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Biomedical subjects

K Kurihara

Publications and source records attributed to K Kurihara.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Primary malignant lymphoma of the skull presenting as a growing mass in the forehead; a case report].

A rare case of primary malignant lymphoma of the skull was reported. A 74-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital complaining of a growing mass in her forehead where she had had minor trauma one month previously. On admission, neurological findings were normal and an elastic hard tumor (6 x 6 x 2 cm) was found in the right frontal region. Computed tomography (CT) showed a large soft tissue mass in the subcutaneous tissue and a small mass in the ethmoid sinus, with erosion at the inner and outer tables of the frontal bone. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a low intensity area in the bone marrow beneath the tumor. Right carotid angiography showed that the tumor was fed by branches of the ophthalmic artery in the arterial phase and stained in the capillary phase. Partial excision of the tumor was performed, but the affected bone was left because of her advanced age, even though thinning and spicular formation of the frontal bone were observed beneath the tumor in places. Pathological examination showed the tumor to be a malignant lymphoma of non-Hodgkin and diffuse mixed type. Postoperatively, systemic examinations were performed by 99mTechnetium-MDP bone scanning, 67Gallium citrate scanning, bone marrow puncture, and CT scanning, without any evidence of systemic lymphoma. The patient received postoperative chemotherapy with Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin HCl, Vindesine Sulfate, Prednisolone, and complete remission has been achieved for the 8 months since the operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[A case of adrenoleukodystrophy presenting large lesion of the cerebellar white matter and dentate nuclei on brain CT and MRI].

A 17-year-old male was admitted to our hospital complaining of slowly progressive gait disturbance. His initial symptoms were behavioral change and mental deterioration starting at age 16. One year later, unstable gait and speech disturbance appeared. On admission, neurological findings included slight dementia, visual loss, scanning speech, dysdiadochkinesis, pathological reflexes, spastic and ataxic gait. Brain CT scan showed symmetrical low density areas in the dentate nuclei and cerebellar white matter, atrophy of the brain stem and cerebellum, and dilatation of the fourth ventricle. These findings were also confirmed by MRI. One year after admission, atrophy of the frontal, temporal, parietal lobes was noted by CT scan and MRI. The cervical and thoracic cord was observed to be atrophic by MRI. Motor nerve conduction study showed decreased velocity, suggesting the presence of peripheral neuropathy. Fatty acids analysis of plasma sphingomyelin revealed marked increased in very long chain fatty acids, which was compatible with a diagnosis of adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD). However, the term "adrenoleukomyeloneuropathy (ALMN)" was considered more preferable, since the spinal cord and peripheral nerves were involved in this case. Prominent changes in the cerebellar white matter and dentate nuclei at early stage on CT and MRI were not described in the previous publications. Our paper, hence, may be the first one to report such findings and may contribute to early recognition of ALD or ALMN.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Non-specific inhibition by amiloride of canine chorda tympani nerve responses to various salts: do Na(+)-specific channels exist in canine taste receptor membranes?

In order to test the hypothesis that the taste response to NaCl is induced by entry of Na+ through the apical membranes of taste cells, the effects of amiloride on the canine chorda tympani nerve responses to various stimuli were compared with those on the short-circuit current (Isc) in the presence of salts in an in vitro preparation of the canine lingual epithelium. Application of amiloride to the tongue greatly inhibited the taste nerve responses to NaCl, LiCl, RbCl, CsCl, KCl and NH4Cl. There was no large difference in the amiloride inhibition among these salts. Amiloride also inhibited partly the responses to salts carrying impermeable cations such as choline+ or glycineamide+. Amiloride shifted the dose-response curves for the salt taste responses to a higher concentration region without appreciable effects on the maximal responses, suggesting that amiloride inhibits the salt responses in a competitive manner. It was concluded that the effects of amiloride on the taste nerve responses observed in the present study were quite different from those on Isc. The present results favor a conclusion that in the dog, a competitive binding of amiloride carrying a positive charge to the receptor sites for the cations of the salt stimuli leads to inhibition of the salt responses.

Amiloride↗
PubMed1990

A new electrophoretic variant of alpha subunit of Na+/K(+)-ATPase from the submandibular gland of rats.

The alpha catalytic subunits of Na+/K(+)-ATPase were isolated from the kidney and brain of rats (alpha 1 and alpha 2, respectively). The antisera raised against these subunits were used as probes to analyze the isoform of catalytic subunits of Na+/K(+)-ATPase in various tissues of rats. Of 27 rat tissues examined, most had a catalytic subunit identical to alpha 1 but some, such as the nervous and muscle tissues, had both alpha 1 and alpha 2 isoforms as judged by their reactivities to antisera and their electrophoretic mobility. We found that the submandibular gland contained a new electrophoretic variant of immunoreactive alpha subunit (designated alpha(S) in this report) in addition to alpha 1 identical to those found in kidney and brain. The new variant, alpha(S), strongly cross-reacted with anti-alpha 1 antiserum, but to a lesser extent with anti-alpha 2 antiserum. The alpha(S) had a molecular mass which was found to be slightly less (approx. 90 kDa) than brain and kidney alpha 1. We examined whether or not the alpha(S) is formed by proteolytic cleavage of alpha subunits during preparation and concluded that this is not the case. The alpha(S) reacted with [gamma-32P]ATP, resulting in the formation of radioactive alpha subunit which was stabilized by 2 mM ouabain but which was labile in the presence of 70 mM potassium chloride. Since N-terminal amino acid sequence of alpha(S) protein [G()DKY()PAAVS] corresponds exactly and uniquely with the sequence of the alpha 1 chain between residues 1 and 11, it is very probable that alpha(S) protein originated from alpha 1 protein following the post-translational processing.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Water response of frog olfactory system is induced by a decrease in osmotic pressure.

The frog olfactory response to deionized water (water response) was recorded from the olfactory bulb. The water response was suppressed by both electrolytes and non-electrolytes as a function of osmolarity, while the water response in taste cells was not suppressed by non-electrolytes. It was concluded that a decrease in osmotic pressure induced by application of deionized water is the origin of the water response in the frog olfactory system.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1990

Pathologic characteristics of human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-related extranodal orofacial lymphomas.

Eleven cases of extranodal orofacial lymphomas (EOFL), consisting of four HTLV-related and seven HTLV-unrelated EOFL, were investigated with respect to the immunohistochemical and clinical features. HTLV-related EOFL were of T-cell phenotype and were associated with a poorer prognosis than HTLV-unrelated EOFL, most of which were of B-cell origin. The appearance of giant cells with cerebriform nuclei was helpful in identifying HTLV-related EOFL. The relatively high incidence of T-cell type EOFL in our series was considered to be related to the high percentage of HTLV carriers in our district, an area endemic for adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Membrane fluidity changes of liposomes in response to various odorants. Complexity of membrane composition and variety of adsorption sites for odorants.

Three kinds of liposomes prepared from phosphatidylcholine (PC), azolectin, and azolectin-containing membrane proteins of the canine erythrocytes were used as models for olfactory cells. To explore properties of the adsorption sites of odorants, membrane fluidity changes in response to various odorants were measured with various fluorescence dyes which monitor the fluidity at different depths and different regions of the membranes. (a) Application of various odorants changed the membrane fluidity of azolectin liposomes. The patterns of membrane fluidity changes in response to odorants having a similar odor were similar to each other and those in response to odorants having different odors were different from each other. These results suggested that odorants having a similar odor are adsorbed on a similar site and odorants having different odors are adsorbed on different sites. (b) Such variation of the pattern was not seen in liposomes of a simple composition (PC liposome). (c) In the proteoliposomes whose composition was more complex than that of azolectin liposomes, the patterns of membrane fluidity changes varied among odorants having a similar odor. It was concluded that liposomes of complex membrane composition have the variety of adsorption sites for odorants.

Acyclic Monoterpenes↗
PubMed1990

Large enhancement of canine taste responses to sugars by salts.

The effects of changed ionic environments on the canine taste responses to sugars were examined by recording the activity of the chorda tympani nerve. a) The responses to various sugars were greatly enhanced by the presence of salts having monovalent cations such as Na+, K+, choline+, or Tris+. The responses to sugars were suppressed by high concentrations of salts. (b) The presence of 100 mM NaCl in fructose solution did not affect the maximal response and changed the Hill constant for the concentration-response relationship from 1.3 to 2.4. (c) CaCl2 greatly enhanced the response to fructose, while MgCl2 exhibited practically no effect. The presence of 20 mM CaCl2 in fructose solution changed the Hill constant from 1.2 to 2.4. (d) CaCl2 suppressed the responses to 0.5 M sugars except for fructose and sucrose and enhanced the responses to all sugars examined at 1 M. In the glucose response, the slope of the concentration-response curve was increased by the presence of CaCl2. Here the curve in the absence of CaCl2 intersected with that in the presence of CaCl2, indicating that CaCl2 suppressed the response to glucose of low concentrations and enhanced that of high concentrations. (e) The enhancement of the sugar responses by salts was not simply explained in terms of ionic permeability at the apical membranes of taste cells. The enhanced and suppressed effects of salts on the sugar responses were interpreted in terms of the cooperativity between receptor molecules for sugars.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Open reduction and interfragment wire fixation of comminuted nasal fractures.

Manual reduction is the first choice for all types of acute nasal fractures; open reduction is the choice for fractures that do not respond to manual reduction or complicated fractures at the base of the nasal pyramid. From 1968 to 1986, 564 cases of nasal fractures were treated at the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo. Of these, 241 were acute nasal fractures, 52 of which were associated with facial bone fractures. Deviated types of fractures that cannot be correctly repositioned by manual reduction and some depressed fractures often require a surgical approach for reduction and fixation. In our series of 241 patients with acute nasal fractures, 43 (18%) were treated by open reduction and fixed with soft stainless steel wires.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Susceptibility to tourniquet-induced radial palsy in the presence of previous humeral fracture.

The purpose of this article is to present a potential hazard that may be encountered when using a pneumatic tourniquet during hand surgery, even when applied with the appropriate pressure and for the correct amount of time. Two of our patients developed complete radial nerve paralysis after hand surgery in which the pneumatic tourniquet was used. The tourniquet had a manometer between the cuff and the pump, which allowed for pressure control. The tourniquet time for patient 1 was 45 minutes and for patient 2 65 minutes, and the pressure was 250 mm Hg in both. Both patients had a history of humeral fracture on the paralyzed side.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Surgical correction of the inverted nipple with a tendon graft: hammock procedure.

Our procedure, in which the inverted nipple was suspended using autogenous tendon grafts, was easy to perform, and it was not necessary to cut the lactiferous ducts. There was no deformity of the nipple or areola after this procedure, and the surgical scars were inconspicuous. Three patients who were followed up for over 1 year after surgery were presented in this paper. In eight patients (13 corrected inverted nipples), good results were obtained and there have been no complications to date.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Adrenal medullary hyperplasia. Hyperplasia-pheochromocytoma sequence.

We present a case of unilateral adrenal medullary hyperplasia in a 63-year-old woman with clinical signs and symptoms of pheochromocytoma unassociated with multiple endocrine neoplasia. The surgically removed adrenal gland revealed diffuse medullary hyperplasia with multiple micronodules measuring up to 2 mm. The micronodules were composed of enlarged chromaffin cells with atypia, histologically similar to those of pheochromocytoma, forming small solid alveolar patterns separated by a fibrovascular stroma. Removal of the hyperplastic adrenal gland resulted in disappearance of paroxysmal nocturnal hypertension and palpitation. These results suggest that diffuse and nodular medullary hyperplasia is the precursor of pheochromocytoma.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

Large synergism between monosodium glutamate and 5'-nucleotides in canine taste nerve responses.

The taste responses to the "umami" substances such as monosodium glutamate (MSG), GMP, and IMP were recorded from the chorda tympani nerve of mongrel dogs and beagles. A large synergism was observed between MSG and two species of nucleotides (GMP and IMP) in most mongrel dogs and between MSG and three species of nucleotides (GMP, IMP, and AMP) in beagles. The extent of the synergism between MSG and the nucleotides was much larger than that observed in any other animals examined except for humans. In the presence of GMP, the response magnitude of the chorda tympani nerve to MSG was increased but that to NaCl, HCl, sucrose, quinine, and glycine was unchanged. It was concluded that the canine taste responses to the umami substances closely resemble those in humans, and the dog is a suitable animal model for studies on the responses to the umami substances.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

A human-mouse hybrid cell line expressing both human leukocyte and histocompatibility-2 antigens.

Clone-1d, a sub-line of mouse L cells, was transfected with E. coli neo gene cloned in pSV2 vector (pSV2 neo) to obtain C1-1d neo cells. These cells are able to survive in the presence of geneticin (G418) but are killed by the medium containing hypoxanthine, aminopterin, and thymidine (HAT) because of the deficiency of thymidine kinase (TK) gene. By using these cells, it became possible to produce stable hybrid cells between these neo cells and any other cells since the hybrid cells are selected in the culture medium containing both G418 and HAT. We produced such hybrid cells by fusing C1-1d neo and A431 human epidermoidal carcinoma cells and studied the expression of human leucocyte antigens (HLA) and histocompatibility-2 antigens (H-2) in three hybrid cell lines. We found that one out of three hybrid cell lines expresses both HLA and human beta 2 microglobulin besides H-2 antigens, whereas the other two express only H-2 antigens; this indicated better stability of mouse genes than of human genes.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Effects of L-ascorbic acid and bone metabolism factors on alkaline phosphatase activity of and 45Ca2+ incorporation by ROS 17/2.8 cells].

Among several bioactive substances known as coupling factors, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), interleukin-1 (IL-1), and prostaglandin (PG) E1 and E2 increased not only the activity of alkaline phosphatase but also the rate of incorporation of 45Ca2+ into ROS 17/2.8 during a 3-day culture: the former two factors are known to be formed at the site where bone is resorbed, while PG's are known as one of the factors involved in bone resorption. Parathyroid hormone, another hormone that affects bone metabolism, elevated the incorporation of 45Ca2+ by and decreased the alkaline phosphatase activity of the cells. The facts indicate the possibility that the osteoblastic cells are involved in the transport of calcium ions when bones are being resorbed. On the other hand, when these osteosarcoma cells were cultured in DMEM containing ascorbate and beta-glycerophosphate, followed by staining with silver nitrate by the procedure of von Kossa, there appeared many groups of cells that were positively stained as dark brown spots. Cells were then cultured under the same conditions in the presence of radioactive calcium, and the radioactivity accumulated was measured. The result showed that the presence of both ascorbate and beta-glycerophosphate in the culture medium dramatically increased the accumulation of 45Ca2+. It appears from these facts that ROS 17/2.8 cells are capable of incorporating and/or accumulating calcium ion if they are cultured under appropriate conditions. These cells will probably be able to produce a calcified matrix in vitro.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1990

IL-5 enhances the in vitro adhesion of human eosinophils, but not neutrophils, in a leucocyte integrin (CD11/18)-dependent manner.

In an attempt to explain the preferential accumulation of eosinophils at sites of allergic tissue reactions, we have studied the effects of interleukin-5 (IL-5) on the adherence of human eosinophils and neutrophils to plasma-coated glass (PCG) or human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC). IL-5 was compared with IL-3, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and platelet-activating factor (PAF), since all these agents have biological properties associated with eosinophil activation and/or survival in vitro. IL-5, IL-3 and GM-CSF induced a time-dependent increase in adherence of normal density eosinophils to PCG optimal at 60 min, whereas the effect of PAF was greater at 15 min. Similar results were obtained with neutrophils, with the exception that IL-5 had minimal and non-significant effects on this cell type. Unstimulated eosinophils and neutrophils also adhered to PCG or HMVEC, but in low numbers. Preincubation of eosinophils with IL-5, GM-CSF or PAF resulted in dose-dependent increases in the numbers of adherent cells to PCG. IL-3 had a smaller but significant effect on enhanced eosinophil adhesion to PCG, while IL-2 and lyso-PAF were ineffective. Neutrophils gave similar levels of baseline and stimulated adhesion to PCG as eosinophils, IL-5 again had no significant stimulatory effect. IL-5 also increased eosinophil, but not neutrophil, adherence to HMVEC in a concentration-dependent manner. Preincubation with the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide had no effect on IL-5-, GM-CSF- or PAF-stimulated eosinophil adhesion. The contribution of the CD11/18 leucocyte integrins to IL-5- and PAF-induced eosinophil hyperadherence was investigated by inhibition experiments utilizing monoclonal antibodies (mAb). Enhanced adhesion to PCG (by PAF) or HMVEC (by IL-5) was inhibited by (ranked in order of potency) anti-CR3 alpha = common beta-chain greater than LFA-1 alpha. Anti-p150,95 alpha had no measurable effect. Baseline adhesion by unstimulated eosinophils was not significantly influenced by prior incubation with these mAb. Using flow cytometry, IL-5 and IL-3 were found to up-regulate cosinophil but not neutrophil CR3 expression. These findings demonstrate that IL-5 enhances cosinophil, but not neutrophil, adherence reactions, by a mechanism dependent, at least in part, on the CD11/18 family of adhesion glycoproteins.

Cell Adhesion↗