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Biomedical subjects

K Little

Publications and source records attributed to K Little.

69 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

A scientific overview of the development of AIDS vaccines.

This article explores the development of AIDS vaccines. It briefly describes the differences between cellular and humoral immune systems and their role in HIV disease. It also considers the use of animal models in vaccine research to simulate human immune system responses to HIV. In addition, various vaccine strategies are explained. These strategies include live attenuated vaccines, subunit vaccines, live vector-based vaccines, DNA vaccines, pseudovirions, whole inactivated virus, and combination products. Advantages and disadvantages for each strategy will be described as well as the current state of progress in vaccine development. The purpose of this article is to educate nurses and other health care providers about the recent developments in vaccine technology as well as to encourage all health care providers to advocate for increased research and development of HIV-1 vaccines.

AIDS Vaccines↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of intravenous glucagon and dextrose in treatment of severe hypoglycemia in an accident and emergency department.

Hypoglycemia is a serious problem in insulin-treated diabetic patients. In this study the efficacy of intravenous glucagon (1 mg) was compared with that of intravenous dextrose (25 g) in the treatment of hypoglycemia in insulin-treated patients attending an accident and emergency department. In addition, the prevailing glycemic control of these patients was compared with patients routinely attending a diabetic outpatient clinic. Both intravenous glucagon and dextrose were effective in the treatment of hypoglycemic coma. There was a difference in the glycemic profile after intravenous glucagon compared with intravenous dextrose, and recovery of a normal level of consciousness after glucagon was slower than after dextrose (6.5 vs. 4.0 min, respectively; P less than .001), although the average duration of hypoglycemic coma was 1.4 h. The glucagon- and dextrose-treated groups had significantly lower HbA1 than comparable patients routinely attending the clinic (9.5 +/- 0.8 vs. 12.0 +/- 3.8%, respectively; P less than .001). In view of the ease of administration and the small risk of vascular and extravascular complications, intravenous glucagon appears to be a useful alternative to intravenous dextrose in the treatment of severe hypoglycemia.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Central line exit sites: which dressing?

Recent developments in dressings for intravenous access sites include a transparent dressing which does not retain moisture. This article describes a randomised controlled trial to compare the new dressing with a standard dressing. There was no difference in sepsis rates between the two groups, and both methods had advantages and disadvantages. The authors suggest that cost may be a factor in choice of dressing.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗