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Biomedical subjects

K L Miller

Publications and source records attributed to K L Miller.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Lowe oculocerebrorenal syndrome in a female with a balanced X;20 translocation: mapping of the X chromosome breakpoint.

A Hispanic girl with Lowe oculocerebrorenal syndrome (OCRL), an X-linked recessive condition characterized by cataracts, glaucoma, mental retardation, and proteinuria, is reported. A balanced X;20 chromosomal translocation with the X chromosome breakpoint at q26.1 was found with high-resolution trypsin-Giemsa banding. Somatic cell hybridization was used to separate the X chromosome derivative and the chromosome 20 derivative in order to position, with respect to the translocation breakpoint, several DNA loci that are linked to the Lowe syndrome locus (Xq24-q26). DXS10 and DXS53 were found to be distal to the breakpoint, whereas DXS37 and DXS42 were located proximal to it. These studies suggest that the OCRL locus lies in the region between these probes. The translocation chromosome originated from an unaffected male without a visible translocation, indicating that the most likely cause of OCRL in this patient is the de novo translocation that disrupted the OCRL locus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Effectiveness of skin absorption of tincture of I in blocking radioiodine from the human thyroid gland.

Topical application of tincture of iodine (I) was found to be effective in blocking the thyroid uptake of orally administered 131I in humans. Abdominal skin application of tincture of I resulted in an approximately 82% reduction in the uptake of 131I by the thyroid gland. The effectiveness varied among individuals and may have depended on the quantity applied and on the application site. In each study group, elevated levels of serum I were observed.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1989

Nurse executive leadership: a corporate perspective.

It is a new age of understanding for nursing leaders. New corporate leadership positioning and power allow nurses the opportunity to evaluate leading abilities and to develop innovative leadership models. A corporate perspective sheds new light on old and difficult leadership problems. New sources of information are useful to all nursing leaders as they guide professional nurses, students, physicians, administrative colleagues, and others involved in health care delivery.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1989

Tumor necrosis factor alpha and the anemia associated with murine malaria.

The anemia associated with malaria is complex, and multiple factors contribute to its severity. An increased destruction and a decreased production of erythrocytes are involved; however, the mechanisms responsible remain unclear. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), released by macrophages in response to infection, is thought to play a role through its ability to inhibit erythropoiesis. In these studies we have examined erythropoiesis in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei and in mice infused with recombinant TNF-alpha via implanted osmotic pumps. In both groups of mice there was (i) a reduction of pluripotent stem cells in the bone marrow and a concomitant increase in the spleen, (ii) a reduction of erythroid progenitor cells, and (iii) a reduced incorporation of 59Fe into erythrocytes. When P. berghei-infected mice were given antiserum against recombinant murine TNF, erythropoiesis was partially restored. There was a significant increase in bone marrow stem cells, erythroid progenitor cells, and 59Fe incorporation into erythrocytes in P. berghei-infected mice that had been treated with anti-TNF. How TNF may act, directly or indirectly, to inhibit erythropoiesis is not yet clear. These results demonstrate that TNF mediates, in part, the anemia associated with malaria.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Reactivity of VP4-specific monoclonal antibodies to a serotype 4 porcine rotavirus with distinct serotypes of human (symptomatic and asymptomatic) and animal rotaviruses.

Thirteen hybridomas secreting VP4-specific monoclonal antibodies against the Gottfried strain of porcine rotavirus (serotype 4) were produced and characterized. Nine of the hybridomas secreted neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (N-MAbs) against Gottfried rotavirus. These N-MAbs were divided into five distinct groups (groups I to V) according to their patterns of reactivity with different serotypes of human and animal rotaviruses. Group I N-MAbs (n = 3) were cross-reactive with five different serotypes of human rotavirus examined by a plaque reduction virus neutralization test. Group II N-MAbs (n = 3) neutralized all symptomatic human rotavirus serotypes tested and asymptomatic human rotavirus serotype 4 to a low titer. The single group III N-MAb neutralized mainly symptomatic human rotavirus serotypes 2 and 9 and none of the asymptomatic human rotavirus serotypes. The one N-MAb in group IV reacted at low titers with only asymptomatic human rotavirus serotypes 1 through 4. A group V N-MAb recognized serotype 4 porcine rotaviruses (Gottfried and SB-2) but no other human or animal rotaviruses examined. None of the N-MAbs recognized any animal rotaviruses tested (SA-11, RRV, OSU, NCDV, and B223), except for the Gottfried and SB-2 rotaviruses. The failure of N-MAbs (groups I to IV) to react with any animal rotaviruses tested but their ability to react variably with all human rotaviruses tested suggest that neutralizing epitopes on the VP4 protein are highly conserved between the Gottfried porcine and human rotaviruses. The Gottfried rotavirus may possibly represent a naturally occurring reassortant between pig and human rotaviruses or a rotavirus which is human in origin but pathogenic for swine.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Assessment of adolescents' learned helplessness in achievement situations.

Three studies are reported that describe the development, reliability, and initial validation of the Mastery Orientation Inventory (MOI; Reynolds & Miller, in press) as a measure of generalized learned helplessness in adolescents. In Study 1, an initial version of 50 items was administered to a sample of 112 adolescents. A revised 40-item scale with an internal consistency reliability of .94 was then constructed, which correlated significantly with measures of locus of control and depression. Study 2 involved the administration of the 40-item MOI to 645 adolescents. In this study, the reliability of the MOI was .92, and MOI scores were significantly correlated with subjects' depression scores and with self-reported grade point average. Factor analysis of the MOI items produced a strong first factor with high loadings for every item. In Study 3, the 112 subjects who participated in Study 1 were, 3 months later, readministered the MOI, locus of control, and depression measures. As an external criterion variable, 13 teachers provided global ratings of learned helpless/mastery-oriented behaviors for 99 of these subjects. The MOI demonstrated high internal consistency (r alpha = .95) and adequate test-retest (rtt = .77) reliability. Validity was supported by significant correlations between the MOI and the three criterion variables (/rs/ = .49-.58). The results of these investigations provide initial support for the reliability and validity of the MOI as a measure of learned helplessness.

Achievement↗
PubMed1989

Inhibition of erythropoiesis by a soluble factor in murine malaria.

To study the cellular mechanisms involved in the ineffective erythropoiesis associated with malaria, an in vitro proliferative assay was used to measure the response to erythropoietin (Epo) of erythroid progenitor cells from malaria-infected mice. In this assay, spleen (SP) cells from phenylhydrazine (PHZ)-treated mice (PHZ-SP), enriched for erythroid progenitor cells, respond to Epo in a dose-dependent manner. Despite a similar degree of anemia, SP and bone marrow (BM) cells from Plasmodium berghei- or P. vinckei-infected mice did not show a significant response to Epo in this assay. When SP or BM cells from malaria-infected mice were added to cultures of SP or BM cells from PHZ-treated mice the response to Epo of these cells was significantly inhibited. Removal of parasitized red blood cells (pRBC) from SP cells of P. berghei-infected mice had no effect on the ability of the cells to inhibit the response to Epo. Adherent SP cells and SP cells positive for the Mac-1 antigen, from malaria-infected mice, were shown to be enriched for cells that could inhibit the response to Epo. Cell-free conditioned media (CM) prepared from SP cells of P. berghei- or P. vinckei-infected mice or from normal SP cells incubated with pRBC were also able to inhibit the response to Epo of SP cells from PHZ-treated mice. These investigations have shown that during the course of malaria infection, cells appear in the SP and BM capable of inhibiting, via soluble mediators, the response to Epo of erythroid progenitor cells. The cells responsible are probably macrophages. The nature of the factor(s) and its mechanism of action are not known. Through the ability to inhibit erythropoiesis, soluble factors may, in part, mediate the anemia associated with malaria.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Serial propagation of porcine group C rotavirus (pararotavirus) in a continuous cell line and characterization of the passaged virus.

The Cowden strain of porcine group C rotavirus (pararotavirus) was adapted to serial passage in a continuous monkey kidney cell line (MA104). Key factors in its successful adaptation included use of virus passaged in primary porcine kidney cells as the initial inoculum, use of roller tubes, and addition of pancreatin to the maintenance medium. A cell culture immunofluorescence test was used to quantitate the virus at each passage level, since a possible cytopathic effect was obscured by the effects of pancreatin. The virus titers dropped after initial passage into MA104 cells but increased thereafter, with peak titers evident after 16 passages (10(7) immunofluorescence U/ml). Immune electron microscopy and genome electropherotyping were used to identify group C rotavirus particles and confirm group C rotavirus double-stranded RNA gel migration patterns, respectively, from infected cell culture supernatants. The electropherotype of the cell culture-propagated group C rotavirus was identical to that of the gut virulent virus from which it was derived. The cell culture-passaged group C rotavirus also retained its infectivity for gnotobiotic pigs. No group A rotavirus was detected in the intestinal contents of the pigs or in cell culture fluids from group C rotavirus-inoculated monolayers with the two former techniques or the cell culture immunofluorescence test. This is the first verified report of serial propagation of a non-group A rotavirus in a continuous cell line.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

The human care perspective in nursing administration.

Current environmental and economic forces in health care delivery systems have dramatically influenced the practice of nursing administration. The concept of human care is presented as a basis for nursing leadership and management. Philosophical trends that impact the role of the nurse administrator are explored, with specific reference to the evolution of the concept of care as a central domain in nursing practice. Nursing administrators are urged to maintain and enhance the human caring values inherent in professional nursing practice.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1985

Depression and learned helplessness in mentally retarded and nonmentally retarded adolescents: an initial investigation.

Depression and learned helplessness were examined in a sample of 26 educably mentally retarded (EMR) adolescents and a matched (on age, sex, and race) group of 26 nonmentally retarded adolescents. Depression and learned helplessness were assessed using the Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale (RADS) and Mastery Orientation Inventory (MOI), respectively. Results indicated that EMR adolescents manifested significantly (p less than .001) greater depressive symptomatology than their nonmentally retarded peers. Sex differences were also found, with females demonstrating greater depression scores in both groups. Analysis of severity of symptom endorsement showed significant group differences on items reflecting somatic, self-evaluative, and behavioral components of depression, with mentally retarded subjects demonstrating higher scores. Mentally retarded adolescents were found to score higher (p less than .001) on the learned helplessness measure than nonmentally retarded adolescents. Given the problematic nature of depression noted in large sample epidemiological studies of nonmentally retarded adolescents, the results of this investigation indicate that depression in EMR adolescents is an affective characteristic in need of further study.

Adolescent↗