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Biomedical subjects

K L Hung

Publications and source records attributed to K L Hung.

45 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Brachial plexus neuropathy secondary to septic arthritis and osteomyelitis: report of two cases.

Two infants, delivered uneventfully, later developed right brachial plexus palsy secondary to pyogenic osteomyelitis and arthritis of the right shoulder joint. Weakness of right arms occurred at the sixth and tenth days of age respectively. Both had right arm tenderness on palpation and passive movement. Roentgenograms of their right shoulder joints showed irregular radiolucency of the proximal margin of right humerus head. In both cases, electromyography revealed various degrees of significant denervation pattern for the C5-C7 innervated muscles. Pus culture from right shoulder joints grew Streptococcus viridans and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. After antibiotic therapy and arthrotomy with drainage, weakness improved gradually following continuous rehabilitation. Follow-up at six months of age showed almost complete recovery of right upper extremity function in one patient, but mild residual weakness in the other. Follow-up electromyography studies showed continued improvement. The possible mechanism of this rare occurrence is discussed.

Arthritis, Infectious↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Benign seizures associated with mild diarrhea: clinical analysis of 20 cases.

Even without electrolyte imbalance, dehydration and fever, seizures are found occasionally in the cases of mild diarrhea. Such patients have shown favorable outcome during long-term follow-up. Twenty cases (10 boys and 10 girls) of benign seizure with mild diarrhea have been diagnosed at the Pediatric Department of Cathay General Hospital from January 1987 to March 1991. Ages-of-onset ranged from 3 months to 43 months (mean 19 months). Most cases were found between December and March (16 cases, 80%). Most seizure episodes were from 2 to 5 times (10 cases, 50%); the durations of seizures were mostly within a 5-minute period (16 cases, 80%). All seizures were generalized and symmetric, including tonic-clonic (13 cases, 65%), tonic (5 cases, 25%), and clonic (2 cases, 10%). Six out of 11 cases (54.5%) showed Rotazyme (Latex agglutination) positive. After six month to four year follow up, no patient had suffered any type of epilepsy, and psychomotor development was normal in all. Further discussion of clinical features is provided.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cerebrospinal fluid interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in children with central nervous system infections.

Concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in cerebrospinal (CSF) samples were determined from 11 control and 42 children with central nervous system infections including 11 patients with bacterial meningitis, 20 patients with aseptic meningitis, 11 patients with encephalitis. The CSF IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha concentrations in patients with bacterial meningitis were significantly higher than those with aseptic meningitis, encephalitis and the control groups. CSF IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha levels in patients with aseptic meningitis were also significantly higher than those in the control group. There was no significant increase of CSF IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha concentrations in patients with encephalitis compared to the control group. CSF IL-6 and TNF-alpha concentrations were decreased in patients with bacterial meningitis after treatment. CSF IL-8 levels were significantly decreased in both bacterial and aseptic meningitis groups at recovery period. There were no correlation between CSF IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha levels and other parameters including CSF leukocytes, protein, sugar, IgG levels and IgG indexes in patients with bacterial meningitis. These results suggest that IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha are important mediators in the meningeal inflammatory process in patients with meningitis. The levels of these mediators are good indicators for the extent of the meningeal inflammation.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The association of periventricular echodensity with cerebral palsy in preterm infants.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors of development of cerebral palsy (CP) in preterm infants who had periventricular echogenic abnormalities with or without cyst formation. During a period of 66 months, 332 newborns of 34 weeks gestation or less born at our hospital received serial brain ultrasound scans. Sixty-six of the 332 infants, 36 males and 30 females, were detected increased periventricular echodensity (PVE) during admission period. Subsequently, serial brain ultrasound scans were done for the 66 preterm infants at our follow-up clinic. Their neurodevelopment outcomes were then followed up for 10-48 months. The degree of periventricular echodensity (PVE) was graded as mild; or moderate to severe, according to the extent of the echodensity. Periventricular echodensity with cyst formation was classified by the size of the cyst at its widest diameter as either large (3 mm or multiple) or small (< 3 mm) in the parasagittal image. Eighteen of 66 (27.3%) infants developed cerebral palsy (CP). Infants with PVE with large cystic formation were at significantly higher risk for development of cerebral palsy (P < 0.005). Nine of 16 (56.3%) patients in the CP group had a longer duration of PVE than the non-CP group (8 of 46 patients: 17.4%) (p < 0.005). It is concluded that large cystic periventricular echodensity and long duration of PVE are associated with later development of cerebral palsy.

Cerebral Palsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anterior cerebral artery Doppler ultrasonography for prediction of outcome after perinatal asphyxia.

During a five-year period, 47 term neonates with a history of asphyxia were investigated on the first day of life using intracranial Doppler ultrasonography to measure the Pourcelot resistance index (RI) of anterior cerebral artery. Another 30 healthy term neonates were also studied as controls. The results showed no significant differences in the gestational age and birth body weight between these two groups. However, the RI value of the Asphyxiated Group was significantly lower than that of the Control Group (mean +/- SD: 0.61 +/- 0.09 vs 0.71 +/- 0.03, respectively). End diastolic flow velocity (mean +/- SD: 10.8 +/- 3.1 vs 8.8 +/- 1.4 cm/sec) and mean flow velocity (mean +/- SD: 18.0 +/- 4.2 vs 15.6 +/- 2.1 cm/sec) of the Asphyxiated Group were significantly higher than those of the Control Group. The asphyxiated patients were divided into three groups according to RI values. There were significant differences among Group A (RI < 0.55). Group B (0.55 < or = RI < 0.6) and Group C (RI > or = 0.6). These patients were followed up clinically for 15 to 65 months (mean: 39 months). Twenty patients in the Asphyxiated Group had neurodevelopmental delay with mild to moderate handicaps, whereas none in the Control Group had neurological sequelae in the follow-up period. This study demonstrates that, on the first day of life, a low RI value for asphyxiated neonates is associated with an adverse prognosis and may be considered as one of the earliest indicators for poor neurodevelopmental outcome.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Patch testing in the detection of cutaneous reactions caused by carbamazepine.

Carbamazepine is a widely used antiepileptic drug associated with various side effects including skin eruptions. Peroral provocation test with any suspected drug is a reliable method of investigating the etiology: however, it is both laborious and potentially dangerous to the patient. Patch testing has been reported with variable success in skin drug reactions. Four cases (one male, three females) with epileptic seizures were reviewed; all had received carbamazepine therapy with appropriate dosage, then suffered from various cutaneous reactions including maculopapular exanthema, exfoliative dermatitis, erythema multiforme and Stevens-Johnson syndrome after the initial therapy for two weeks to one month. Skin patch test was done with 1% and 10% carbamazepine in petrolatum applied on the back, then read at 48 and 72 hours. All four patients had positive allergic patch test reactions to carbamazepine. One patient had extreme (+3), one had strong (+2) and another two had weak (+) reactions. There were no any skin reaction to vehicle and control cases. This limited study demonstrates that patch testing may be useful in the detection or confirmation of any type of exanthematous eruption caused by carbamazepine.

Adolescent↗