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Biomedical subjects

K Kume

Publications and source records attributed to K Kume.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Purification and characterization of Bordetella bronchiseptica dermonecrotic toxin.

Dermonecrotic toxin produced by Bordetella bronchiseptica was purified by chromatography on DEAE Toyopearl 650M and on Bio-Gel HTP, gel filtration on Sephadex G-200, and subsequent chromatography on Bio-Gel HTP and on SP Toyopearl 650M. The purified toxin was homogeneous by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography. There was a 90-fold increase in the dermonecrotic titer per mg protein in guinea pigs and the recovery of activity was 17.6% of that of the original cell extract. The purified toxin is a single-chain protein with a molecular weight of 145,000 and an isolelectric point of 6.3-6.7. Its minimal necrotizing dose is approximately 0.4 ng. It was completely inactivated by heating for 20 min at 56 degrees C. It contained no endotoxin, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, or hemagglutinins.

Agglutination↗
PubMed1989

Antibiotic susceptibility of serotype 2 and 5 strains of Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) pleuropneumoniae isolated from swine from 1974 to 1986.

Antibiotic susceptibility of 129 isolates of Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) pleuropneumoniae was examined. All the strains were isolated in 1974 to 1986 from the nasal cavities of swine housed on 35 farms in 11 prefectures of Japan. All 28 strains of serotype 2 isolated before 1984 were susceptible to 10 antibiotics used. In contrast, more than one-half of 79 strains of serotype 2 isolated in 1985 and 1986 were resistant to aminoglycosides, tetracycline, tylosin and carbadox, and most of them showed multiple drug resistance. All the 22 strains of serotype 5 were isolated only in 1985 and 1986, and almost all the isolates were susceptible to the antibiotics used in this study. Distribution of minimal inhibitory concentration of serotype 2 strains were bimodal to aminoglycosides, tetracycline, or tylosin. The present results showed that the number of antibiotic resistant strains of A. pleuropneumoniae has increased recently in Japan.

Actinobacillus↗
PubMed1989

[Isolation of calphobindin-II and its mechanism of anticoagulant activity].

In addition to calphobindin-I (a placental coagulation inhibitor), another anticoagulant protein (calphobindin-II) was isolated from the EDTA extract of human placenta. The purified protein had a molecular weight of 68,000 daltons according to sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under both reduced and non-reduced conditions. This protein prolonged prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and recalcification time, but did not affect thrombin time. This substance also inhibited both factor X activation by a complex of [factor VII-tissue factor-Ca2+] and factor II activation by a complex of [factor Xa-phospholipid-Ca2+]. This protein was a stronger anticoagulant than calphobindin-I.

Annexins↗
PubMed1989

[Relation of the serosal invasion mode to a recurrence in advanced gastric carcinomas].

Discussed are the attributable factors affecting the type of carcinomatous recurrence seen in 126 patients who had been operated on for their gastric carcinomas from 1979 to 1982 and who later showed a macroscopically positive serosal invasion (S0) and a histologically ss alpha approximately se invasion and required a curative resection. Forty-six percent of the patients with an ss beta approximately se invasion had a peritoneal recurrence, 21% a liver recurrence, and 33% a recurrence of some other type, whereas those with ss alpha had no such recurrence. Peritoneal recurrence tended to increase with the increase in the length of the serosal invasion and its rates were: one third in serosal invasions of less than 3 cm, one third in invasions of 3 approximately 6 cm and another third in invasions of over 6 cm. The smaller ratio of submucosal length to subserosal length, especially when less than 1.0, meant a greater frequency of peritoneal recurrence. The histologic characteristics of carcinomas that developed a peritoneal recurrence were poorly differentiated, contained INF alpha and had weaker cellular cohesion, whereas those that developed a liver metastasis were well differentiated carcinomas, contained INF beta and had a tighter cellular cohesion.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1989

[Portal hypertension in chronic lymphocytic leukemia].

Portal hypertension in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is rare. A 64-year-old woman with CLL for 5 years and increasing hepatosplenomegaly developed portal hypertension and bleeding gastric varices. There was no portal vein thrombus by abdominal echography and angiography. Following splenectomy and devascularization of the fornix, the gastric varices disappeared. The liver biopsy showed dense leukemic cell infiltration in portal triads, but no fibrosis. The portal hypertension in this case may be mainly due to increased portal flow from the enlarged spleen and leukemic cell infiltration in the liver. Previously reported cases are summarized.

Esophageal and Gastric Varices↗
PubMed1988

Adherence of Pasteurella multocida or Bordetella bronchiseptica to the swine nasal epithelial cell in vitro.

The interaction of Bordetella bronchiseptica or Pasteurella multocida with swine nasal epithelial cells was studied in vitro. The mean number of B. bronchiseptica organisms adhered per cell was about three times as high as that of P. multocida (P less than 0.01), and the adherence was specifically inhibited by the homologous antiserum prepared with the whole-cell antigen of each bacterium. The poor affinity of P. multocida to the swine nasal mucosa as compared with that of B. bronchiseptica was also demonstrated in the cultured fragments of the nasal mucosa. When observed with a scanning electron microscope, B. bronchiseptica organisms colonized the fragments, whereas few P. multocida organisms adhered. Morphologically, the P. multocida-infected fragments had an essentially normal structure, whereas marked degeneration and marked desquamation of the epithelial cells and severe inflammatory reactions were observed in many areas of the B. bronchiseptica-infected fragments. These morphological observations were consistent with those for the nasal mucosa of P. multocida- or B. bronchiseptica-infected neonatal pigs (T. Nakai, K. Kume, H. Yoshikawa, T. Oyamada, and T. Yoshikawa, Jpn. J. Vet. Sci. 48:693-701, 1986; T. Oyamada, T. Yoshikawa, H. Yoshikawa, M. Shimizu, T. Nakai, and K. Kume, Jpn. J. Vet. Sci. 48:377-387, 1986). Cultured swine nasal fragments, however, were equally injured when they were incubated in a medium containing purified dermonecrotic toxin (DNT) preparations of B. bronchiseptica or P. multocida. Therefore, these DNT preparations can induce morphological damage closely resembling that induced in vivo. Hence, colonization of B. bronchiseptica and production of its DNT on the swine nasal mucosa appear to result in the production of mucosal damage. On the other hand, P. multocida seems to lack the ability to colonize normal swine nasal mucosa, thus resulting in no production or the slight production of DNT to such an extent as to produce mucosal damage. The present data support our previous hypothesis (Nakai et al.; Oyamada et al.) that B. bronchiseptica induces swine atrophic rhinitis, whereas P. multocida does not.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Isolation and characterization of mutant strains of Bordetella bronchiseptica lacking dermonecrotic toxin-producing ability.

Mutant strains of Bordetella bronchiseptica, named B-42, B-76, B-84, and B-119, were obtained after serial passages of a parent strain, L3, on Bordet-Gengou agar plates containing 20% horse blood and 200 micrograms of nalidixic acid per ml (BGN-20 agar plates) at 42 degrees C. Mutant strains completely lacked dermonecrotic toxin-producing ability, and lethal activity of the strains for mice was apparently reduced compared with that of strain L3. Mutant strains were able to grow at 42 degrees C, and the strains were nalidixic acid resistant. The mutant strains showed domed (Dom+) colony morphology with smooth texture (Scs+) and no production of zone of hemolysis (Hly-), but the agglutinability of these strains to antiserum prepared with Dom+ Scs+ Hly+ organisms of strain L3 was the same as that of strain L3. When strain B-42 was inoculated intramuscularly or intranasally into guinea pigs, all the animals survived without manifesting clinical signs and produced a high-level of serum agglutination antibodies against strain L3. These inoculated animals were protected against intranasal challenge with strain L3. These properties of mutant strains are hereditarily stable after 50 subcultures on BGN-20 agar plates or 20 passages in mice. These data suggest that the mutant strains lacking dermonecrotic toxin-producing ability can be used as a live attenuated vaccine against swine atrophic rhinitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Surgical problems encountered in cases of S0 (serosal invasion-free) gastric cancers].

In this paper we have studied 649 resected cases of S0 (macroscopically negative serosal invasion) gastric cancer, this number of S0 gastric cancer resections experienced from a total number of 1692 patients treated at our hospital during the previous 16 years. The five-year survival rate of S0 cancers was 94% for patients given curative resections. Most of S0 cancers were histologically restricted within the pm layer but a few had reached the ss gamma or se layer. Non-curative factors in S0 cancers we recomposed of cancer positive stumps in the IIb-like margin, liver metastasis in the differentiated type carcinomas with ss invasion, and surgically left lymph node metastasis in the advanced carcinomas. As for lymph node dissections, our study reveals that an R2 dissection in the C and M regions, and a R3 or R2 + No.12 dissection for the A region are recommended. Modes of recurrence were characterized by liver or other hematogeneous metastasis in pm cancers or lymph node-positive cancers at the antrum, and by a peritoneal recurrence at the corpus in cases of advanced cancers. Histological ps(-) cancers showed a different survival result than did the S0 cancers and S(+) cancers.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Acquired pseudoobstruction of the colon due to segmental hypoganglionosis.

A case of acquired pseudoobstruction of the colon due to segmental hypoganglionosis is reported. The patient became constipated during pregnancy and obstructive symptoms followed. Radiologically, the diseased segment was spastic and the proximal colon was extremely dilated. Microscopically, the involved segment showed marked diminution in the number of intramural ganglion cells and those present showed degenerative changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Isolated unilateral absence of left pulmonary artery with peribronchial arteriovenous malformation showing recurrent hemoptysis.

Unilateral absence of a pulmonary artery is an uncommon condition and usually complicated by a cardiac anomaly. Our case is a rare one who showed the absence of the left pulmonary artery with left aortic arch and without cardiac anomaly. He suffered from recurrent hemoptysis and pneumonia since he was 9 months old. Angiography revealed peribronchial arteriovenous malformation of the affected lung which was supplied from subclavicular arteries and bronchial arteries. Although he was treated by operative ligation and angiographic embolotherapy of the supplying systemic arteries, the repeated the attacks of massive hemoptysis and necessiated left pneumonectomy at 10 years of age.

Arteriovenous Malformations↗
PubMed1987

Characterization of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate acyltransferase from guinea pig harderian gland microsomes.

Microsomal sn-glycerol 3-phosphate acyltransferase from the guinea pig Harderian gland was studied. Its specific activity (1.0 nmol/min X mg, with palmitoyl-CoA as a substrate) was almost the same as that of the rat liver microsomal enzyme. The enzyme acted on various types of acyl-CoA, the relative reaction rates being as follows: palmitoyl-CoA, 100(%); stearoyl-CoA, 30; oleoyl-CoA, 50; linoleoyl-CoA, 40; and arachidonoyl-CoA, 20. When assayed in the presence of 1 mM 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB), the activity on palmitoyl-CoA was inhibited by only 20-30%, whereas those for other acyl-CoAs were completely abolished. The DTNB-resistant activity was inhibited by 0.1 mM dihydroxyacetonephosphate and 0.5 mM dithiothreitol, whereas the DTNB-sensitive activity was not affected. Furthermore, heat treatment at 50 degrees C for 15 min abolished most of the DTNB-sensitive activity, but not the DTNB-resistant activity. These results, taken together, suggested that the microsomal fraction of the guinea pig Harderian gland contained at least two types of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate acyltransferase, and that, in contrast to in the case of rat liver microsomes, a DTNB-resistant enzyme that utilized exclusively palmitoyl-CoA was predominant.

Acyl Coenzyme A↗
PubMed1987

Purification of three fragments of the dermonecrotic toxin from Pasteurella multocida.

Dermonecrotic toxin purified from sonicates of Pasteurella multocida was mildly trypsinized. The trypsinized preparations were reversibly dissociated into three polypeptides, with molecular weights of about 23,000 (fragment a), about 64,000 (fragment b), and about 74,000 (fragment c) by treatment with 100 mM dithiothreitol and 6 M urea. Upon removal of dithiothreitol and urea from the dissociated toxin by dialysis, the fragments reassociated and formed dermonecrotic toxin indistinguishable from the native toxin. The three fragments were separated from the dissociated toxin by gel filtration on a Sephadex G-200 column equilibrated with buffer containing 4 M urea and 1 mM dithiothreitol. The purified fragments a, b, and c did not show dermonecrotic activity for guinea pigs. Immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic analysis with rabbit anti-dermonecrotic antiserum showed that the three purified fragments were antigenically distinct but had partial identity with the native toxin.

Animals↗