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Biomedical subjects

K Lind

Publications and source records attributed to K Lind.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Prevalence of Legionnaires' disease in pneumonia patients admitted to a Danish department of infectious diseases.

During a 14-month study period, 92 patients admitted to the University Clinic for Infectious Diseases with pneumonia were investigated to determine the prevalence and severity of Legionnaires' disease (LD). The diagnosis of LD was based on positive serology. Antibodies to 10 different legionella antigens--Legionella pneumophila serogroups 1-6, Fluoribacter (Legionella) bozemanae, F. dumoffii, F. gormanii, and Tatlockia (Legionella) micdadei--were measured by the microagglutination (MA) and indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) techniques. LD was diagnosed in 22 patients showing a 4-fold or greater rise of MA titers. 10 patients showed a 4-fold or greater rise of IFA titer, 2 had standing high titer. One patient died. Legionella infection was the second most common cause of pneumonia. However, in half of the cases legionella infection occurred concomitantly with Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia psittaci, or viral infections. All 22 LD cases were sporadic. LD had been contracted abroad by 6 patients. Two of the legionella pneumonias were hospital-acquired. Half of the LD patients were older than 60 years. The majority of cases occurred during the winter months. Neither clinical chemistry parameters nor clinical features could distinguish LD from other types of pneumonia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Infections with Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis in women with acute salpingitis.

The value of cultural and serological procedures in diagnosing gonococcal and chlamydial infections was investigated in 85 women who had provisional diagnoses of pelvic inflammatory disease. The correlation between certain clinical variables and the absence or presence of such infections was also studied. In 46 the diagnosis of acute salpingitis was verified by laparoscopy. The laboratory and clinical findings in the patients with acute salpingitis were compared with those in the remaining 39 women in whom laparoscopy did not show signs of inflammation. Salpingitis was considered to be gonococcal if Neisseria gonorrhoeae was isolated or a fourfold or more change in titre of antibodies to gonococcus pilus antigen was found. The diagnosis of chlamydial salpingitis was based on the isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis, a fourfold or more change in titre of IgG antibodies to or from a titre of greater than or equal to 1/256, or the presence of IgG antibodies at a titre of greater than or equal to 1/512. Patients with chlamydial salpingitis had less severe symptoms but a more protracted course of disease than patients with gonococcal salpingitis or with acute salpingitis not associated with the two pathogens.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Importance of Mycoplasma hominis in acute salpingitis assessed by culture and serological tests.

In 95 women with a provisional diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease, a final diagnosis of acute salpingitis was confirmed by laparoscopy in 46 and 10 had strong clinical evidence of acute salpingitis. The findings in the remaining 39 patients without signs of acute salpingitis by laparoscopy were used as a standard of reference. Criteria for the diagnosis of possible mycoplasmal salpingitis were tentatively defined as the isolation of Mycoplasma hominis from the cervix together with positive test results for M hominis antibodies (a titre of greater than or equal to 1/1280 or a change in titre, or both); these criteria were fulfilled in 12 patients with acute salpingitis. A positive correlation between mycoplasmal salpingitis and chlamydial salpingitis or gonococcal salpingitis, or both, was significant. Mycoplasmal salpingitis was not associated with any characteristic clinical feature different from those of patients with non-mycoplasmal salpingitis. Our findings do not support the view that M hominis is an important primary pathogen in acute salpingitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Clinical assessment of amalgam fillings.

The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of amalgam fillings among 20-yr-old Helsinki University students. The quality of the fillings was evaluated for the teeth 16 and 46. The marginal adaptation, anatomical form and surface texture of the fillings were evaluated and the filled surfaces were classified as being good, or requiring refinishing or replacement. The age of the fillings and how often they had been replaced were also evaluated from previous records. 47% of the filled surfaces were classified as good, 43% needed to be refinished and 10% needed replacement. The reasons for refinishing a filling were faults in surface texture (61%), anatomical form (23%) or marginal adaptation (16%). The reasons for replacing a filling were fractured filling (38%), secondary caries or incorrect marginal adaptation (23%), inadequate anatomical form (13%) or poor surface texture (26%) which could not be refinished. The mean age of all fillings was 6.6 yr. The mean age of fillings which needed replacement was 7.3 yr. The maxillary first molar had been filled an average of 2.0 times and the mandibular first molar 2.2 times by the age of 20 yr.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Clinical short term study of marginal integrity of resin restorations.

The marginal adaptation of 649 Durafill and Silux fillings in beveled and acid etched enamel cavities was assessed in a clinical study. The investigation included Class III with and without lingual extension, Class IV and Class V. The frequency of marginal discoloration and marginal gaps after 15 months was markedly reduced in all Classes when a low-viscous resin was used prior to application of the restorative.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1984

Mycoplasma pneumoniae--stimulation of lymphocytes obtained from adenoid vegetations and blood in children with and without serological evidence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.

Thymidine incorporation in lymphocytes obtained from adenoids (AVL) and blood (PBL) and stimulated in vitro with Mycoplasma (M.) pneumoniae antigen, was determined in 16 children with serological indication of a current or recent M.pneumoniae infection, and in 14 controls. Both AVL and PBL gave higher responses in the M.pneumoniae-positive group than in the control group. The best discrimination between the two groups was achieved by AVL stimulated by M.pneumoniae, AVL did not respond, indicating that in this assay recent or actual M.pneumoniae infection is better expressed by AVL than by PBL.

Adenoids↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of a micro-agglutination test and the indirect immunofluorescence test for Legionella antibodies in patients.

A micro-agglutination (MA) test for antibodies to 10 different Legionella antigens was compared with the indirect immunofluorescence (IF) test. The antigens used were prepared from Legionella (L.) pneumophila serogroups (SG) 1-6, L. micdadei, L.bozemanii, L.dumoffii, and L.gormanii. Sera from 728 patients suspected of suffering from Legionella pneumonia were investigated by both tests. Thirty-five patients showed a significant rise in IF titre to greater than or equal to 128, and 43 had single or static titres of greater than or equal to 256 while the remaining 150 had negative IF titres. The results of the comparison indicate that the MA test offers at least the same sensitivity as the IF test in demonstrating diagnostic titre rises. It may be used as a screening test for selection of sera for further analysis by the IF test. In contrast to the IF test, MA is simple and inexpensive.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1984

Serological cross-reactions between Mycoplasma genitalium and Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

The recently discovered mycoplasma species Mycoplasma genitalium was isolated from urethral specimens from men with nongonococcal urethritis (Tully et al., Lancet i:1288-1291, 1981). In a previous report (K. Lind, Lancet ii:1158-1159, 1982), prominent serological cross-reactions were demonstrated between this mycoplasma and M. pneumoniae. In the present study, the two mycoplasma species were compared more extensively. In classical mycoplasma medium without thallium acetate, M. genitalium grew more slowly than M. pneumoniae did but finally formed similar amounts of acetic acid and lactic acid from glucose. Although their colonies on solid medium were indistinguishable, transmission electron microscopy showed that the flask-formed cells of M. genitalium (especially their necks) were shorter than those of M. pneumoniae. The two species were distinct since DNA hybridization showed only 1.8% homology in base sequences, and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed significantly different profiles of the two strains. However, considerable similarities were found in their antigenic reactions in various serological tests. The presence of common or closely related antigens was demonstrated in the two species with rabbit immune sera in complement fixation test with chloroform-methanol-extracted antigens by an indirect immunofluorescence test on microcolonies, and by metabolism inhibition and growth inhibition tests. Cross-reactions were also demonstrated by crossed immunoelectrophoresis. The role of M. genitalium as a human pathogen in the genital tract has not been assessed. If serological tests are to be used in this assessment, caution must be exercised due to the extensive cross-reactions demonstrated. Some of the species-specific antigens which we have demonstrated would be appropriate for use in such tests and would help to circumvent problems caused by cross-reactions.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Mycoplasma hominis septicaemia.

Mycoplasma hominis septicaemia occurred in a patient with a malignant lymphoma of lymphoblastic type in leukaemic phase. M hominis was isolated several times from blood cultures with antibody titres against the micro-organism rising to a high level despite severe immunosuppression. M hominis was detected in the blood after subculture of the blood culture bottles despite their macroscopically normal appearance. The patient's pyrexia resolved without treatment with antibiotics effective against M hominis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Serological investigations of Legionella infections in Denmark.

During the period 1 July 1978 to 1 January 1982, sera from 728 patients suspected of suffering from Legionella infection were tested for Legionella antibodies by an indirect fluorescent antibody test. The antigens used were prepared from heat-killed strains of L.pneumophila serogroups 1-4. In 1981 we further incorporated antigens from serogroups 5 and 6 of L.pneumophila together with L.micdadei, L.bozemanii, L.dumoffii and L.gormanii. According to the criteria put forward by CDC, Atlanta, USA Legionella infection was confirmed in 78 patients with pneumonia. Sera from 35 showed at least a four-fold rise in titre to greater than or equal to 128, while 43 had single or static titres of greater than or equal to 256. There were 59 men and 19 women (3.1:1) with a median age of 51 and 49, respectively. More than half the patients showed maximum titres of antibodies to L.pneumophila serogroup 1. In an additional patient, who was not tested serologically, the diagnosis was made post mortem at CDC by demonstration of Legionella in lung tissue. There were 11 fatal cases among the 79 patients (13.9%). Thirty-two had contracted the disease on a journey abroad. All cases except the seven first cases among tourists from Garda, Italy, were sporadic. The number of cases diagnosed has increased heavily while the proportion of imported cases has decreased.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Legionella microagglutination test. A serological study of Danish patients.

A microagglutination (MA) test for antibodies to 10 different Legionella antigens was evaluated by comparison with an indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test. Sera from 227 patients were investigated. There was good agreement between the two tests, especially when testing sera from patients with a rise in titre. The MA is promising as an easy, quick, cheap and reproducible test for antibodies to Legionella.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1982

A synthesis of studies on stroke rehabilitation.

The functional rehabilitation of stroke patients is a frequent service provided in hospitals and long care settings. Research regarding the effectiveness of therapy has been conducted infrequently and the results of studies often conflict. This article describes the results of seven studies which employed different study designs and sample populations. Three observational studies found that rehabilitation is effective while three experimental studies found no effect. One observational study not only failed to find a positive effect but also found that physical therapy was associated with shoulder-hand syndrome. The findings of these seven studies are synthesized in an attempt to resolve apparently conflicting results and arrive at conclusions which are consistent. The evidence suggests that functional gains experienced by stroke patients are primarily attributable to spontaneous recovery. Eighty percent of spontaneous recovery occurs within six months after the onset of stroke. Age does not appear to be an important factor in improvement although older patients tend to have more severe strokes. Socioeconomic status and family involvement correlate positively with improvement. Rehabilitation has a negligible effect on the functional progress of most stoke patients. However, rehabilitation may result in increased independence in the performance of activities of daily living for patients who have intermediate levels of functional ability. This gain in independence may have critical importance for the amount of nursing care required by these patients.

Activities of Daily Living↗