complaints thought to be suggestive of Crohn's disease. The patients were sent for radiological studies to confirm that diagnosis. The radiologic findings in both patients were thought to be consistent with Crohn's disease, although not classical. No further diagnostic studies were initially undertaken. Each patient suffered small bowel obstruction and at surgery each was found to have a mucinous adenocarcinoma of the ileocecal valve. No evidence of Crohn's disease was found. At pathologic examination some interesting characteristics of the tumors were observed, which perhaps accounted for the misdiagnosis of Crohn's disease. It also was evident that the clinical information supplied to the radiologist may have influenced the radiologic interpretations. These cases stress the importance of obtaining tissue diagnoses in situations where radiographic findings are consistent but atypical with the clinical diagnosis of Crohn's disease.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1981

Near-infrared reflectance determination of fat, protein, and moisture in fresh meat.

Near-infrared spectral absorption properties were determined for emulsified and ground meat samples. Six corrected log numbers associated with the optical responses of 6 filters in the InfraAlyzer were used as multiple independent variables in regression equations. Dependent variables for the equations were moisture, determined by oven-drying; fat, determined by Goldfisch extraction; and protein, determined by the Kjeldahl method. InfraAlyzer log values, replicated 4 times on each emulsified beef sample and 3 times on each ground lamb sample, increased as the samples were warmed from the heat generated in the sample drawer. Variation in temperature of the meat samples were partially responsible for differences in constant terms and in regression coefficients for equations developed on data from different replications of a sample. Multiple correlation coefficients for fat ranged from 0.91 to 0.94 in emulsified meat and from 0.83 to 0.85 in ground meat; for moisture, 0.90-0.94 and 0.83-0.85, respectively; and for protein, 0.80-0.85 and 0.72-0.77, respectively. Overall, near-infrared reflectance shows promise as a rapid method for determining composition of meat. Nevertheless, some aspects of near-infrared reflectance require further attention.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Percutaneous hepatic venous reanastomosis in a patient with Budd-Chiari syndrome.

A 33-year-old woman with Budd-Chiari syndrome for 9 years presented with worsening right upper quadrant pain and progressive liver dysfunction. Hepatic venography demonstrated hepatic vein occlusions, without significant IVC obstruction. Attempts at stenting a stenotic middle hepatic vein were unsuccessful. Transjugular access, however, allowed puncture from the stump of the right hepatic vein into the engorged right intrahepatic vein that had been demonstrated by retrograde hepatic venography. Two Palmaz stents were used to form the veno-venous reanastomosis. Initial success was documented angiographically and by pressure measurements before and after shunting. Followup at 7 and 16 months confirmed patency of the anastomosis without intimal hyperplasia. The patient noted near-complete resolution of her pain, and her liver function stabilized.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Left adrenal vein localization by 3D real-time volume-rendering CTA before laparoscopic nephrectomy in living renal donors.

BACKGROUND: We investigated whether the left adrenal vein could be consistently localized on three-dimensional (3D) real-time volume-rendering computed tomographic angiographic (CTA) mapping in a group of living renal donors before laparoscopic nephrectomy. METHODS: Sixty-six consecutive potential renal donors were referred for CTA vascular mapping before laparoscopic donor nephrectomy. Thirty-three patients were examined on a single-detector helical CT scanner and the other 33 were examined on a multidetector unit. In each patient, arterial phase and venous phase volumetric data sets were acquired after the intravenous injection of 150 cc of non-ionic contrast material. Three radiologists reviewed the data sets at a free-standing workstation after the application of 3D volume-rendering software and reached a consensus on whether the left adrenal vein was visualized and, when seen, its position relative to the abdominal aorta. RESULTS: The left adrenal vein was found in 92.5% of the 66 donors (91% in the single-detector group and 94% in the multidetector group). The junction of the left adrenal vein and left renal vein averaged 5.2 mm (range = 0-13 mm) from the left lateral wall of the abdominal aorta. CONCLUSION: Three-dimensional real-time volume-rendering CTA with single-detector and multidetector scanners permits consistent localization of the left adrenal vein in more than 90 % of prospective living renal donors.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Paraumbilical vein in the cirrhotic patient: imaging with 3D CT angiography.

The paraumbilical vein is a common venous collateral in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. This pictorial essay demonstrates the use of computed tomographic angiography with three-dimensional volume rendering techniques to visualize the paraumbilical vein and its relationship to abdominal wall collaterals. The unique anatomy and embryology of this vessel is also discussed.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Metastasizing chordoma in early childhood: report of a case at 1.5 T.

We present here the first report of an extraskeletal metastasizing presacral chordoma found in a child. MRI of this large lesion showed heterogeneous signal intensity on both the SE 550/30 and on SE 2440/100 images. MRI demonstrated this mass to be separate from the sacrum and provided nonionizing cross-sectional imaging prior to attempted surgical resection.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Perforation of the small bowel as a complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy: CT findings.

Despite the widespread use of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, technical complications unique to the laparoscopic approach may lead to significant postoperative morbidity and mortality. We report a rare case of small bowel perforation due to trocar injury that led to extensive pneumoperitoneum and pneumomediastinum in a patient who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Small bowel injuries should be suspected when a large or an increasing amount of free air is detected following this procedure.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Atypical extralobar sequestration: CT-pathological correlation.

Pulmonary sequestration is a malformation comprised of dysplastic lung tissue without normal communication with the tracheobronchial tree and with an anomalous systemic arterial supply. Pulmonary sequestration is classified into two types, intralobar and extralobar based on the location of the malformation and the venous drainage. Extralobar sequestration is less common than intralobar sequestration and usually has systemic venous drainage into the azygos system. Most patients with extralobar sequestration are diagnosed before the age of 10. We present an interesting and unusual case of extralobar sequestration which presented as a retroperitoneal mass in an asymptomatic adult.

Adult↗