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Biomedical subjects

K Kushida

Publications and source records attributed to K Kushida.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Alterations of gammacarboxyglutamic acid in formic acid and guanidine extracts in phosphate-deficient rat bone.

We developed rickets and osteomalacia in rats by means of a low phosphorus, normal calcium and normal vitamin D diet, causing severely inhibited mineralization. The concentrations of gammacarboxyglutamic acid (Gla) in 10% formic acid and 5M guanidine extracts were studied in normal and phosphate-deficient rat bone. Although the Gla concentration in the formic acid extract was constant for both groups, it decreased in the guanidine extract of the phosphate-deficient group. The Gla content of the guanidine extract reflected a lower concentration of Gla-containing proteins, one of which, matrix Gla protein (MGP), acts as a mineral deposition inhibitor. Thus, the production of MGP decreased in the impaired mineralization of bone. The quantification of Gla in formic acid and guanidine extract is useful in studying the Gla-containing proteins, osteocalcin and MGP.

1-Carboxyglutamic Acid↗
PubMed1993

[Osteolytic and osteosclerotic lesion of the femur associated with pustulosis palmaris plantaris].

The cases with pustulosis palmaris et plantaris associated with lesions in sterno-cost clavicular region, spine and ilio sacral joint have been in the previous literatures. We encountered four rare cases of this pustulosis in association with femoral lesion. We mainly reported their radiological and pathologic findings. Three cases had lesions in the diaphysis of the femur, while one case had lesion in the lesser trochanter. The average age was 55.5 years (range 53-60) All patients complained of thigh pain. Three cases suffered sterno cost clavicular pain also. Laboratory data showed the elevation of white blood cell number, ESR and tested positive for C-reactive protein. The radiological findings showed osteolytic lesions of the femoral cortex at the onset of the disease, followed by thickening and sclerosis in the cortex. A biopsy was performed in three cases and the pathological results showed no malignancy. The specimens showed only chronic inflammation. Pathological results and radiological abnormalities suggested that femoral lesion of pustulosis palmaris et plantaris originated from the periostenum or the cortex of bone.

Female↗
PubMed1993

Age-related changes of urinary pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline in Japanese subjects.

Urinary pyridinoline (Pyr) and deoxypyridinoline (D-Pyr) are commonly used as bone resorption markers because they are more sensitive to bone resorption than is urinary hydroxyproline. Age-related changes of urinary Pyr and D-Pyr were studied in 337 healthy females, aged 1 to 93 y, and 113 healthy males, aged 3 to 75 y. Levels of urinary Pyr and D-Pyr follow a characteristic pattern as one ages, with very high values during childhood decreasing to low baseline levels in adulthood between 20 and 49 y. Both values in the 0-19 y age group were significantly higher than those in the other age groups for both sexes. These values increased moderately but significantly in females in the 50-59 y age group compared to those in the 40-49 y age group (Pyr: 26.4 +/- 7.6 vs. 19.3 +/- 6.2 nmol/mmol creatinine, p < 0.05; D-Pyr: 7.7 +/- 2.4 vs. 5.6 +/- 2.2 nmol/mmol creatinine, p < 0.05). In contrast, these values stayed at low levels in the 50-59 y age group in males. The values of urinary Pyr and D-Pyr were significantly higher in females than in males in the 50-59 y age group (females vs. males--Pyr: 26.4 +/- 7.6 vs. 17.0 +/- 3.9 nmol/mmol creatinine, p < 0.05; D-Pyr: 7.7 +/- 2.4 vs. 4.7 +/- 1.2 nmol/mmol creatinine, p < 0.05). In our cross-sectional study, the values of urinary Pyr and D-Pyr increased in childhood (0-19 y), and in the early postmenopausal period (50-59 y). These 2 urinary markers reflect the age-related changes of bone resorption.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Quantification of the cross-link pentosidine in serum from normal and uremic subjects.

Pentosidine is a fluorescent cross-link compound that accumulates in human tissues from uremic and diabetic patients. Using SP-Sephadex C-25 pretreatment before reversed-phase HPLC, we developed a method for quantifying pentosidine in the acid hydrolysate of serum. We examined concentrations of pentosidine in serum from 98 patients with end-stage renal disease requiring hemodialysis and from 33 normal control subjects. The mean (+/- SD) concentration of pentosidine was significantly greater in serum from uremic patients than that from control subjects (1267 +/- 695 nmol/L vs 77 +/- 40 nmol/L, P = 0.0001). There was a significant correlation between serum pentosidine concentrations and age in control subjects (r = 0.453, P < 0.01), but not in uremic patients. Serum pentosidine significantly increased with the duration of hemodialysis treatment (r = 0.272, P < 0.05). The greater pentosidine concentrations in uremic patients may be caused by the increased synthesis of pentosidine (perhaps because of the retention of pentosidine precursors), by the retention of pentosidine molecule itself in end-stage renal failure, or both.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[A clinical multivariate study on bone change after parathyroidectomy in patients with renal osteodystrophy].

This study investigated the changes of bone lesions after parathyroidectomy (PTX) in patients with renal osteodystrophy. Fifty-eight patients (mean age 43.7 +/- 8.4 years and mean duration of hemodialysis 120.9 +/- 32.1 months), who were resistant to medical treatments, were studied. Total PTX was followed by massive administration of alfacalcidol on these patients. The clinical symptoms, hematological findings, radiographic findings and second metacarpal bone density during the first 2 years following PTX were studied. After the operation, the clinical symptoms, hematological findings as well as radiographic findings improved in all of the patients and the density of the second metacarpal bone increased in 37 out of 40 patients. From these results we concluded that total PTX followed by massive administration of active vitamin D was effective in improving bone lesions and bone mineral density on patients with renal osteodystrophy.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Novel N-linked oligo-mannose type oligosaccharides containing an alpha-D-galactofuranosyl linkage found in alpha-D-galactosidase from Aspergillus niger.

Structures of oligosaccharides from Aspergillus niger alpha-D-galactosidase [EC 3.2.1.22] were studied. Purified alpha-D-galactosidase was treated with N-glycosidase F, and six kinds of oligosaccharides were isolated by gel chromatography and anion-exchange chromatography. The structures of the oligosaccharides were determined by 1H-NMR and compositional analysis to be Man5GlcNAc2, Man6GlcNAc2, Man9GlcNAc2, GlcMan9GlcNAc2, GalMan4GlcNAc2 and GalMan5GlcNAc2. From mild acid hydrolysis, methylation analysis and ROESY spectral analysis, it was ascertained that the galactosyl residue in two oligosaccharides was in the furanose form and was bound to mannose at the nonreducing end with an alpha 1-2 linkage (GalfMan4GlcNAc2 and GalfMan5GlcNAc2).

Aspergillus niger↗
PubMed1992

Quantitative analyses of urinary pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline excretion in patients with hyperthyroidism.

It is well established that bone turnover increases and bone resorption exceeds bone formation in patients with hyperthyroidism. Recently, urinary pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline have been employed as indicators of bone resorption. In this study, urinary pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline levels in fourteen female patients with untreated hyperthyroidism were measured and compared with levels in 134 healthy females. Values of urinary pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline were significantly higher than in age-matched controls. Moreover, values of serum free triiodothyronine correlated with urinary pyridinoline (r = 0.769, p < 0.01), and urinary deoxypyridinoline (r = 0.799, p < 0.001) in patients with hyperthyroidism.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Amyloidosis associated with rheumatoid arthritis after total joint replacement].

Rheumatoid arthritis patients who had secondary amyloidosis have been studied retrospectively. There were eight patients out of 105 rheumatoid arthritis patients who had total joint replacement surgery from 1979 to 1990 in our institute. The grade of inflammation, renal and hepatic function have been compared with the RA patients without amyloidosis pre- and post- operatively. All of eight patients was female, and their average age at the diagnosis of amyloidosis was 57.8 year-old (range 4-76 year-old). The average preoperative period was 14.4 years (range 4-27 years), and the secondary amyloidosis had been diagnosed at the time of 3.8 years (range 1-9 years) after operation. The major clinical features leading to the diagnosis were gastrointestinal disturbance in six cases and renal dysfunction in two cases. The data of the renal function of amyloidosis patients showed slightly lower than that of the RA patients without amyloidosis, and showed significantly decrease postoperatively. The white blood cell (WBC) count was higher at the time of operation in the amyloidosis patients and showed continuous increase postoperatively. Lansbury index, alpha 2-globulin and WBC count did not improve in the amyloidosis patients during three years after operation. On the contrary, the patients without amyloidosis improved in these clinical data during the same period. Three amyloidosis patients died of renal failure and one died of bronchopneumonia. The average survival period was 1.8 years (range 1-5 years) after diagnosis of amyloidosis, and was 6.3 years (range 2-10 years) after operation in these four patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1991

A 60-kDa phosphorylated protein from fetal human bone.

A phosphorylated protein was isolated and purified from fetal human bone. Fetal and adult human bones were decalcified with EDTA, and the extract from the fetal bone was fractionated using Q-Sepharose anion exchange chromatography. The fraction containing Ser(P) was purified by Sephacryl S-200 molecular sieving and C4 reverse-phase HPLC. The purified protein had a molecular weight of 60000 on SDS-PAGE, where the protein was stained with Rhodamine-B. The amino acid composition of this protein was different from any other reported phosphorylated proteins in human bone. However, this phosphorylated protein was difficult to detect in the adult bone extract on SDS-PAGE.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Bone mineral density of the spine in normal Japanese subjects using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry: effect of obesity and menopausal status.

Bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine was measured to determine normal Japanese values and to examine the effect of obesity and menopausal status on BMD. Normal Japanese subjects (N = 1,296, 1,048 women and 248 men) were examined using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. BMD for men peaked between age 20 and 29. For women, there was abrupt bone loss after age 50. Obese women within the same age bracket had a higher BMD than thin women after age 40-49. We determined that BMD began to decline during the irregular menstruation period before the onset of menopause. We conclude that there is a positive correlation between obesity and BMD, particularly in postmenopausal women. In addition, we found that bone loss related to menopause begins during the irregular menstruation period before menopause.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1991

Fluorophores from aging human articular cartilage.

Human articular cartilages of various ages were digested with collagenase, and the fluorescence of the digests was measured as a function of age. At acidic pH, all collagenase-treated fractions were found to contain two main fluorophores with fluorescence maxima at 395 and 385 nm (excitation at 295 and 335 nm, respectively). Each fluorophore was isolated from the hydrolysate and its structure was deduced from spectral and chemical data. The 395/295 nm fluorophore was identified as pyridinoline, which is one of the non-reducible cross-linkages in collagen. The 385/335 nm fluorophore was identical to pentosidine, which was isolated from human dura mater and characterized by Sell and Monnier in 1989. Our results showed that the amount of pentosidine per collagen in human articular cartilage increases linearly with age (r = 0.929, p less than 0.005), while the amount of pyridinoline per collagen remained constant and was not correlated with age (r = 0.20). On the other hand, the amount of pentosidine per pyridinoline increased exponentially during life (r2 = 0.839, p less than 0.05).

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Effect of water isolation and early finishing on hardness of glass ionomer cements.

Glass ionomer cements have the disadvantage of being vulnerable to moisture. We would like to overcome this problem by clinical procedures. Three glass ionomer cements were tested in vitro with the goal of protecting these materials from moisture during clinical operations. To observe the effectiveness of various surface protective measures, we divided each cement sample into six groups, each of which underwent 24-hour surface treatment. The first group was a control where the cement was covered with a glass slab for 24 hours. The remaining five groups were subjected to no treatment or treatment with varnish, cocoa butter, Teethmate-A, or Ketac-Glaze. Two additional groups were prepared for comparison of early finishing with and without water spray. When the Vickers hardness number (HVN) for each sample was measured at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, and 40 days, it tended to increase after 24 hours, reaching a maximum value at different times with different cements. Analysis of variance revealed that during the first few days the hardness of the control was significantly different from that without treatment or with treatment by varnish or cocoa butter. However, treatment with Teethmate-A or Ketac-Glaze produced results close to those for the control. Significant differences in hardness during the first few days were noted when early finishing was carried out under wet and dry conditions. These findings indicate that a light-cured unfilled resin should be applied to the surface of glass ionomer cement immediately after the initial set to allow complete setting without interference by oral fluids. Also, water spray should be avoided during contouring of the cements if they have not fully hardened.

Glass Ionomer Cements↗
PubMed1990

[A staged restoration system for the uncooperative children utilizing glass ionomer cements].

The purpose of this study was to investigate a treatment system intended to promote improvement in the cooperation of patients. The subjects of the investigation were 45 uncooperative patients who had difficulty in accepting regular dental treatment. This treatment system consists of A) caries inhibition stage by Ag(NH3)2F, B) first temporary restoration stage with low viscosity glass ionomer cement, C) second temporary restoration stage with restorative glass ionomer cement and D) final restoration with regular restorative material. One treatment stage in the system was carried out according to the grade of the cooperation of the patients, then the advanced treatment stage superseded the former when the cooperation was improved. The period of time required for the improvement of cooperation, and the durability of the glass ionomer cements were examined. The following results were obtained. 1. The durability of the low viscosity glass ionomer cement was 11 months for the anterior teeth, and 12 months for the posterior teeth. 2. The durability of the regular glass ionomer cement was revealed to be 18 months for the anterior teeth and 17 months for the posterior teeth. 3. 7 months were required for the improvement in the cooperation of the patients from stage B to stage C and 14 months for improvement from stage C to stage D. 4. Improvement in cooperation appeared in a shorter time when this treatment system is begun to be applied to the patients at lower age. The staged restoration system is an effective method for the behavior management of uncooperative patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Child↗
PubMed1988

Determination of benzoic acid and hippuric acid in human plasma and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography.

For patients with inborn errors of urea synthesis, oral administration of sodium benzoate is the usual treatment to increase the nitrogen excretion. Thus, monitoring hippuric acid and benzoic acid simultaneously in human biological fluids is considered to be clinically important. We developed a simple and accurate high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of hippuric acid and benzoic acid in human plasma and urine. This method requires no extraction step. Aliquots of urine and plasma are added to a solution of internal standard (o-chlorobenzoic acid) in acetonitrile and directly injected onto a reversed-phase column using an acidic (pH 2.7) eluent and ultraviolet detection at 235 nm. The preliminary plasma concentration-time and urinary excretion rate-time profiles of hippuric acid and benzoic acid from a healthy subject receiving small, medium and large doses of sodium benzoate are reported.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Structure of cervinomycin, a novel xantone antibiotic active against anaerobe and mycoplasma.

The structures of cervinomycins A1 (1) and A2 (2), a potent anti-anaerobic and anti-mycoplasmal antibiotic were investigated by means of recent NMR techniques of O-methyl ether (3) and C,O-dimethyl ether (4) obtained by methylation of 2 with CH3I in the presence of Ag2O. The antibiotic 2 posesses a polycyclic structure involving a xanthone skeleton. The structure of 1 was confirmed to be a hydroquinone of 2 from the evidences that oxidation of 1 with Ag2O and acetylation of 1 with (CH3CO)2O in pyridine afforded quantitatively 2 and triacetylcervinomycin A1 (7), respectively.

Anthracyclines↗
PubMed1986

Use of silica gel with aqueous eluent for simultaneous high performance liquid chromatographic assay of disopyramide and mono-N-dealkyldisopyramide.

Disopyramide and its pharmacologically active metabolite, mono-N-dealkyldisopyramide, were determined simultaneously in serum by high performance liquid chromatography using a bare (unbonded) silica gel with aqueous eluents. p-Chlorodisopyramide was used as the internal standard. Separations of all compounds, which contain amine moiety in their chemical structures, were easily accomplished with a good peak symmetry on silica. The method is sufficiently precise, sensitive, and specific. Analytical recoveries of all compounds were greater than 96%; CVs for reproducibility were less than 6.5% for disopyramide and mono-N-dealkyldisopyramide; the lower detection limits of both analytes were 0.05 mg/L. Comparison of the present method with a fluorescence polarization immunoassay for disopyramide gives a good correlation (r = 0.992).

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗