Effect of histological fixation on carbohydrate-rich tissue compounds and their periodate consumption.
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Acetates↗
Biomedical subjects
K Lindholm
Publications and source records attributed to K Lindholm.
Clinical cytology as cytology in the clinical setting.
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Biopsy, Needle↗
Frequency of cytologic features in fine needle aspirates from histologically and cytologically diagnosed fibroadenomas.
Identification of key cytologic criteria for various lesions by means of stepwise logistic regression is common today and is often claimed to facilitate cytologic diagnosis. As can be expected, there usually is good agreement between the selected criteria and those given in the cytologic literature. In a study by Bottles et al based on 64 fibroadenomas, stroma, antler horn clusters and honeycomb sheets differentiated fibroadenoma from ductal carcinoma. We applied Bottles's criteria to our fibroadenoma material in order to test their value in clinical cytologic practice. In fine needle aspirates from histologically (cytologically) diagnosed fibroadenomas, stroma was found in 41 (57%), antler horn clusters in 59 (90%) and honeycomb sheets in 62 (81%), which reduced the clinical value of the criteria.
Adenofibroma↗
Aspiration cytology of tubular breast carcinoma.
The cytologic features in smears of fine needle aspirates from 34 tubular breast carcinomas were studied. Uniform and bland epithelium in cohesive clusters dominated all specimens; two-thirds also showed some degree of cellular dissociation. Characteristic (but not quite pathognomonic) angular epithelial clusters with a tubular structure occurred in about 50% of the smears. Sparsely occurring atypical nuclei and/or cytoplasmic vacuoles, similar to those seen in lobular cancer, were found in half of the cases. Although a lack of myoepithelial cells was apparent in the majority of the smears, one-fourth of them showed a quite prominent myoepithelial component. Various combinations of atypical features resulted in a picture that was considered diagnostic of malignancy in 50% of the cases; the remaining specimens showed less pronounced atypia. Other pitfalls associated with the cytologic diagnosis of tubular carcinoma are discussed, and the importance of basing the management of small breast lesions on the mammographic as well as on the cytologic findings is emphasized.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Electron microscopy of fine needle aspiration biopsy from a malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Report of a case.
A case is reported in which electron microscopy was utilized to make a preoperative differential diagnosis of a soft tissue sarcoma on material obtained by fine-needle aspiration biopsy. The value of electron microscopy as an adjunct to cytologic study of such material is pointed out, as is the suitability of aspirated material for electron microscopic examination.
Aged↗
Fine needle aspiration biopsy of cystic lesions of the head and neck, excluding the thyroid.
The occurrence of cystic lesions of the head and neck region (excluding the thyroid gland) and their diagnosis by fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy were reviewed for a two-year period. Of the 967 total aspirates of the region, 98 were cystic. The frequency of cysts was thus 10% in the total material, including 23% in parotid gland aspirates and 3% in lymph node aspirates. Salivary gland cysts occurred more often on the right side. The overall malignancy rate was the same for cysts and solid lesions (16%); however, 81% of cystic lymph node lesions were malignant. There was no difference in the frequency of nondiagnostic FNA material between solid and cystic lesions. A histologically correct diagnosis of benign or malignant was rendered by cytology in 85% of the cystic cases, with 4% false negatives and 2% false positives. This diagnostic accuracy was similar to that of the solid lesions. The FNA diagnostic problems were concentrated in the salivary gland lesions, with the false diagnoses illustrating the difficulties of interpreting atypical oxyphilic epithelium. The results suggest that a true neoplastic lesion should be seriously considered when a single population of oxyphilic epithelium is identified, even at the risk of overdiagnosing benign lesions.
Biopsy, Needle↗
Reliability of ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy of pancreatic masses.
Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNB) was performed with ultrasound guidance in 79 patients in whom sonography had revealed a mass suggesting pancreatic malignancy. The final diagnosis (surgery, autopsy and clinical course) in 69 of these 79 patients was a malignancy closely related to the pancreas while in the remaining 10 patients benign disease was confirmed. A correct diagnosis of malignancy was attained by FNB in 59 of the 69 patients with a malignant tumour while in 10 it failed to confirm the diagnosis. FNB yielded a true negative result in 10 patients with benign disease. The accuracy of sonographically guided FNB in the present investigation was 87 per cent. Ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy is considered the method of choice for further evaluation of pancreatic masses.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Fine needle aspiration cytology of myxoid metastatic malignant melanoma.
The macroscopic and microscopic findings in a fine needle aspirate of a myxoid metastatic malignant melanoma are presented. The macroscopically mucoid material and the microscopically normal appearance of the cells in the myxomatous background were pitfalls while the presence of a melanin-positive pigment was a clue to the correct diagnosis.
Axilla↗
Benign dermal eccrine cylindroma. A pitfall in the cytologic diagnosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma.
Aspiration cytology from four benign dermal eccrine cylindromas and five adenoid cystic carcinomas were compared. These two lesions were found to have so much in common morphologically that they may be indistinguishable on a purely cytologic basis. Accordingly, we recommend a restricted excision to obtain a histopathologic diagnosis before more extensive surgery is performed whenever a lesion is cytologically consistent with adenoid cystic carcinoma but clinically shows a picture that does not exclude dermal eccrine cylindroma.
Biopsy, Needle↗
Morphometric studies on nuclei in smears of fine needle aspirates from oxyphilic tumors of the thyroid.
Morphometry was applied to smears of fine needle aspirates from 26 oxyphilic thyroid neoplasms. Thirteen tumors were considered benign as judged from histologic findings and clinical follow-up for 2 to 20 years after the operation. Thirteen tumors were considered malignant histologically; four of these had proven metastases. In each case the mean and standard deviation of the projected nuclear area were calculated from 200 nuclei in the smear. Our results indicate that morphometric estimation of mean nuclear size and/or degree of anisokaryosis is of no practical value in distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms of the oxyphilic type.
Biopsy, Needle↗
Aspiration cytology of a rare solid and papillary epithelial neoplasm of the pancreas. Light and electron microscopic study of a case.
The light and electron microscopic appearance of fine needle aspirates from a case of a solid and papillary neoplasm of the pancreas is described. This rare type of tumor, which is often large when detected and usually occurs in young women, has a favorable prognosis if treated surgically. Thus, it is important to distinguish this lesion from other pancreatic neoplasms with regard to the choice of therapy. Possible cytologic differential diagnoses and the aid of electron microscopy in this context are discussed.
Adult↗
Fine needle aspiration cytology of tubular breast carcinoma and radial scar.
Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) findings in 33 tubular breast carcinomas (TC) and 10 radial scars (RS) were reviewed. In 19 (57%) cases of TC, a categorical diagnosis of malignancy could be made. Four (12%) TC, all containing myoepithelial cells, were misdiagnosed as benign. None of the RS was misinterpreted as malignant on FNAC. All RS smears contained myoepithelial cells. Although RS shared some of the cytologic features of TC, the lack of conspicuous nucleoli and pleomorphism prevented a false-positive diagnosis. Tubular angular structures, considered to be a characteristic feature of TC, may also occur in RS. Cellularity was poorer in RS than TC. The FNA yield obtained when attempting to aspirate small TC and RS lesions may originate in adjacent breast lesions and give a misleading cytologic picture. The occurrence of myoepithelial cells and/or lack of dissociation are not unequivocal benign signs in FNA smears; such findings do occur in TC. Finally, the difficulties that may be encountered in the diagnosis of TC and RS by frozen section are briefly discussed. Radiology often helped in establishing a diagnosis of malignancy in TC but did not help in ruling out malignancy in RS. A teamwork approach to the diagnosis and management of these lesions is recommended.
Adenocarcinoma↗