We report a case with insulinoma that showed higher attenuation than normal pancreatic parenchyma on precontrast CT. Pathology of the surgical specimen revealed the presence of psammoma bodies, which were responsible for hyperattenuation. It is worthwhile to obtain precontrast CT in patients suspected of having insulinoma.

Contrast Media↗

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Improved CT fat detection in small kidney angiomyolipomas using thin sections and single voxel measurements.

OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: Seven echogenic renal masses < 1.0 cm in size were studied by CT to make the diagnosis of angiomyolipoma by identifying the presence of fat. RESULTS: In four of six lesions, initial 5 mm section CT failed to detect fat, although repeat 3 and/or 1.5 mm section CT was successful in demonstrating fat. In one patient who underwent 3 and 1.5 mm section CT, attenuation values of four voxels were low enough to indicate the presence of fat only on the 1.5 mm sections. CONCLUSION: Measuring single voxel values in the hypoattenuating areas on nonenhanced thin (3 or 1.5 mm) sections is essential for CT diagnosis of small (< 1.0 cm) renal angiomyolipomas.

Adipose Tissue↗

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Systemic arterial supply to normal basal segments of left lower lobe: CT findings.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of CT in making a diagnosis of systemic arterial supply to normal basal segments of the left lower lobe. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed chest radiography (three cases), CT (three cases), and angiography (two cases). RESULTS: An anomalous systemic artery arising from the descending aorta was shown as a retrocardiac density on posteroanterior radiography and as a nodular density behind the heart on lateral radiography. Contrast enhanced CT revealed the vascular nature of the density adjacent to the descending aorta. Dynamic CT in one patient demonstrated that the nodular density was composed of an anomalous systemic artery and a prominent inferior pulmonary vein. High-resolution CT showed the interlobar artery distal to the origin of the superior segmental artery to be absent. The bronchial system of the left basal segments was normal as was the pulmonary parenchyma on CT. CONCLUSION: Characteristic CT findings consist of absence of the interlobar artery distal to the origin of the superior segmental artery and origination of an anomalous artery from the descending aorta that gives off branches to normal left basal segments. With a constellation of these CT findings, angiography would be obviated for definite diagnosis of this anomaly.

Aorta, Thoracic↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Improved detection of small insulinomas with intravenous dynamic CT.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usefulness of intravenous dynamic CT in demonstrating angiographically negative insulinomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two patients with endocrinologic evidence of insulinoma were examined with intravenous bolus-dynamic CT. RESULTS: Angiographically negative insulinomas as small as 5-7 mm were demonstrated unequivocally as enhancing nodules. CONCLUSION: Intravenous dynamic CT using larger amounts of contrast material can improve detection of small (< 1.0 cm) insulinomas.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Demonstration of columella-like stapes by CT.

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Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Two autopsy cases of aortitis syndrome in the elderly].

Two autopsy cases of aortitis syndrome (Takayasu's aortitis) in the elderly are presented. Case 1 was an 81-year-old woman in whom hypertension was observed at age 37, and difference of right and left arm blood pressure was pointed out at age 65. She was referred to the authors' hospital at age 72. Chest X-ray and computed tomography of the thorax indicated atypical coarctation and diffuse calcification of the aorta. Case 2 was a 69-year-old woman in whom hypertension was pointed out at age 49, and blood pressure in the arms was found to differ from that in the legs at age 63. Chest X-ray and computed tomography showed diffuse calcification and marked narrowing of the descending aorta. Pathological examination revealed marked calcification in the thickened adventitia of the aorta with mild atherosclerotic change. Irregular fibrotic changes of the adventitia and degeneration of elastic fibers of the media of the aorta were noted in both cases, and were consistent with Takayasu's aortitis. This disorder is common in young women and only a small number of elderly cases are reported although its incidence is increasing. Diffuse calcification of the aorta with an absence of inflammatory signs, which is frequent in older patients, were observed in both case. Systemic hypertension is the most important risk factor with coarctation of the aorta in Takayasu's aortitis. Bypass surgery is recommended in young patients, however in elderly patients, it is generally avoided, in favor of medical control of hypertension.

Aged↗

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Effects of azoxymethane on X-ray induced intestinal metaplasia in Donryu rats.

The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of azoxymethane (AOM) administration on intestinal metaplasia induced by X-irradiation in male Donryu rats. Five-week-old animals were X-irradiated with two doses of 10 Gy each at a 3-day interval or three X-ray doses of 10 Gy at a 2-day interval and then received AOM injections i.m. at a dose of 15 mg/kg body weight once weekly for 3 weeks, 6 months after irradiation. Alkaline phosphatase positive foci were decreased after AOM treatments, but aberrant crypt like-foci appeared within areas of intestinal metaplasia. In contrast no induction was observed in normal-appearing gastric mucosa.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗

PubMedDate not supplied

No susceptibility of colon tissue implanted into the glandular stomach of rats to N-nitroso-N-methylurea carcinogenesis.

The present study was undertaken to determine the response of colonic mucosa implanted into the stomach fundus in 6-week-old male F344 rats to oral administration of N-nitroso-N-methylurea (MNU). In graft + MNU, 15% animals had tumors in the implanted colon tissue whereas a 26% incidence of gastric tumors was observed for the pyloric mucosa. In MNU alone, 30% of rats demonstrated gastric tumors. In graft alone 10% of tumors were observed in the grafted site but none in the pylorus. Thus while graft tissue may intrinsically have an elevated risk of tumor development, no susceptibility to MNU was observed in the present study.

Animals↗