Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Kumar

Publications and source records attributed to K Kumar.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Elevated serum cancer antigen 125 levels in advanced abdominal tuberculosis.

A 48-yr-old female presented with a 1-yr history of pain in the hypochondrium and epigastrium. All routine investigations and computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen were done. CT findings revealed a well-defined cystic mass in the right ovary, and ascitis with features suggestive of secondaries over the omentum and peritoneal surface. The serum CA125 was 1255 U/mL (normal range 0-35 U/mL), which was indicative of ovarian malignancy. An exploratory laparotomy was performed. Histopathological examination of organs revealed the presence of granuloma. The patient was advised to undergo antitubercular treatment (ATT) and follow-up every month. After 1 mo of ATT, the CA125 level came down to 42 U/mL, which was near normal. As tuberculosis requires only a conservative management, we suggest that in cases of abdominopelvic mass with or without ascitis, high serum CA125 should always raise a suspicion of tuberculosis and a laparoscopy combined with peritoneal biopsy should be performed to confirm the diagnosis. This will prevent unnecessary laparotomies. Moreover, serum CA125 can be used to monitor the response of disease to antitubercular treatment.

Adnexal Diseases↗
PubMed2001

A fatal case of systemic brucellosis.

A 65 years man presented with fever, drenching sweats, progressive dyspnoea, backache and weight loss. On examination, he had wide pulse pressure, clubbing, retinal hemorrhages, aortic and mitral regurgitation, hepatosplenomegaly, lower spinal tenderness and bilateral basal crepitations. Transthoracic 2D-echocardiography showed a large vegetation on the aortic valve. Antibody titers for brucella were positive. X-ray spine was suggestive of brucella spondylitis. Early surgical intervention was planned and the patient was given combination antibiotic therapy. The course was complicated by renal failure and the patient succumbed while being taken up for surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Annulation reactions of allene-derived 1,3-dipole with 3-substituted-chromones: unusual recognition of 4pi-component in 3-(N-Aryliminomethyl)chromones through

All-carbon dipole derived by the interaction of triphenylphosphine with allenic ester is able to locate the polarized 2pi-component in 3-formylchromones through a regioselective [2 + 3] addition to the C2-C3 pi-bond, which is followed by deformylation leading to novel 3a,9a-dihydro-1-ethoxycarbonyl-1-cyclopenteno[5, 4-b]benzopyran-4-ones. On the contrary, the dipole recognizes azadiene in 3-(N-aryliminomethyl)chromones through [4 + 3] annulation and initially formed adducts undergo tandem rearrangements to afford novel N-aryl-2, 3-dihydro-4-ethoxycarbonylchromano[2,3-b]azepine-6-ones in good yield.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Unusual

All-carbon 1,3-dipoles derived from allenic esters/ketones, by catalytic interaction with triphenylphosphine, undergo an unusual [8 + 2] annelation with tropone, leading to 8-oxa-9-(ethoxycarbonyl/acylalkylidene)bicyclo[5.3.0]deca-1,3,5-trienes. Dipoles derived from allenic ketones as well as an alpha-methyl-substituted allenic ester display high reactivity and selectivity.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Neurological complications of congenital heart disease.

Neurological complications contribute significantly to mortality and morbidity from congenital heart disease with serious long-term consequences. Congenital heart disease has also been shown to adversely influence the neuro-developmental outcome of children. In developing countries such as India, majority of congenital heart defects remains uncorrected and major neurological complications are frequently encountered. Stroke and brain abscess are the commonest neurological complications of unoperated congenital heart disease. In developed countries the focus has now shifted to neurological complications of cardiac surgery in the very young as a result of cardiopulmonary bypass and total hypothermic circulatory arrest. A variety of neurological disturbances are now being increasingly recognized and are currently the subject of intense investigations. In this review the neurological complications of uncorrected congenital heart disease and the common neurological complications that result from operations for congenital heart disease will be discussed.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed2000

Benign pituitary adenoma with multiple dural metastases: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Pituitary adenomas are considered benign tumors and metastases are seen when the tumor shows malignant transformation. CASE DESCRIPTION: We present a case of a benign pituitary adenoma with multiple dural metastasis without malignant transformation throughout its course. At all times, the pituitary adenoma remained benign as seen by a lack of nuclear pleomorphism, nuclear atypia, vascular invasion, and absence of immunohistochemical staining for p53 protein. CONCLUSION: This is a rare example of dural metastasis from a benign pituitary adenoma. The authors believe this is the fourth reported case of this type in the literature.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2000

Giant cell tumour of hyoid bone: case report.

Giant cell tumours of bones are uncommon and are usually found in the epiphyses of long bones. They are rare in flat bones (<10%). The tumour has to our knowledge never been described in the hyoid bone, although 18 cases have been reported in the cartilagenous laryngeal skeleton. We report a giant cell tumour of the hyoid bone in a 45-year-old man, which we excised along with the left half of the hyoid bone. It recurred locally one year later and was cured by excision and split course radiotherapy. The patient is disease-free after 30 months of follow-up.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed2000

Correction of cubitus varus by French or dome osteotomy: a comparative study.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of two different techniques of supracondylar osteotomy, French osteotomy and dome osteotomy, for the correction of posttraumatic cubitus varus. METHODS: A comparative randomized study was undertaken of 25 patients (average age 10 years) with an established posttraumatic cubitus varus deformity (mean time from injury to corrective osteotomy, 1.7 years). Patients were followed-up with for 1 year, and carrying angle, Baumann's angle, and internal rotation deformity were measured. Postoperative complications were assessed. RESULTS: A significant (p < 0.01) correction of carrying angle and Baumann's angle was achieved with both techniques, with no statistically significant differences between them. Although internal rotation deformity was corrected by both techniques, the correction was significantly greater with the dome osteotomy (p < 0.01). However, the persistence of internal rotation did not seem to affect the final outcome. There was a higher incidence of postoperative complications in the dome osteotomy group, including infection (1), inadequate correction (1), nerve palsy (1), loss of motion (5), and circulatory compromise (1). CONCLUSION: The dome osteotomy is technically more difficult than the French osteotomy and has a higher incidence of complications. We suggest that the French osteotomy be used for the correction of cubitus varus after supracondylar fractures of the elbow in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Asymmetric squares as standing waves in rayleigh-Benard convection

Possibility of thermal convection in the form of asymmetric squares in a thin layer of Boussinesq fluids of large lateral extension confined between stress-free and conducting flat boundaries is investigated numerically using a seven mode Lorenz-like model. For fluids with moderate and high Prandtl numbers (4<sigma<20) and in a narrow window of high Rayleigh numbers (12<R/R(c)<15), which depend on Prandtl number, the stationary rolls become unstable and asymmetric squares appear as standing waves at the onset of secondary instability. Asymmetric squares, two-dimensional rolls, and again asymmetric squares with their corners shifted by half a wavelength form a stable limit cycle. The oscillatory bifurcation is supercritical.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Tuberculosis of the gallbladder.

Analysis of 5 patients with gallbladder tuberculosis who had open cholecystectomy and review of literature have shown that, although still rare it presents as a part of systemic miliary tuberculosis, abdominal tuberculosis, isolated gallbladder tuberculosis and as a calculus cholecystitis in anergic patients. There are no pathognomonic signs, the diagnosis depends on suspicion of tuberculosis, peroperative findings and histological examination.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

In-situ irradiation of keloid scars with Nd:YAG laser.

In-situ coagulation of keloid with Nd:YAG laser irradiation was carried out in in a cohort study of 17 patients, each with one keloid scar situated on either the sternum (six), abdomen (seven), shoulder (two), hip (one), or ear lobe (one). The duration of scarring was three to 17 years and size varied from 3-8 cm long. One to two doses of laser irradiation was required for complete coagulation. At three months, 10 (58.8%) keloids had completely healed; but in seven (41.1%), 25-50% of residual keloid persisted. Intralesional triamcinolone injection, once in four patients and twice in three patients, produced complete resolution in all seven patients. At 18 months to five years follow-up, 14 patients remain keloid-free but in three keloid recurred and was re-treated with laser coagulation with complete resolution. The treatment was carried out as an outpatient procedure under local anaesthesia. There were no complications. The results of this initial study suggest that Nd:YAG laser irradiation coagulation is effective treatment for keloid scarring.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Angiogenesis in a patient with ischemic limb induced by intramuscular injection of vascular endothelial growth factor and fibrin platform.

Direct revascularization of critical ischemia of the limb is often unsuccessful due to the anatomic extent and distribution of arterial occlusive disease, and no pharmacologic treatment has proved effective in treating this condition. Patients with ischemic limb may eventually require amputation and may develop serious morbidity and mortality. The goal of limb salvage in these patients has stimulated research into alternative treatment methods, including angiogenesis. Attempts have been made to apply growth factors directly or to encode DNA for such factors, but it is unknown whether these factors remain at the target site long enough to be effective. We report our strategy of using vascular endothelial growth factor in a fibrin network, which enables the sustained release of biologic material at the target site.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Neurological complications of congenital heart disease.

Neurological complications contribute significantly to mortality and morbidity from congenital heart disease with serious long-term consequences. Congenital heart disease has also been shown to adversely influence the neurodevelopmental outcome of children. In developing countries such as India, majority of congenital heart defects remains uncorrected and major neurological complications are frequently encountered. Stroke and brain abscess are the commonest neurological complications of unoperated congenital heart disease. In developed countries the focus has now shifted to neurological complications of cardiac surgery in the very young as a result of cardiopulmonary bypass and total hypothermic circulatory arrest. A variety of neurological disturbances are now being increasingly recognized and are currently the subject of intense investigations. In this review the neurological complications of uncorrected congenital heart disease and the common neurological complications that result from operations for congenital heart disease will be discussed.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed2000

Biodiversity of Anabaena azollae isolates from different Azolla cultures.

The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) profile of A. azollae strains isolated from four different Azolla cultures was studied by using different primers. The objective of this study was to determine whether polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with different primers could differentiate the isolated A. azollae strains from one another. The primers amplified specific sequences of the isolates and generated fingerprinting pattern characteristic of each isolate. Clear polymorphism was noticed among all the strains which depends on the primer sequence.

Anabaena↗