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Biomedical subjects

K Lyons

Publications and source records attributed to K Lyons.

85 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Stroke onset and rehabilitation: time lag as a factor in treatment outcome.

Increasing time between stroke onset and initiation of rehabilitation has been associated with poorer outcome in published reports. However, this conclusion is difficult to generalize because of variations in study sample size and selection. The present study examines rehabilitation outcomes for 687 patients admitted to a private rehabilitation center. Outcome variables include measures of ambulation, transfers, upper extremity function, and self-care in dressing, feeding, hygiene, communication, and household and homemaking activities. The association of outcome with fourteen variables, including time since onset, is explored using a multiple regression approach. Results suggest that time since stroke onset before admission to a rehabilitation facility has a minor effect on outcome when adjustments for other variables are taken into account. Its effects appear to be limited to treatment received in physical therapy, such as transfers and ambulation training. Other variables such as patient age, judgment, attention to task, and skill carryover are consistently associated with outcome measures and should be considered when assessing rehabilitation potential.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1983

Timing and relative intensity of hip extensor and abductor muscle action during level and stair ambulation. An EMG study.

The timing and relative intensity of electromyographic activity of hip abductor and extensor muscles were recorded during free and fast velocity walking and during ascent and descent of stairs. Eleven healthy subjects were tested using fine wire electrodes to record the electromyographic activity. Data were quantified by normalizing all electromyographic activity during gait with electromyographic activity occurring during a sustained maximum isometric effort resisted either manually or with a dynamometer. The results indicated that the hip extensor muscles had different phasic patterns and moments of peak activity. During level walking, the semimembranosus and long head of the biceps femoris muscles displayed the greatest swing phase activity (beginning in mid-swing). The adductor magnus muscle followed with its onset in terminal swing. Both this muscle and the gluteus maximus were the principal hip extensors active during the loading response. For ascending stairs, the lower portion of the gluteus maximus muscle proved to be the main hip extensor during the loading response and mid-stance. The findings also showed that the upper portion of the gluteus maximus muscle functioned more like the gluteus medius muscle than the lower portion of the gluteus maximus muscle during both level and stair walking.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Stress myocardial imaging in patients with mitral valve prolapse: evidence of a perfusion abnormality.

Twenty-four patients with mitral valve prolapse underwent cardiac catheterization, exercise testing, and exercise 201thallium scintigraphy. Of 10 patients with coronary artery disease, six had abnormal scintigrams. Two of these six had exercise-induced reversible defects, two had defects that persisted during redistribution, and two had both reversible and persistent defects. Of 14 patients with normal coronary arteries, five had negative scintigrams. Of the remaining nine patients, two had exercise-induced defects, and seven (50%) had defects involving the inferior or posterior wall that persisted during redistribution. Possible mechanisms for this latter finding are discussed. In contrast to previous reports, exercise 201thallium scintigraphy was not entirely successful in identifying patients with coronary artery disease in our patients with mitral valve prolapse.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Moctanin.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Caprylates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect and time course of deep brain stimulation of the globus pallidus and subthalamus on motor features of Parkinson's disease.

We studied the effect and temporal profile of deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus on the motor signs of Parkinson's disease (PD). Four patients with bilateral deep brain stimulators of the globus pallidus and four patients with bilateral deep brain stimulators of the subthalamus were studied while taking no medication and at 15 and 30 minutes and 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after turning stimulation on. An immediate (15 minutes) and sustained (6 hours) benefit was observed for all the motor manifestations of PD for both stimulation sites. Deep brain stimulation of the globus pallidus and subthalamus is highly effective in reducing all the cardinal motor features of PD.

Electric Stimulation Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Risk factors for dementia in Parkinson's disease: effect of education.

Cognitive deficits are common in Parkinson's disease (PD), but the pathophysiology and relationship to Alzheimer's disease (AD) are not understood. We used a case-control format to investigate putative risk factors for the development of dementia in patients with Parkinson's disease. We compared 52 cognitively intact patients with PD to 43 PD patients with dementia with regard to factors previously suggested as relevant to either AD or PD. Multiple logistic regression yielded the following significant predictors of dementia in PD: lack of education (less than a high school graduate) (OR 21); severity of motor deficit (UPDRS total motor score greater than 20; OR 6.34), and PD onset at greater than 60 years of age (OR 4.12). The predictive probability of dementia in our subjects when all three variables were positive was 97.9%. We conclude that education may modify the risk of cognitive decline in PD. Protective effects of educational attainment, independent of dementia etiology, may be due to greater functional brain reserve.

Age of Onset↗