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Biomedical subjects

K Kuhn

Publications and source records attributed to K Kuhn.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Comparison of gall bladder bile and endoscopically obtained duodenal bile.

In 10 patients with gall stone disease (eight women, two men; mean (SD) age 47.4 (13) years), bile was obtained by endoscopic aspiration after stimulation of the gall bladder with ceruletid and also by fine needle puncture of the gall bladder under local anaesthetic. The total lipid concentration of the puncture bile samples was mean (SD) 11.9 (4.7) g/dl, significantly higher than the endoscopic bile samples (3.9 (3.3) g/dl, p less than 0.001). Total bile acids, phospholipids, and biliary cholesterol (expressed in mol%) and cholesterol saturation index showed no significant differences between the two types of samples. The glycocholic acid concentration in the endoscopically obtained bile (27.7 (6.6) mol% v 23.3 (5.4) mol%; p less than 0.01) was significantly higher than the puncture bile samples. Puncture bile exhibited a significantly shorter nucleation time (3.5 (3.3) days v 19.6 (11.9) days; p less than 0.001). For determination of the nucleation time, endoscopic bile aspiration after gall bladder stimulation with ceruletid led to adequately concentrated samples in 50% of the study subjects. Cholesterol monohydrate crystal formation in native bile was observed in six samples of puncture bile and in three samples of the endoscopically obtained bile. The presence of cholesterol crystals and the determination of nucleation time in the puncture bile were the best discriminants between cholesterol and pigment gall stones and correlated well with computed tomogram analysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Nucleation time and age in patients with gallstones].

The relationship between nucleation time (NT), total lipid concentration (TLC) and age was studied in a group of 45 gallstone patients (10 male, 35 female, age 50.1 +/- 14.5 yrs). Bile was obtained by direct fine needle puncture of the gallbladder under local anaesthesia and sonographic monitoring. There was a positive correlation between age and nucleation time (r = 0.626, p less than 0.001), in addition to a negative correlation between age and total bile lipid concentration (TLC) (r = -0.414, p = 0.005). The negative correlation between age and TLC indicates that gallbladder's ability to concentrate the bile decreases significantly with age. It is possible that the decreased concentration is a result of the chronic pathogenetic effects of gallbladder stones. Practically all patients showed a prolonged nucleation time after the 60th year (11.54 +/- 5.50 vs. 2.65 +/- 2.52 days). This would seem to indicate that these patients suffered primarily from bilirubin or calcified stones, currently unsuited for conservative therapy methods.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Treatment with locally applied mitoxantrone.

In 30 patients mitoxantrone was administered via an intracavitary route intraperitoneally, intrapleurally or intrapericardially. From 13 patients with malignant pleural effusion 5 showed a complete and 3 a partial remission. 2 of 2 patients with pericardial effusion showed a complete remission. From 16 patients with peritoneal carcinosis 4 showed a complete and 3 a partial remission.

Catheters, Indwelling↗
PubMed1989

[Changes in biliary lithogenicity caused by 4 weeks' weight reduction].

In 2 of 12 patients (16.6%) cholesterol monohydrate crystals occurred in duodenal bile samples after a 4 weeks fasting period (452 kcal/day). Cholesterol monohydrate crystals could be observed until recently mainly in patients with cholesterol gallstones. Therefore, this finding indicates increased biliary lithogenicity despite a non statistical decrease in CSI from 1.35 +/- 0.35 to 1.19 +/- 0.64. Presumably the increased lithogenicity may be caused by an increased glycoprotein concentration and an improvement in gallbladder contractility. Short time fasting obviously will be a risk factor for the development of gallstones, if weight and metabolic normalisation cannot be achieved.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Pathologic wall changes in the gallbladder in patients with gallstones and in healthy probands. Imaging using high frequency annular array sector transducers].

2154 computerized ultrasound diagnoses of 1623 patients were evaluated retrospectively from January 1st to October 31st 1987. The frequency of pathologic gallbladder wall changes in patients with stones and normal controls was examined applying 5 MHz annular array sector transducer. The occurrence of polyps, septae, sludge, kinking, carcinoma and adenomyomatosis was noted separately. The prevalence of polyps and septae in gallstone patients was increased fourfold if compared to the total number of examined patients. Sludge was found in 5.9% of gallstone patients compared to 2.2% in normal controls. Carcinoma and adenomyomatosis were present only in cases of cholelithiasis; the prevalence of these pathologic wall changes is obviously rare. The importance of polyps and septae in biliary lithogenicity is discussed.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1986

A teaching nursing home: the Vanderbilt experience.

A program to provide exposure to geriatrics as a teaching nursing home project was initiated at a large urban university medical center. Positive experiences, changes of attitude, and personal growth were noted among those involved in teaching, learning, and care of patients. A description of the program, its expansion, and plans for the future are detailed.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed1985

[Immunohistochemical determination of maternal and child blood groups (ABO) in mature placental tissue].

Using the indirect immunoperoxidase technique (PAP method), ABO characteristics of mother and child were correctly identified in tissue specimens from 10 mature human placentas. In one case, a weak infantile A reaction was overlooked in the agglutination test but correctly identified by immunohistochemistry. In accordance with the weak expression of ABO characteristics in cord blood, immunohistochemical labeling of infantile erythrocytes with monoclonal and human antibodies, as well as Ulex europeaeus agglutinin I (UEA I), was less pronounced than that of mature erythrocytes. Labeling of the chorionic vessel endothelium, in contrast to that of adult endothelial tissue, was negative with anti-A or anti-B but, regardless of the infantile blood group, pronounced with UEA I. Regular identification of the blood groups was possible in decomposed placental tissue stored at room temperature for 1 week, but not in tissue stored for 2 or more weeks.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1981

The enucleation of cells on plastic Leighton coverslips.

A simple enucleation technique that facilitates autoradiographic and electron microscopic examination of cytoplasms is described. Cells were grown on commercially available plastic Leighton coverslips and these were centrifuged in the presence of cytochalasin B. The centrifugation requires no special holders and only a high speed centrifuge. Enucleation frequencies of greater than 90% were obtained for Chinese hamster fibroblasts and mouse B-82 cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Simultaneous synthesis of types I and III collagen by fibroblasts in culture.

Specific antibodies against types I and III collagens and procollagens were used to localize these proteins in cultured human cells. These studies indicate that the same cell makes both proteins. No type III procollagen synthesis was observed in cells from two patients with two patients with the Ehlers-Danlos type IV syndrome.

Ascorbic Acid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Atenolol treatment of late luteal phase dysphoric disorder.

Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system has been hypothesized as a potential pathophysiological factor in premenstrual tension syndrome (PMS). Atenolol is a predominate beta 1-blocker which can decrease plasma renin activity and inhibit the urinary excretion of aldosterone. Sixteen women meeting provisional diagnoses of late luteal phase dysphoric disorder were treated for symptoms of PMS with atenolol (50 mg once daily) in a randomized placebo-crossover double-blind design. The data indicated significant improvements on the irritability, vigor, elation, and friendliness scores in response to atenolol compared to placebo. Significant changes were not found for several other ratings scales, indicating that atenolol improved only selected symptoms in the group as a whole. However, the women who had premenstrual tension symptoms for more than 5 years (n = 8) were improved on most of the rating scales. Atenolol decreased premenstrual plasma aldosterone to a limited extent. There was also a trend in the data toward higher luteal progesterone levels during the month subjects took atenolol. Plasma renin activity and aldosterone correlated with estrogen and progesterone levels during the placebo month but not during the active month.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

XML-based visualization of design and completeness in medical databases.

PURPOSE: mdplot (medical database plot) visualizes both structure and quality of data in medical databases by means of a summary representation of design and completeness in XML format. The goal is to identify attributes suitable for evaluation and to aid in creating open data models. METHODS: A three-stage visualization approach is applied. First, an overview of all classes in a database, second a detailed view of a specific class and third an analysis of individual attributes. Missing data is identified to enable specific efforts to improve data quality prior to analysis. For each class number of patients, attributes, and records per patient are provided. A condensed bar chart for each category of attributes (categorical, numerical, text and other) visualizes available content: The abscissa corresponds to the sequence of attributes; the ordinate represents completeness per attribute. By selection of a specific class, a detailed description is provided including mean completeness in each category as well as completeness per attribute. To analyse attributes that are collected at several time points per patient, a frequency distribution of records per patient can be generated. RESULTS: The new methodology was applied to two clinical research databases consisting of 292 attributes (955 patients) and 224 attributes (610 patients), respectively, and resulted in major restructuring of the systems. A public website is provided for generation of mdplots.

Data Collection↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nurses' health, age and the wish to leave the profession--findings from the European NEXT-Study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In many industrialised countries the number of workers with low health is expected to increase in the nursing profession. This will have implications for occupational health work in health care. The European NEXT-Study (www. next-study. net, funded by EU) investigates working conditions of nurses in ten European countries and provides the opportunity to evaluate the role of health with respect to age and the consideration of leaving nursing. METHODS: 26,263 female registered nurses from Belgium, Germany, Finland, France, England, Italy, Netherlands, Poland and Slovakia were eligible for analysis. RESULTS: In most countries, older nurses considered leaving the profession more frequently than younger nurses. 'Health' was--next to 'professional opportunities' and 'work organisational factors'--strongly associated with the consideration of leaving nursing. However, more than half of all nurses with low health wanted to remain in the profession. This group reported rather positive psychosocial working conditions--but also the highest fear for unemployment. CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate that 'the nurse with low health' is reality in many health care settings. Both positive supporting working conditions but also lack of occupational alternatives and fear of unemployment may contribute to this. Current economic, political and demographic trends implicate that the number of active nurses with low health will increase. Occupational health surveillance will be challenged by this. But NEXT findings implicate that prevention also will have to regard work organisational factors if the aim is to sustain nurses' health and to enable nurses to remain healthy in their profession until retirement age.

Adolescent↗