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Biomedical subjects

K Landau

Publications and source records attributed to K Landau.

51 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Evaluation of visual field defects, motility disorders and diplopia within the scope of accident insurance law].

Visual Field: The determination of the level of compensation for loss of integrity is based on the Goldmann Perimetry. In case of concentric loss of the visual field the SUVA Tables 1989 are used. Hemi- and Quadrantanopsias are still evaluated according to the Rintelen Tables from 1954. No guidelines are available for the evaluation of central and paracentral skotomas. It is uncertain if automatic perimetry can be used routinely in the future for the evaluation of visual function. Motility Disorders and Diplopia: The evaluation of functional loss caused by diplopia is very difficult. Therefore a big variation of 5-30% has been determined. It is up to the specialist to evaluate the extent of the damage. In this study we looked for a correlation between the objective findings and the subjective complaints. Such a correlation could not be found so that an arbitrary classification depending on the extent of the diplopia must be recommended. This would create an analogy to the evaluation of the loss of visual acuity and visual field where no freedom is left to the judgement of the physician. Some reflections are given on the sense and benefit of the unique Swiss law concerning compensation for loss of integrity.

Diplopia↗
PubMed1993

Ocular fundus in neurofibromatosis type 2.

Several ocular findings have been associated with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF 2) since the identification of this disease as a distinct clinical entity. Juvenile cataracts were reported first, followed by combined pigment epithelial and retinal hamartomas. In a recent report, epiretinal membranes were described in seven of nine patients. Moreover, an association between NF 2 and optic disc gliomas has been suggested based on earlier published reports. Six patients with a confirmed diagnosis of NF 2 were examined. Four patients (six of 12 eyes) had epiretinal membranes and one had an optic disc glioma. In addition, one case of an optic disc glioma in a patient with NF 2 was tracked. It is concluded that epiretinal membranes are frequent in NF 2, and that optic disc glioma is a rare but specific sign of NF 2. Patients at risk for development of this disease should undergo careful examination of the ocular fundus.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Anomalous kinetic visual fields found in family members of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.

Three visual manifestations of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (TS), a neuropsychiatric disorder, have been previously reported. In this paper we report anomalies in the measured kinetic paracentral visual field of TS patients and their family members. We found that 96% of TS patients exhibited paracentral kinetic visual field defects (nasal and temporal steps, enlargement, "ringing," and/or baring of the blind spot). Ninety-three percent of fathers of TS children and, surprisingly, about 80% of mothers exhibit these characteristic visual field anomalies. Sample data and examples of family studies are reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Classification of municipal occupations.

Eighty-eight job titles were analyzed with the "ergonomic job analysis procedure" [Arbeitswissenschaftliche Erhebungsverfahren zur Tätigkeits-analyse abbreviated (AET) in German]. The objective was to classify the wide range of municipal jobs into homogeneous groups according to job demand and to provide better possibilities to study the relationships between work and health among the aging municipal working population. Altogether 216 items were classified. First, a hierarchical cluster analysis was made, and a dendrogram of the analyzed job titles was drawn. Second, a profile analysis was done in which the single items were grouped into 39 sum items, and a graphic profile was drawn. Finally, the stress factors were listed and drawn in ranking order. The cluster analysis formed 13 groups. Groups exposed to the highest stress factor level were kitchen supervisors, dentists, and physicians. More than 10 stress factors (greater than 50% of the maximum) were found in nursing, administration, installation, transport, and technical supervision.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Magnetic resonance imaging of the human lateral geniculate body.

We used magnetic resonance imaging to map the human lateral geniculate body. The optimal imaging plane was determined by obtaining axial and coronal scans in two normal brains obtained at autopsy. The brain specimens were then sectioned and individual slices were compared with matching magnetic resonance images. After the lateral geniculate body was identified using this correlative anatomic approach, the nucleus was imaged in four normal subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Aneurysm mimicking intracranial growth of optic nerve sheath meningioma.

A patient with a 30-year history of blindness in the right eye developed progressive temporal visual loss in the left eye. Examination showed right optic atrophy with optociliary shunts and left band atrophy. These clinical findings suggested that the visual deficit was caused by a right optic nerve sheath meningioma that had grown intracranially to involve the chiasm. Magnetic resonance imaging and surgical exploration revealed a perioptic meningioma extending from the orbit through the optic canal and over the tuberculum sellae. The tumor did not impinge on the optic chiasm or the left optic nerve. The chiasm was compressed by a thrombosed giant right internal carotid artery aneurysm.

Blindness↗
PubMed1987

Musculoskeletal load of municipal employees aged 44 to 58 years in different occupational groups.

This study is part of a comprehensive multidisciplinary project aimed at determining criteria for retirement ages in municipal occupations in Finland. Musculoskeletal load at work was studied in eight different occupational groups to see what differences between occupational groups exist. A job analysis of the work of 116 subjects was made with the ergonomic job description analysis method (AET). The work of 116 men and women, mean age 52 years, was studied in the work place. The study revealed three levels of overall musculoskeletal load. The groups with high musculoskeletal load worked in installation, auxiliary, home care and transport groups, with an assessed load of on average about one third of the maximal on the AET scale. Both quantitative and qualitative loading problems were concentrated in these groups. In contrast, teaching and administration groups had low musculoskeletal load averaging about 10% of the maximal. The nursing and office groups were between these two levels with a load of approximately 20% of the maximal. However, with the same overall quantity, the quality of the musculoskeletal load varied. In the transport group, monotonous static work with both arms (about 60% of workshift) and legs (30%) was most common, while the musculoskeletal load of the auxiliary and home care groups consisted of heavy dynamic muscular work with arms (60% of workshift) and legs (70%). On the other hand, the administration group alone had a static load of the arms (about 15% of workshift) and legs (2%) and also a low dynamic load with arms (0%) and legs (33%), which could have hypokinetic effects. In conclusion, there are significant differences between the profile groups in both the quantitative and qualitative load of the musculoskeletal system. The differences are even more pronounced when aging employees are studied. These facts support different retirement ages for the profile groups, at least when the musculoskeletal system is concerned.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1987

Municipal employees' cardiovascular diseases and occupational stress factors in Finland.

The occupational stress factors related to specific cardiovascular diseases were studied by a questionnaire mailed to 6213 municipal employees aged 45 to 58 years, (response rate 85%) and by a specific job analysis of certain municipal occupations. The highest prevalences of self-reported chronic hypertension were found among male transport workers (19%), technical supervisors (19%) and auxiliary workers (15%), as well as among female domestic helpers (18%) and auxiliary workers (18%). Among men the prevalence of coronary heart disease varied from 9% for dump workers to 0% for dentists (mean 5%) and among women from 4% for kitchen supervisors to 0% for physicians (mean 3%). In the work profile groups with the highest rates of reported, specific cardiovascular diseases, the stress factors of women's work (domestic help and auxiliary work) were high energy demands, heavy dynamic and static work with high application of strength, poor postures, and uncomfortable climatic conditions. These stress factors were also typical among men doing auxiliary work. Other common stress factors among men included sensory-motor work done alone in static, monotonous sitting postures, exposured to vibration, drafts, and continuous alertness of the senses (transport work) and to processing and organization of information together with time pressure linked to decision-making and the need for accurate sensory perception (technical supervision work).

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Discovering a dys-covering lid.

A patient with a large pituitary adenoma presenting with signs of primary aberrant regeneration of the left oculomotor nerve is reported. The proposed pathophysiological mechanisms involved in this syndrome are discussed and the known lesions causing it are listed. The various presentations of a pituitary adenoma, common and less common, are reviewed. Although neuroimaging is readily available, predicting the site of the lesion based on a meticulous clinical examination remains a challenge for ophthalmologists.

Adenoma↗