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Biomedical subjects

K Kusuhara

Publications and source records attributed to K Kusuhara.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Breast milk is not a significant source for early Epstein-Barr virus or human herpesvirus 6 infection in infants: a seroepidemiologic study in 2 endemic areas of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I in Japan.

In order to evaluate the possibility of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) transmission via breast milk, a total of 331 serum specimens collected from bottle-fed and breast-fed children and their mothers, in 2 endemic areas of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) in Japan, were assayed for antibodies to EBV and HHV-6. The seroprevalences of EBV and HHV-6 were over 95% both in the mothers of bottle-fed children and in those of breast-fed children. The seroprevalence of EBV at 12-23 months of age was 54.5% (36/66) and 55.8% (24/43) in breast-fed children and bottle-fed children, respectively. The seroprevalence of HHV-6 at 12-23 months of age was 90.9% (60/66) and 93.0% (40/43) in breast-fed children and bottle-fed children, respectively. No difference was observed between the seroprevalences of EBV and HHV-6 in breast-fed and bottle-fed children at 12-23 months of age. Our seroepidemiologic data indicate that breast milk is not a significant source of early EBV or HHV-6 infection in infancy.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1996

Effect of estriol on bone loss in postmenopausal Japanese women: a multicenter prospective open study.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of oral estriol on the bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism in postmenopausal women. METHODS: Seventy-five natural postmenopausal women with a BMD of more than 10% below the peak bone density were treated for 50 weeks with 2 mg/day estriol (E3) cyclically and 0.8 g/day of calcium lactate continuously. BMDs at L2-L4 were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). RESULTS: The BMD increased 1.79% (p < 0.01 vs. pretreatment) after 50 weeks, accompanied with decrease of biochemical markers of bone turnover. With regard to climacteric symptoms, Kupperman's menopausal index improved (p < 0.01 vs. pretreatment) after 5 weeks of treatment. As to the incidence of adverse events genital bleeding was observed in only 8.0% of the subjects. Endometrial histology and cytology showed neither abnormalities nor hyperplasia during and after the treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Estriol prevented postmenopausal bone loss and improved climacteric symptoms effectively with low incidence of genital bleeding.

Bone Density↗
PubMed1996

[An aged case of successful repair for the ruptured distal aortic arch aneurysm associated with aortic regurgitation: a case report].

Ruptured thoracic aortic aneurysm had severely high mortality. A 83-year-old female, who had suddenly complained back pain and been diagnosed as the ruptured distal aortic arch aneurysm with aortic regurgitation by computer tomography and echo cardiogram, was admitted for an emergent surgery. Aortic arch replacement and aortic valve replacement were performed through median sternotomy under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest with the retrograde cerebral perfusion. She was complicated with respiratory ventilation failure due to the massive mediastinal hematoma and her chest was kept open postoperatively. Her chest was closed two days after the first operation and she recovered uneventfully.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Water and electrolyte balance after ileal J pouch-anal anastomosis in ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis.

The water and electrolyte balance was studied in 31 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 22 with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) who underwent staged surgery involving colectomy and ileal J pouch-anal anastomosis (IAA), preoperatively, after terminal ileostomy, after high ileostomy, and after ileostomy closure. Serum electrolytes did not differ between each surgical stage. After terminal or high ileostomy, daily urine volume and urinary sodium loss was significantly lower, and daily fecal weight and fecal sodium loss was significantly higher than preoperatively. After ileostomy closure, urinary and fecal sodium loss became closer to preoperative value. Daily urinary potassium loss was significantly higher and fecal loss was lower after terminal and high ileostomy than preoperatively and did not show a significant change after ileostomy closure. The urinary sodium to potassium ratio after ileostomy closure was lower than preoperatively, but was higher than that after terminal and high ileostomy. Plasma aldosterone and renin levels were only significantly increased after high ileostomy. These findings indicate that high or terminal ileostomy caused chronic dehydration, which was compensated for by activation of the renin-aldosterone axis, while the water and electrolyte balance became closer to normal after ileostomy closure following ileoanal anastomosis.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed1995

Echovirus type 9 epidemic in Kagoshima, southern Japan: seroepidemiology and clinical observation of aseptic meningitis.

An outbreak of aseptic meningitis caused by echovirus type 9 occurred between March and October, 1990, in Kagoshima, Southern Japan. Clinical manifestations and laboratory data of 259 children with aseptic meningitis who were admitted to the outpatient clinic of pediatrics in the Kagoshima City Hospital were analyzed (other diseases caused by echovirus type 9 were not investigated). The patients' age ranged from 1 month to 15 years and the highest incidence was in 4-year-old children. The male:female ratio was 1.3:1. Frequencies of headache (69%), vomiting (64%), neck stiffness (36%) and rash (195%) were lower than those in the previous reports in the United States or in the Europe. Pleocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid increased with increasing age in the younger children. A predominance of neutrophils in cerebrospinal fluid lasted for 3 days or more after onset in 16% of the patients. Seroepidemiologic study suggested that the accumulation of susceptible children < 5 years of age had predisposed to the epidemic.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Long-term sequential changes of antibody to p40tax in HTLV-I carrier mothers and children.

Antibody to p40tax (anti-p40tax) in serum specimens obtained sequentially from a human T cell lymphotropic virus type I carrier population of mothers and children were assayed. The prevalences of anti-p40tax at the initial sampling were 88% (7/8) in children and 55% (16/29) in mothers. Two of the seven positive children lost their anti-p40tax during the investigation period, resulting in a final prevalence of 63% (5/8) in children. However, anti-p40tax status was constant in all the 22 mothers with multiple serum samples (15 remained positive and seven remained negative). A decline in the absorbance value of EIA for anti-p40tax was observed in seven of the 15 anti-p40tax positive mothers. This decline may result in the disappearance of anti-p40tax in some of them.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Zona manipulation in an assisted reproductive technologies (ART) programme.

We investigated whether the aged oocytes maintain the ability to fuse with spermatozoa when the oocyte investment is removed. In the first study, 87 two-days-old oocytes provided from IVF-ET programme were treated with pronase to dissolve the zona pellucida. The oocytes were then inseminated with 100, 10 or 1 per microliters sperm and the incidence of monospermic and polyspermic fertilization was determined. In the second study 100 one-day-old unfertilized oocytes obtained from 18 IVF patients with "zero fertilization" at initial insemination were treated in the same way to either remove or thinning of the zona pelucida. They were then re-inseminated with 10 motile sperm per microliter of the husband. The incidence of monospermic and polyspermic fertilization were 0.0% (0/13) and 61.6% (8/14), respectively, with a sperm count of 100/microliters, 7.3% (3/41) and 31.6% (13/41) with 10/microliters, and 14.2% and 11.9% (5/33) with 1/microliter. The incidence of monospermic and polyspermic fertilization with reinsemination of one day old oocytes were 12.5% (3/24) and 25.0% (6/24) after zona removal and were 18.3% (9/49) and 10.2% (5/49) after zona thinning. The incidence of fertilization by zona removal was significantly higher than the results of conventional reinsemination (p < 0.001). It appeared that human aged oocytes maintain the ability to fuse spermatozoa after even two days. A higher rate of monospermic fertilization was obtained by carefully controlling the number of spermatozoa for insemination. We concluded that zona manipulation might improve fertilization in vitro in case of severe male factor infertility.

Female↗
PubMed1995

[The prevalence of atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic arch].

In relation to the aortic arch operation, atherosclerotic lesions in this area was investigated in autopsy specimen. Fifty specimens of the aorta with severe atherosclerotic lesions were chosen from 182 autopsies of patients older than 70 years at Tenri Hospital. The aortic arch and the adjacent aorta were divided into 9 segments (three portions around orifices of the arch tributaries [1-3], the ascending aorta proximal to the branchiocephalic artery [4], the descending aorta distal to the left subclavian artery [5], and 4 portions of the aortic arch which consisted with proximal anterior [6], distal anterior [7], proximal posterior [8], and distal posterior wall [9]) as shown in the figure. The degree of atherosclerosis was scored by Gore-Tejada atherosclerosis index (ASCI). The ASCI of the arch (12.7) was significantly higher than the ascending aorta (5.3). (p > 0.05). Among 9 segments of the aortic arch, the ASCIs of the anterior wall of the distal arch (25.1), the aorta distal to the left subclavian artery (17.3), the arch around the orifice of the brachiocephalic artery (17.1) were significantly higher. The ulcerative plaques were predominantly found at the anterior wall of the distal arch (36%). On the other hand, the calcified plaques were predominantly found around the orifice of the brachiocephalic artery (26%). Ten specimens demonstrated significant stenosis at the orifice of the left subclavian artery. From this autopsy study, the degree of atherosclerotic lesion was predominant at the anterior wall of the distal aortic arch and at around the orifice of the brachiocephalic artery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Expedient technique of aortic annular enlargement in aortic valve replacement].

The extended aortoplasty through the aortic annulus at the posterolateral part, Nicks and co-workers have reported, is applied in case of aortic valve replacement for the narrow aortic annulus, while we have often encountered some problems of bleeding from suture lines of aortoplasty or a left atrial wall defect of the atrial attachment at the aortic root. We report an idea for resolving these problems by means of using a patch for the aortoplasty lined with an equine pericardium on the inner side which has an excess part inferiorly folded up to the outer side. This technique may be effective for hemostasis of suture lines and easier to close the defect of the left atrium with the pericardial excess part.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Marriage patterns among HTLV-I seropositive women in Japan.

A significantly higher percentage of asymptomatic HTLV-I seropositive pregnant women in the Kagoshima prefecture were married to men who were also born in that prefecture compared with seronegative women [138/166(83.1%), 221/306 (72.2%); P < 0.01]. A significantly higher percentage of the fathers of the seropositive women were born in the Kagoshima prefecture compared with the fathers of the seronegative women [152/166 (91.6%), 235/306 (76.8%); P < 0.01]. Additionally, a significantly higher seropositivity was found among pregnant women born in the Kagoshima prefecture who were married to men born in that prefecture compared with men born in other prefectures [5.8% (138/2374), 3.4% (28/819); P < 0.01]. Women born in other prefectures had a significantly lower seropositivity irrespective of the birthplace of their spouse [2.9% (12/418); P < 0.05, 3.0% (7/234)]. These findings indicate that HTLV-I seropositive women and their mothers chose their husbands from a smaller geographic region than seronegative women. This marriage pattern within an HTLV-I seropositive group may be one of the factors sustaining the present seroprevalence of HTLV-I.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Risk of HTLV-I infection in Japanese women who are last in birth order.

The percentage of last-born women among pregnant women who were seropositive for human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) significantly exceeded that among HTLV-I seronegative women (119/258 (46.1%): 89/251 (35.4%); P < 0.05). The findings suggest that last-born women are susceptible to HTLV-I infection. At least two possible interpretations of this birth-order effect are: (i) these last-born women were born to mothers who, on the average, were older than those of early-born women and, as a consequence, were more likely to have been seropositive and to have passed on HTLV-I to their daughters; (ii) husband-to-wife transmission of HTLV-I requires time to occur, so last-born women are more likely than early-born women to become infected.

Adolescent↗